- 0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
- 0.2BhikkhunivibhaṅgaThe Nuns’ Analysis
- 0.3PācittiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing confession
- 0.4TuvaṭṭavaggaThe subchapter on lying down
0.538. TiroraṭṭhasikkhāpadaWandering outside the country
1.0Origin story
1.1PTS 4.296Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.1.2Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṁ caranti.At that time the nuns went wandering without a group of travelers where it was considered risky and dangerous outside their own country.1.3Dhuttā dūsenti.Scoundrels raped them.
1.4Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—The nuns of few desires complained and criticized them,1.5“kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṁ carissantī”ti …pe…“How can nuns go wandering without a group of travelers where it’s considered risky and dangerous outside their own country?” …1.6“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṁ carantī”ti?“Is it true, monks, that nuns do this?”
1.7“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”
1.8Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked them …1.9kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṁ carissanti.“How can nuns do this?1.10Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.11evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
1.12.0Final ruling
1.12.1“Yā pana bhikkhunī tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṁ careyya, pācittiyan”ti.‘If a nun goes wandering without a group of travelers where it is considered risky and dangerous outside her own country, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
2.0Definitions
- 2.1Yā panātiA:
- 2.2yā yādisā …pe…whoever …
- 2.3bhikkhunītiNun:
- 2.4…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
- 2.5TiroraṭṭhetiOutside her own country:
- 2.6yassa vijite viharati, taṁ ṭhapetvā aññassa raṭṭhe.in any country apart from the one where she is living.
- 2.7Sāsaṅkaṁ nāmaRisky:
- 2.8tasmiṁ magge corānaṁ niviṭṭhokāso dissati, bhuttokāso dissati, ṭhitokāso dissati, nisinnokāso dissati, nipannokāso dissati.a place has been seen along that road where criminals are camping, eating, standing, sitting, or lying down.
- 2.9Sappaṭibhayaṁ nāmaDangerous:
- 2.10tasmiṁ magge corehi manussā hatā dissanti, viluttā dissanti, ākoṭitā dissanti.criminals have been seen along that road, injuring, robbing, or beating people.
- 2.11Asatthikā nāmaWithout a group of travelers:
- 2.12vinā satthena.in the absence of a group of travelers.
- 2.13Cārikaṁ careyyātiGoes wandering:
- 2.14kukkuṭasampāte gāme gāmantare gāmantare, āpatti pācittiyassa.when the inhabited areas are a chicken’s flight apart, then for every next inhabited area she commits an offense entailing confession.2.15Agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.When it is an uninhabited area, a wilderness, then for every six kilometers she commits an offense entailing confession.1
2.16.0Non-offenses
2.16.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.17satthena saha gacchati,if she travels with a group; 2.18kheme appaṭibhaye gacchati,if she travels where it is safe and free from danger; 2.19āpadāsu,if there is an emergency; 2.20ummattikāya,if she is insane; 2.21ādikammikāyāti.if she is the first offender.
2.22Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.The eighth training rule is finished.