0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
0.2MahāvibhaṅgaThe Great Analysis
0.3PācittiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing confession
0.4BhūtagāmavaggaThe subchapter on plants

0.519. MahallakavihārasikkhāpadaApplying excessive materials to a large dwelling

1.0Origin story

1.1PTS 4.47Tena samayena buddho bhagavā kosambiyaṁ viharati ghositārāme.At one time when the Buddha was staying at Kosambī in Ghosita’s Monastery,1.2Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato channassa upaṭṭhāko mahāmatto āyasmato channassa vihāraṁ kārāpeti.a government official who was Venerable Channa’s supporter was making him a dwelling.1.3Atha kho āyasmā channo katapariyositaṁ vihāraṁ punappunaṁ chādāpeti, punappunaṁ lepāpeti.When the dwelling was finished, Channa had it roofed and plastered over and over.1.4Atibhārito vihāro paripati.Being overloaded, the dwelling collapsed.1.5Atha kho āyasmā channo tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca saṅkaḍḍhanto aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa yavakhettaṁ dūsesi.Then, while collecting grass and sticks, Channa spoiled the barley field belonging to a certain brahmin.1.6Atha kho so brāhmaṇo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—That brahmin complained and criticized him,1.7“kathañhi nāma bhadantā amhākaṁ yavakhettaṁ dūsessantī”ti.“How can the venerables spoil my barley field?”

1.8Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tassa brāhmaṇassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa.The monks heard the complaints of that brahmin,1.9Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—and the monks of few desires complained and criticized Channa,1.10“kathañhi nāma āyasmā channo katapariyositaṁ vihāraṁ punappunaṁ chādāpessati, punappunaṁ lepāpessati, atibhārito vihāro paripatī”ti.“How could Venerable Channa have a finished dwelling roofed and plastered over and over until it collapsed from overloading?”

1.11Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ channaṁ anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…After rebuking him in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned Channa:1.12“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, channa, katapariyositaṁ vihāraṁ punappunaṁ chādāpesi, punappunaṁ lepāpesi, atibhārito vihāro paripatī”ti?“Is it true, Channa, that you did this?”

1.13“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”

1.14Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked him …1.15kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, katapariyositaṁ vihāraṁ punappunaṁ chādāpessasi, punappunaṁ lepāpessasi, atibhārito vihāro paripati.“Foolish man, how could you do this?1.16Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.17evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

1.18.0Final ruling

1.18.1“Mahallakaṁ pana bhikkhunā vihāraṁ kārayamānena yāva dvārakosā aggaḷaṭṭhapanāya ālokasandhiparikammāya dvatticchadanassa pariyāyaṁ appaharite ṭhitena adhiṭṭhātabbaṁ. Tato ce uttari appaharitepi ṭhito adhiṭṭhaheyya pācittiyan”ti.‘When a monk is building a large dwelling, then standing where there are no cultivated plants, he may apply two or three layers of roofing material, taking it as far as the doorcase and using it for fixing the door and for treating the window openings. If he applies more than that, even if he stands where there are no cultivated plants, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

2.1.0Definitions

2.1.1Mahallako nāma vihāroA large dwelling:: 2.1.2sassāmiko vuccati.one with an owner is what is meant.
2.1.3Vihāro nāmaA dwelling:: 2.1.4ullitto vā hoti avalitto vā ullittāvalitto vā.plastered inside or plastered outside or plastered both inside and outside.
2.1.5KārayamānenātiIs building:: 2.1.6karonto vā kārāpento vā.building it himself or having it built.
2.1.7Yāva dvārakosātiAs far as the doorcase:: 2.1.8piṭṭhasaṅghāṭassa samantā hatthapāsā.a distance of an arm’s reach next to the door frame.
2.1.9AggaḷaṭṭhapanāyātiFor fixing the door:¹: 2.1.10dvāraṭṭhapanāya.for the fixing of the door.
2.1.11ĀlokasandhiparikammāyātiFor treating the window openings:: 2.1.12vātapānaparikammāya setavaṇṇaṁ kāḷavaṇṇaṁ gerukaparikammaṁ mālākammaṁ latākammaṁ makaradantakaṁ pañcapaṭikaṁ.for treating the window openings there is white color, black color, and treating with red ocher; and there is making a garland pattern, a creeper pattern, a shark-teeth pattern, and the fivefold pattern.²
2.1.13PTS 4.48Dvatticchadanassa pariyāyaṁ appaharite ṭhitena adhiṭṭhātabbanti—Standing where there are no cultivated plants, he may apply two or three layers of roofing material:: 2.1.14haritaṁ nāma pubbaṇṇaṁ aparaṇṇaṁ.cultivated plants: grain and vegetables;2.1.15Sace harite ṭhito adhiṭṭhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.if he applies it while standing where there are cultivated plants, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.1.16Maggena chādentassa dve magge adhiṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṁ maggaṁ āṇāpetvā pakkamitabbaṁ.For someone covering by the line, after covering with two layers, he may ask for a third layer, and he should then leave.³2.1.17Pariyāyena chādentassa dve pariyāye adhiṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṁ pariyāyaṁ āṇāpetvā pakkamitabbaṁ.For someone covering by the layer, after covering with two layers, he may ask for a third layer, and he should then leave.⁴
2.1.18Tato ce uttari appaharitepi ṭhito adhiṭṭhaheyyātiIf he applies more than that, even if he stands where there are no cultivated plants:: 2.1.19iṭṭhakāya chādentassa iṭṭhakiṭṭhakāya āpatti pācittiyassa.if he is covering with bricks, then for every brick, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.1.20Silāya chādentassa silāya silāya āpatti pācittiyassa.If he is covering with slate, then for every piece of slate, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.1.21Sudhāya chādentassa piṇḍe piṇḍe āpatti pācittiyassa.If he is covering with plaster, then for every lump, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.1.22Tiṇena chādentassa karaḷe karaḷe āpatti pācittiyassa.If he is covering with grass, then for every handful, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.1.23Paṇṇena chādentassa paṇṇe paṇṇe āpatti pācittiyassa.If he is covering with leaves, then for every leaf, he commits an offense entailing confession.

2.2.0Permutations

2.2.1Atirekadvattipariyāye atirekasaññī adhiṭṭhāti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is more than two or three layers, and he perceives it as more, and he applies it, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.2Atirekadvattipariyāye vematiko adhiṭṭhāti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is more than two or three layers, but he is unsure of it, and he applies it, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.3Atirekadvattipariyāye ūnakasaññī adhiṭṭhāti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is more than two or three layers, but he perceives it as less, and he applies it, he commits an offense entailing confession.

2.2.4Ūnakadvattipariyāye atirekasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is less than two or three layers, but he perceives it as more, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.5Ūnakadvattipariyāye vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is less than two or three layers, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.6Ūnakadvattipariyāye ūnakasaññī, anāpatti.If it is less than two or three layers, and he perceives it as less, there is no offense.

2.3.0Non-offenses

2.3.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.3.2dvattipariyāye,if he applies two or three layers;2.3.3ūnakadvattipariyāye,if he applies less than two or three layers;2.3.4leṇe,if it is a shelter;2.3.5guhāya,if it is a cave;⁵2.3.6tiṇakuṭikāya,if it is a grass hut;2.3.7aññassatthāya,if it is for the benefit of someone else;2.3.8attano dhanena,if it is by means of his own property;2.3.9vāsāgāraṁ ṭhapetvā sabbattha anāpatti,if it is anything apart from a dwelling;2.3.10ummattakassa,if he is insane;2.3.11ādikammikassāti.if he is the first offender.

2.3.12Mahallakavihārasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.The training rule on applying excessive materials to a large dwelling, the ninth, is finished.

19. Applying excessive materials to a large dwelling