- 0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
- 0.2BhikkhunivibhaṅgaThe Nuns’ Analysis
- 0.3SaṅghādisesakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing suspension
0.411. AdhikaraṇakupitasikkhāpadaAccusing nuns of acting from bias
1.0Origin story
1.1Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.1.2Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—At that time the nun Caṇḍakāḷī was angry that she had had a legal issue decided against her, saying,1.3PTS 4.238“chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, dosagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, mohagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo”ti.“The nuns are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.”
1.4Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—The nuns of few desires complained and criticized her,1.5“kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vakkhati—“How can Venerable Caṇḍakāḷī say such things just because she’s angry that she has had a legal issue decided against her?”1.6‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo …pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’”ti …pe…1.7“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—… “Is it true, monks, that the nun Caṇḍakāḷī says this because she’s angry?”1.8‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo …pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’”ti?
1.9“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”
1.10Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked her …1.11kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vakkhati—“How can the nun Caṇḍakāḷī say such things just because she’s angry that she has had a legal issue decided against her?1.12‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo …pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti.1.13Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.14evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
1.15.0Final ruling
1.15.1“Yā pana bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeyya—‘If a nun is angry because she has had a legal issue decided against her, saying,1.16‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, dosagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, mohagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti,“The nuns are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear,” 1.17sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi evamassa vacanīyā—then the nuns should correct her like this:1.18‘māyye, kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca—“Venerable, just because you’re angry that you’ve had a legal issue decided against you, don’t say,1.19chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo dosagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo mohagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyoti.‘The nuns are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.’1.20Ayyā kho chandāpi gaccheyya, dosāpi gaccheyya, mohāpi gaccheyya, bhayāpi gaccheyyā’ti.Perhaps it’s you who are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.”1.21Evañca sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyya, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya.If that nun continues as before, the nuns should press her up to three times to make her stop.1.22Yāvatatiyañce samanubhāsīyamānā taṁ paṭinissajjeyya, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;If she then stops, all is well.1.23no ce paṭinissajjeyya, ayampi bhikkhunī yāvatatiyakaṁ dhammaṁ āpannā nissāraṇīyaṁ saṅghādisesan”ti.If she does not stop, then after the third announcement that nun too has committed an offense entailing sending away and suspension.’”
2.1.0Definitions
- 2.1.1Yā panātiA:
- 2.1.2yā yādisā …pe…whoever …
- 2.1.3bhikkhunītiNun:
- 2.1.4…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
- 2.1.5Kismiñcideva adhikaraṇetiA legal issue:
- 2.1.6adhikaraṇaṁ nāma cattāri adhikaraṇāni— vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.there are four kinds of legal issues: legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, legal issues arising from business.
- 2.1.7Paccākatā nāmaDecided against:
- 2.1.8parājitā vuccati.what is meant is that she has been defeated.
- 2.1.9Kupitā anattamanātiAngry:
- 2.1.10anabhiraddhā āhatacittā khilajātā.discontent, having hatred, hostile.
- 2.1.11Evaṁ vadeyyāti—Saying:
- 2.1.12“chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo …pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo”ti.“The nuns are acting out of favoritism … and fear.”
- 2.1.13Sā bhikkhunītiHer:
- 2.1.14yā sā evaṁvādinī bhikkhunī.that nun who speaks thus.
- 2.1.15BhikkhunīhītiThe nuns:
2.1.16aññāhi bhikkhunīhi. Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā—other nuns who see it or hear about it. They should correct her like this:
2.1.17“māyye, kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca—“Venerable, just because you’re angry that you’ve had a legal issue decided against you, don’t say,2.1.18‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo …pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti.‘The nuns are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.’2.1.19Ayyā kho chandāpi gaccheyya …pe… bhayāpi gaccheyyā”ti.Perhaps it’s you who are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.”
2.1.20Dutiyampi vattabbā.And they should correct her a second2.1.21Tatiyampi vattabbā.and a third time.2.1.22Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;If she stops, all is well.2.1.23no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.1.24Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If those who hear about it do not say anything, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.
2.1.25Sā bhikkhunī saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā—That nun, even if she has to be pulled into the Sangha, should be corrected like this:
2.1.26“māyye, kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca—“Venerable, just because you’re angry that you’ve had a legal issue decided against you, don’t say,2.1.27‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo …pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’ti.‘The nuns are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.’2.1.28Ayyā kho chandāpi gaccheyya …pe… bhayāpi gaccheyyā”ti.Perhaps it’s you who are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.”
2.1.29Dutiyampi vattabbā.They should correct her a second2.1.30Tatiyampi vattabbā.and a third time.2.1.31Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;If she stops, all is well.2.1.32no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
- 2.1.33Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā.Should press her:
2.1.34“Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā.“And, monks, she should be pressed like this.2.1.35Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo—A competent and capable nun should inform the Sangha:
2.1.36‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The nun so-and-so, because she’s angry that she has had a legal issue decided against her, says this: 2.1.37“chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo… pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo”ti.“The nuns are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.”2.1.38Sā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati.And she keeps on saying it.2.1.39Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.If the Sangha is ready, it should press the nun so-and-so to make her stop.2.1.40Esā ñatti.This is the motion.
2.1.41Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho.Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.2.1.42Ayaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—The nun so-and-so, because she’s angry that she has had a legal issue decided against her, says this:2.1.43“chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo …pe… bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo”ti.“The nuns are acting out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, and fear.”2.1.44Sā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati.And she keeps on saying it.2.1.45Saṅgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.The Sangha presses the nun so-and-so to make her stop.2.1.46Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa;Any nun who approves of pressing the nun so-and-so to make her stop should remain silent.2.1.47yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.Any nun who doesn’t approve should speak up.
2.1.48Dutiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi …pe…For the second time, I speak on this matter. …2.1.49tatiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi …pe….For the third time, I speak on this matter. …
2.1.50Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.The Sangha has pressed the nun so-and-so to make her stop.2.1.51Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī’”ti.The Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I will remember it thus.’”
2.1.52Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ.After the motion, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.12.1.53Dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā.After each of the first two announcements, she commits a serious offense.2.1.54Kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.When the last announcement is finished, she commits an offense entailing suspension.2.1.55Saṅghādisesaṁ ajjhāpajjantiyā ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ.For one who commits the offense entailing suspension, the offense of wrong conduct2.1.56Dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti.and the serious offenses are annulled.
- 2.1.57AyampītiThat too:
- 2.1.58purimāyo upādāya vuccati.this is said with reference to the preceding offenses.
- 2.1.59YāvatatiyakantiAfter the third announcement:
- 2.1.60yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya āpajjati, na saha vatthujjhācārā.there is an offense when she has been pressed for the third time, not as soon as the misconduct has been committed.
- 2.1.61NissāraṇīyantiEntailing sending away:
- 2.1.62saṅghamhā nissārīyati.she is sent away from the Sangha.
- 2.1.63SaṅghādisesotiSuspension:
- 2.1.64…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti.… Therefore, too, it is called an offense entailing suspension.
2.2.0Permutations
2.2.1Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.If it is a legitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension.2.2.2Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension.2.2.3Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as illegitimate, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension.
2.2.4Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as legitimate, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.5Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.6Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
2.3.0Non-offenses
2.3.1PTS 4.239Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.3.2asamanubhāsantiyā,if she has not been pressed; 2.3.3paṭinissajjantiyā,if she stops; 2.3.4ummattikāya,if she is insane; 2.3.5ādikammikāyāti.if she is the first offender.
2.3.6Aṭṭhamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.The eleventh offense entailing suspension is finished.