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Bi Pj 514 min read

5. The training rule on physical contact with a man

Ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalikā

A lustful nun who agrees to a lustful man touching her anywhere below the collar bone and above the knees is expelled.

Translated by Bhikkhu Brahmali · Pāli: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka · Public domain (CC0) via SuttaCentral

  • 0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
  • 0.2BhikkhunivibhaṅgaThe Nuns’ Analysis
  • 0.3PārājikakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing expulsion

0.45. UbbhajāṇumaṇḍalikāsikkhāpadaThe training rule on physical contact with a man

1.0.1Origin story

1.0.2Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato Sammāsambuddhassa.Homage to the Buddha, the Perfected One, the fully Awakened One

1.1PTS 4.211Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,11.2Tena kho pana samayena sāḷho migāranattā bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihāraṁ kattukāmo hoti.Migāra’s grandson Sāḷha wanted to build a dwelling for the Sangha of nuns.1.3Atha kho sāḷho migāranattā bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca—He went to the nuns and said,1.4“icchāmahaṁ, ayye, bhikkhunisaṅghassa vihāraṁ kātuṁ.“Venerables, I wish to build a dwelling for the Sangha of nuns.1.5Detha me navakammikaṁ bhikkhunin”ti.Please get me the nun in charge of building work.”

1.6Tena kho pana samayena catasso bhaginiyo bhikkhunīsu pabbajitā honti—At that time four sisters had gone forth as nuns:1.7nandā, nandavatī, sundarīnandā, thullanandāti.Nandā, Nandavatī, Sundarīnandā, and Thullanandā.1.8Tāsu sundarīnandā bhikkhunī taruṇapabbajitā abhirūpā hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā paṇḍitā byattā medhāvinī dakkhā analasā, tatrupāyāya vīmaṁsāya samannāgatā, alaṁ kātuṁ alaṁ saṁvidhātuṁ.Of these, the nun Sundarīnandā had gone forth when she was young, and she was beautiful, intelligent, skilled, and diligent, and she possessed good judgment in regard to doing and arranging things well.1.9Atha kho bhikkhunisaṅgho sundarīnandaṁ bhikkhuniṁ sammannitvā sāḷhassa migāranattuno navakammikaṁ adāsi.After appointing Sundarīnandā to be in charge of building work, the Sangha made her work with Sāḷha.1.10Tena kho pana samayena sundarīnandā bhikkhunī sāḷhassa migāranattuno nivesanaṁ abhikkhaṇaṁ gacchati—As a consequence of this, Sundarīnandā would often go to Sāḷha’s house to ask for tools,1.11“vāsiṁ detha, parasuṁ detha, kuṭhāriṁ detha, kudālaṁ detha, nikhādanaṁ dethā”ti.whether a machete, a hatchet, an ax, a spade, or a chisel.1.12Sāḷhopi migāranattā bhikkhunupassayaṁ abhikkhaṇaṁ gacchati katākataṁ jānituṁ.And Sāḷha would often go to the nunnery to find out about the progress of the building work.21.13Te abhiṇhadassanena paṭibaddhacittā ahesuṁ.And because they saw each other frequently, they fell in love.

1.14Atha kho sāḷho migāranattā sundarīnandaṁ bhikkhuniṁ dūsetuṁ okāsaṁ alabhamāno etadevaatthāya bhikkhunisaṅghassa bhattaṁ akāsi.But because Sāḷha could not find any opportunity to be intimate with Sundarīnandā, he invited the Sangha of nuns for a meal.1.15Atha kho sāḷho migāranattā bhattagge āsanaṁ paññapento “ettakā bhikkhuniyo ayyāya sundarīnandāya vuḍḍhatarā”ti—ekamantaṁ āsanaṁ paññapesi “ettakā navakatarā”ti—ekamantaṁ āsanaṁ paññapesi.When preparing the seats in the dining hall, he counted the number of nuns senior to Venerable Sundarīnandā and placed their seats to one side, and he counted the number of nuns junior to her and placed their seats on the other side.1.16PTS 4.212Paṭicchanne okāse nikūṭe sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā āsanaṁ paññapesi, yathā therā bhikkhuniyo jāneyyuṁ—“navakānaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ santike nisinnā”ti; navakāpi bhikkhuniyo jāneyyuṁ—“therānaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ santike nisinnā”ti.He then placed Sundarīnandā’s seat in a concealed spot in a corner. In this way the senior nuns would think she was seated close to the junior ones and the junior nuns would think she was seated close to the senior ones.1.17Atha kho sāḷho migāranattā bhikkhunisaṅghassa kālaṁ ārocāpesi—“kālo, ayye, niṭṭhitaṁ bhattan”ti.Soon afterwards he informed the Sangha that the meal was ready.

1.18Sundarīnandā bhikkhunī sallakkhetvā—“na bahukato sāḷho migāranattā bhikkhunisaṅghassa bhattaṁ akāsi; maṁ so dūsetukāmo.Sundarīnandā thought, “Sāḷha hasn’t prepared a meal for the Sangha as a service, but because he wants to be intimate with me.1.19Sacāhaṁ gamissāmi vissaro me bhavissatī”ti, antevāsiniṁ bhikkhuniṁ āṇāpesi—“gaccha me piṇḍapātaṁ nīhara.If I go, I will get into trouble.” She then told a nun who was her pupil, “Go and bring back almsfood for me.1.20Yo ce maṁ pucchati, ‘gilānā’ti paṭivedehī”ti.If anyone asks about me, tell them I’m sick.”

1.21“Evaṁ, ayye”ti kho sā bhikkhunī sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā paccassosi.“Yes, venerable,” she replied.

1.22Tena kho pana samayena sāḷho migāranattā bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhito hoti sundarīnandaṁ bhikkhuniṁ paṭipucchanto—Soon afterwards Sāḷha was standing outside his gatehouse repeatedly inquiring after Sundarīnandā:31.23“kahaṁ, ayye, ayyā sundarīnandā? Kahaṁ, ayye, ayyā sundarīnandā”ti?“Venerables, where’s Venerable Sundarīnandā?”1.24Evaṁ vutte, sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā antevāsinī bhikkhunī sāḷhaṁ migāranattāraṁ etadavoca—“gilānāvuso; piṇḍapātaṁ nīharissāmī”ti.The nun who was Sundarīnandā’s pupil told him: “She’s sick. I’m bringing her almsfood.”1.25Atha kho sāḷho migāranattā—“yampāhaṁ atthāya bhikkhunisaṅghassa bhattaṁ akāsiṁ ayyāya sundarīnandāya kāraṇā”ti manusse āṇāpetvā—Sāḷha thought, “I invited the Sangha of nuns because of Sundarīnandā,”1.26“bhikkhunisaṅghaṁ bhattena parivisathā”ti vatvā yena bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkami.and after telling the people there to serve the meal to the Sangha of nuns, he left for the nunnery.

1.27Tena kho pana samayena sundarīnandā bhikkhunī bahārāmakoṭṭhake ṭhitā hoti sāḷhaṁ migāranattāraṁ patimānentī.Just then Sundarīnandā was standing outside the monastery gatehouse longing for Sāḷha.1.28Addasā kho sundarīnandā bhikkhunī sāḷhaṁ migāranattāraṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ. Disvāna upassayaṁ pavisitvā sasīsaṁ pārupitvā mañcake nipajji.When she saw him coming, she entered the nunnery, put on her upper robe so that it covered her head, and lay down on her bed.1.29Atha kho sāḷho migāranattā yena sundarīnandā bhikkhunī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sundarīnandaṁ bhikkhuniṁ etadavoca—“kiṁ te, ayye, aphāsu, kissa nipannāsī”ti?Sāḷha approached her and said, “Venerable, what’s wrong with you? Why are you lying down?”

1.30“Evañhetaṁ, āvuso, hoti yā anicchantaṁ icchatī”ti.“That’s what happens when you desire someone who doesn’t desire you in return.”

1.31“Kyāhaṁ taṁ, ayye, na icchissāmi?“What do you mean I don’t desire you?1.32Api cāhaṁ okāsaṁ na labhāmi taṁ dūsetun”ti.I just couldn’t find an opportunity to be intimate with you.”41.33Avassuto avassutāya sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā kāyasaṁsaggaṁ samāpajji.And both having lust, he made physical contact with Sundarīnandā.

1.34Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī jarādubbalā caraṇagilānā sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā avidūre nipannā hoti.Just then a nun who was weak from old age and had problems with her feet was lying down not far from Sundarīnandā.1.35Addasā kho sā bhikkhunī sāḷhaṁ migāranattāraṁ avassutaṁ avassutāya sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā kāyasaṁsaggaṁ samāpajjantaṁ.She saw how Sāḷha made physical contact with Sundarīnandā while both of them had lust.1.36Disvāna ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—“kathañhi nāma ayyā sundarīnandā avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṁsaggaṁ sādiyissatī”ti.She complained and criticized her, “How could Venerable Sundarīnandā consent to a man making physical contact with her, when they both had lust?”1.37PTS 4.213Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi.That nun then told the nuns what had happened.1.38Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā santuṭṭhā lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—The nuns of few desires, who had a sense of conscience, and who were contented, afraid of wrongdoing, and fond of the training, complained and criticized her,1.39“kathañhi nāma ayyā sundarīnandā avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṁsaggaṁ sādiyissatī”ti.“How could Venerable Sundarīnandā consent to a man making physical contact with her, when they both had lust?”1.40Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā santuṭṭhā lajjino kukkuccakā sikkhākāmā te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṁsaggaṁ sādiyissatī”ti.Those nuns then told the monks. And the monks of few desires, who had a sense of conscience, and who were contented, afraid of wrongdoing, and fond of the training, criticized her in the same way.

1.41Atha kho te bhikkhū sundarīnandaṁ bhikkhuniṁ anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.After rebuking the nun Sundarīnandā in many ways, they told the Buddha.1.42Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi—Soon afterwards the Buddha had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:1.43“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṁsaggaṁ sādiyatī”ti?“Is it true, monks, that the nun Sundarīnandā acted like this?”

1.44“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”

1.45Vigarahi buddho bhagavā—The Buddha rebuked her,1.46“ananucchavikaṁ, bhikkhave, sundarīnandāya bhikkhuniyā ananulomikaṁ appatirūpaṁ assāmaṇakaṁ akappiyaṁ akaraṇīyaṁ.“It’s not suitable, monks, it’s not proper for the nun Sundarīnandā, it’s not worthy of a monastic, it’s not allowable, it’s not to be done.1.47Kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṁsaggaṁ sādiyissati.How could Sundarīnandā consent to a man making physical contact with her, when they both had lust?1.48Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya pasannānaṁ vā bhiyyobhāvāya.This will affect people’s confidence,1.49Atha khvetaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānañceva appasādāya pasannānañca ekaccānaṁ aññathattāyā”ti.and cause some to lose it.”1.50Atha kho bhagavā sundarīnandaṁ bhikkhuniṁ anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya dupposatāya mahicchatāya asantuṭṭhitāya saṅgaṇikāya kosajjassa avaṇṇaṁ bhāsitvā, anekapariyāyena subharatāya suposatāya appicchassa santuṭṭhassa sallekhassa dhutassa pāsādikassa apacayassa vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsitvā, bhikkhūnaṁ tadanucchavikaṁ tadanulomikaṁ dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—And the Buddha spoke in many ways in dispraise of being difficult to support and maintain, in dispraise of great desires, discontent, socializing, and laziness; but he spoke in many ways in praise of being easy to support and maintain, of fewness of wishes, contentment, self-effacement, ascetic practices, serenity, reduction in things, and being energetic. After giving a teaching on what is right and proper, he addressed the monks:

1.51“tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññapessāmi dasa atthavase paṭicca—“Well then, monks, I will lay down a training rule for the following ten reasons:1.52saṅghasuṭṭhutāya, saṅghaphāsutāya, dummaṅkūnaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ niggahāya, pesalānaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ phāsuvihārāya, diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ āsavānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ āsavānaṁ paṭighātāya, appasannānaṁ pasādāya, pasannānaṁ bhiyyobhāvāya, saddhammaṭṭhitiyā vinayānuggahāya.for the well-being of the Sangha, for the comfort of the Sangha, for the restraint of bad nuns, for the ease of good nuns, for the restraint of the corruptions relating to the present life, for the restraint of the corruptions relating to future lives, to give rise to confidence in those without it, to increase the confidence of those who have it, for the longevity of the true Teaching, and for supporting the training.5

1.53Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:

1.54.0Final ruling

1.54.1“Yā pana bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa adhakkhakaṁ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṁ āmasanaṁ vā parāmasanaṁ vā gahaṇaṁ vā chupanaṁ vā paṭipīḷanaṁ vā sādiyeyya, ayampi pārājikā hoti asaṁvāsā ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalikā”ti.‘If a lustful nun consents to a lustful man making physical contact with her, to touching her, to taking hold of her, to contacting her, or to squeezing her, anywhere below the collar bone but above the knees, she too is expelled and excluded from the community. The training rule on above the knees.’”6

2.1.0Definitions

2.1.1PTS 4.214Yā panātiA:
2.1.2yā yādisā yathāyuttā yathājaccā yathānāmā yathāgottā yathāsīlā yathāvihārinī yathāgocarā therā vā navā vā majjhimā vā, esā vuccati yā panāti.whoever, of such a kind, of such activity, of such caste, of such name, of such family, of such conduct, of such behavior, of such association, who is senior, who is junior, or who is of middle standing—this is called “a”.
2.1.3BhikkhunītiNun:
2.1.4bhikkhikāti bhikkhunī;she is a nun because she lives on alms;2.1.5bhikkhācariyaṁ ajjhupagatāti bhikkhunī;a nun because she has gone over to living on alms;2.1.6bhinnapaṭadharāti bhikkhunī;a nun because she wears a patchwork cloth;2.1.7samaññāya bhikkhunī;a nun by convention;2.1.8paṭiññāya bhikkhunī;a nun on account of her claim;2.1.9ehi bhikkhunīti bhikkhunī;a “come, nun” nun;2.1.10tīhi saraṇagamanehi upasampannāti bhikkhunī;a nun given the full ordination by taking the three refuges;2.1.11bhadrā bhikkhunī;a good nun;2.1.12sārā bhikkhunī;a nun of substance;2.1.13sekhā bhikkhunī;a trainee nun;2.1.14asekhā bhikkhunī;a fully trained nun;2.1.15samaggena ubhatosaṅghena ñatticatutthena kammena akuppena ṭhānārahena upasampannāti bhikkhunī.a nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand.2.1.16Tatra yāyaṁ bhikkhunī samaggena ubhatosaṅghena ñatticatutthena kammena akuppena ṭhānārahena upasampannā, ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
2.1.17Avassutā nāmaLustful:
2.1.18sārattā apekkhavatī paṭibaddhacittā.having lust, longing for, in love with.
2.1.19Avassuto nāmaLustful:
2.1.20sāratto apekkhavā paṭibaddhacitto.having lust, longing for, in love with.
2.1.21Purisapuggalo nāmaMan:
2.1.22manussapuriso na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato viññū paṭibalo kāyasaṁsaggaṁ samāpajjituṁ.a human male, not a male spirit, not a male ghost, not a male animal. He understands and is capable of making physical contact.
2.1.23AdhakkhakantiBelow the collar bone:
2.1.24heṭṭhakkhakaṁ.down from the collar bone.
2.1.25UbbhajāṇumaṇḍalantiAbove the knees:
2.1.26uparijāṇumaṇḍalaṁ.up from the knees.
2.1.27Āmasanaṁ nāmaMaking physical contact:
2.1.28āmaṭṭhamattaṁ.making mere physical contact.
2.1.29Parāmasanaṁ nāmaTouching:
2.1.30itocito ca sañcopanaṁ.touching here and there.
2.1.31Gahaṇaṁ nāmaTaking hold of:
2.1.32gahitamattaṁ.mere taking hold of.
2.1.33Chupanaṁ nāmaContacting:
2.1.34phuṭṭhamattaṁ.mere contact.
2.1.35Paṭipīḷanaṁ vā sādiyeyyātiConsents to squeezing:
2.1.36aṅgaṁ gahetvā nippīḷanaṁ sādiyati.consents to the taking hold of a bodily part and then pressing.
2.1.37AyampītiShe too:
2.1.38purimāyo upādāya vuccati.this is said with reference to the preceding offenses entailing expulsion.
2.1.39Pārājikā hotītiIs expelled:
2.1.40seyyathāpi nāma puriso sīsacchinno abhabbo tena sarīrabandhanena jīvituṁ; evameva bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa adhakkhakaṁ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṁ āmasanaṁ vā parāmasanaṁ vā gahaṇaṁ vā chupanaṁ vā paṭipīḷanaṁ vā sādiyantī assamaṇī hoti asakyadhītā. Tena vuccati pārājikā hotīti.just as a man with his head cut off is unable to continue living by reconnecting it to the body, so too is a lustful nun who consents to a lustful man making physical contact with her, to touching her, to taking hold of her, to contacting her, or to squeezing her, anywhere below the collar bone but above the knees, not a monastic, not a daughter of the Sakyan. Therefore it is said “she is expelled.”
2.1.41AsaṁvāsātiExcluded from the community:
2.1.42saṁvāso nāma ekakammaṁ ekuddeso samasikkhatā— eso saṁvāso nāma.Community: joint legal procedures, a joint recitation, the same training—this is called “community”.2.1.43So tāya saddhiṁ natthi, tena vuccati asaṁvāsāti.She does not take part in this—therefore it is called “excluded from the community”.

2.2.0.1Permutations

2.2.0.2Both having lust: contact below the collar bone but above the knees

2.2.1Ubhatoavassute adhakkhakaṁ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti pārājikassa.Physical contact below the collar bone but above the knees, both having lust: (1) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense entailing expulsion.2.2.2Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti thullaccayassa.(2) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits a serious offense.72.2.3Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti thullaccayassa.(3) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits a serious offense.2.2.4Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.5PTS 4.215Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.6Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.7Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something released by her, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.8.0Both having lust: contact above the collar bone or below the knees

2.2.8.1Ubbhakkhakaṁ adhojāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti thullaccayassa.Physical contact above the collar bone or below the knees, both having lust: (1) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits a serious offense.2.2.9Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(2) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.10Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(3) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.11Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.12Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.13Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.14Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something released by her, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.15.0Only the nun having lust: contact below the collar bone but above the knees

2.2.15.1Ekatoavassute adhakkhakaṁ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti thullaccayassa.Physical contact below the collar bone but above the knees, only the nun having lust: (1) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits a serious offense.82.2.16Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(2) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.17Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(3) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.18Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.19Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.20Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.21Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something released by her, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.22.0Only the nun having lust: contact above the collar bone or below the knees

2.2.22.1Ubbhakkhakaṁ adhojāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.Physical contact above the collar bone or below the knees, only the nun having lust: (1) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.23Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(2) If he, with his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.24Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(3) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.25Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If he, with something connected to his own body, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.26Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.27Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something connected to her body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.28Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If he, with something released by him, makes physical contact with something released by her, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.29.0Both having lust: contact with other beings below the collar bone but above the knees

2.2.29.1Ubhatoavassute yakkhassa vā petassa vā paṇḍakassa vā tiracchānagatamanussaviggahassa vā adhakkhakaṁ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti thullaccayassa.Physical contact with a spirit, a ghost, a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>, or an animal in human form, below the collar bone but above the knees, both having lust: (1) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits a serious offense.92.2.30Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(2) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.31Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(3) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.32Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.33Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.34Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.35Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something released by them, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.36.0Both having lust: contact with other beings above the collar bone or below the knees

2.2.36.1Ubbhakkhakaṁ adhojāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.Physical contact with a spirit, a ghost, a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>, or an animal in human form, above the collar bone or below the knees, both having lust: (1) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.37Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(2) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.38Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(3) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.39Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.40Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.41Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.42Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something released by them, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.43.0Only the nun having lust: contact with other beings below the collar bone but above the knees

2.2.43.1Ekatoavassute adhakkhakaṁ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.Physical contact with a spirit, a ghost, a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>, or an animal in human form, below the collar bone but above the knees, only the nun having lust: (1) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.44Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(2) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.45Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(3) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.46Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.47Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.48Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.49Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something released by them, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.50.0Only the nun having lust: contact with other beings above the collar bone or below the knees

2.2.50.1Ubbhakkhakaṁ adhojāṇumaṇḍalaṁ kāyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.Physical contact with a spirit, a ghost, a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>, or an animal in human form, above the collar bone or below the knees, only the nun having lust: (1) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.51Kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(2) If she, with her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.52Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(3) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.53Kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(4) If she, with something connected to her own body, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.54Nissaggiyena kāyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(5) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.55Nissaggiyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(6) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something connected to their body, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.56Nissaggiyena nissaggiyaṁ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.(7) If she, with something released by her, makes physical contact with something released by them, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.3.0Non-offenses

2.3.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.3.2asañcicca,if it is unintentional; 2.3.3assatiyā,if she is not mindful; 2.3.4ajānantiyā,if she does not know; 2.3.5asādiyantiyā,if she does not consent; 2.3.6ummattikāya,if she is insane; 2.3.7khittacittāya,if she is deranged; 2.3.8vedanāṭṭāya,if she is overwhelmed by pain; 2.3.9ādikammikāyāti.if she is the first offender.

2.3.10Paṭhamapārājikaṁ samattaṁ.The fifth offense entailing expulsion is finished.10

Translator’s notes

  1. The numbering begins with five because the first four rules have been omitted. This is because these rules are almost identical to the rules entailing expulsion for the monks, the only difference being the first rule, which is worded slightly differently.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:1.1

  2. “Nunnery” renders upassaya. According to the word definition at Bu Pc 23, this includes any place where a nun stays. In other words, it spans anything from a single hut, see Bi Pc 35, to a monastery. The Jain text The Ācārāṅga-sūtra, contains a passage that describes an upassaya as including a grassy area, that is, it must have been a compound of buildings or a monastery: “A layman might, for the sake of a mendicant … cutting and clipping the grass outside or within the upāśraya (= upassaya).” See Jacobi, Hermann, trans. “Jaina Sutras Part I”. Motilal Babarsidass, 1964, p. 94.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:1.12

  3. For a discussion of the rendering “gatehouse” for koṭṭhaka, see Appendix of Technical Terms.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:1.22

  4. “Intimate with” renders dūsetuṁ. For a discussion of the meaning of dūseti, see Appendix of Technical Terms.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:1.32

  5. “Training” renders vinaya. For a discussion of this word, see Appendix of Technical Terms.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:1.52

  6. For a detailed discussion of this rule, see Appendix on Individual Bhikkhunī Rules.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:1.54.1

  7. Something connected to the body means any contact that is not skin to skin, such as contact through clothes. That touching through clothes does not count as touching body to body is supported by two of the Vinayas in Chinese translation, namely, the Dharmaguptaska Vinaya and the Sarvāstivāda Vinaya.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:2.2.2

  8. The Pali just says that, “One of them has lust”, ekatoavassute, without specifying who. However, it seems reasonable that this should refer to the nun, since it is hard to imagine she would incur an offense if her mind were pure. This supposition is supported by Sp 2.662: Ekatoavassuteti ettha kiñcāpi ekatoti avisesena vuttaṁ, tathāpi bhikkhuniyā eva avassute sati ayaṁ āpattibhedo vuttoti veditabbo, “‘One of them has lust’: here, although it is said ‘one of them’ without distinction, still it is to be understood that this offense is said to be incurred only when the nun has lust.”

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:2.2.15.1

  9. In this case, it seems implied by the genitive case ending for the various kinds of beings that it is only the nun who is making the contact. This is unexpected, since in the main rule the nun is not doing the touching, but is instead being touched. It is possible that the text here has been corrupted. For a detailed discussion of this case, see Appendix on Individual Bhikkhunī Rules.

    All the beings here must be male. This is implied by the fact that there is no offense for touching or being touched by a human female.

    For a discussion of paṇḍaka, see Appendix of Technical Terms.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:2.2.29.1

  10. The Pali says the “first offense”, but since I am including the four rules entailing expulsion that the nuns have in common with the monks, I get “fifth offense” instead. That this is the correct way of counting is confirmed by the word-commentary of the present rule, which states that the pi, “too”, of ayampi refers to the preceding pārājika rules. The equivalent adjustment is required for the next three rules entailing expulsion.

    ↩ pli-tv-bi-vb-pj5:2.3.10