0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
0.2MahāvibhaṅgaThe Great Analysis
0.3PācittiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing confession
0.4AcelakavaggaThe subchapter on naked ascetics

0.541. AcelakasikkhāpadaGiving food to non-Buddhist monastics

1.1.0Origin story

1.1.1PTS 4.91Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ.At one time when the Buddha was staying in the house with the peaked roof in the Great Wood near Vesālī,1.1.2Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa khādanīyaṁ ussannaṁ hoti.the Sangha had an abundance of fresh food.1.1.3Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi. “Tenahānanda, vighāsādānaṁ pūvaṁ dehī”ti.Venerable Ānanda told the Buddha, who said, “Well then, Ānanda, give the cookies to those who take leftovers.”

1.1.4“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissuṇitvā vighāsāde paṭipāṭiyā nisīdāpetvā ekekaṁ pūvaṁ dento aññatarissā paribbājikāya ekaṁ maññamāno dve pūve adāsi.“Yes, sir.” Ānanda had them sit in a row and gave them one cookie each, until he accidentally gave two to a female wanderer.1.1.5Sāmantā paribbājikāyo taṁ paribbājikaṁ etadavocuṁ—“jāro te eso samaṇo”ti.The female wanderers sitting next to her said to her, “This monastic is your lover.”

1.1.6“Na me so samaṇo jāro, ekaṁ maññamāno dve pūve adāsī”ti.“He’s not. He gave me two, thinking they were one.”

1.1.7Dutiyampi kho …pe…And a second time …1.1.8tatiyampi kho āyasmā ānando ekekaṁ pūvaṁ dento tassāyeva paribbājikāya ekaṁ maññamāno dve pūve adāsi.And a third time Ānanda gave them one cookie each, until he accidentally gave two to that same female wanderer.1.1.9Sāmantā paribbājikāyo taṁ paribbājikaṁ etadavocuṁ—“jāro te eso samaṇo”ti.Once again the female wanderers sitting next to her said to her, “This monastic is your lover.”

1.1.10“Na me so samaṇo jāro, ekaṁ maññamāno dve pūve adāsī”ti.“He’s not. He gave me two, thinking they were one.”

1.1.11“Jāro na jāro”ti bhaṇḍiṁsu.And they started to argue about whether or not they were lovers.

1.2.1Aññataropi ājīvako parivesanaṁ agamāsi.A certain Ājīvaka ascetic, too, went to that distribution of food.1.2.2Aññataro bhikkhu pahūtena sappinā odanaṁ madditvā tassa ājīvakassa mahantaṁ piṇḍaṁ adāsi.A monk mixed rice with a large amount of ghee and gave him a large lump.1.2.3Atha kho so ājīvako taṁ piṇḍaṁ ādāya agamāsi.He took it and left.1.2.4Aññataro ājīvako taṁ ājīvakaṁ etadavoca—“kuto tayā, āvuso, piṇḍo laddho”ti?Another Ājīvaka asked him, “Where did you get that lump?”

1.2.5“Tassāvuso, samaṇassa gotamassa muṇḍagahapatikassa parivesanāya laddho”ti.“From the food distribution of the ascetic Gotama, that shaven-headed householder.”

1.2.6PTS 4.92Assosuṁ kho upāsakā tesaṁ ājīvakānaṁ imaṁ kathāsallāpaṁ.Some lay followers overheard that conversation between those Ājīvaka ascetics.1.2.7Atha kho te upāsakā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te upāsakā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—They then went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down, and said,1.2.8“ime, bhante, titthiyā avaṇṇakāmā buddhassa avaṇṇakāmā dhammassa avaṇṇakāmā saṅghassa.“Sir, these monastics of other religions want to disparage the Buddha, the Teaching, and the Sangha.1.2.9Sādhu, bhante, ayyā titthiyānaṁ sahatthā na dadeyyun”ti.It would be good if the monks didn’t personally give anything to the monastics of other religions.”

1.2.10Atha kho bhagavā te upāsake dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṁsesi. Atha kho te upāsakā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṁsitā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkamiṁsu.After the Buddha had instructed, inspired, and gladdened those lay followers with a teaching, they got up from their seats, bowed down, circumambulated him with their right sides toward him, and left.1.2.11Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:1.2.12“tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññapessāmi dasa atthavase paṭicca—“Well then, monks, I will lay down a training rule for the following ten reasons:1.2.13saṅghasuṭṭhutāya, saṅghaphāsutāya …pe… saddhammaṭṭhitiyā, vinayānuggahāya.for the well-being of the Sangha, for the comfort of the Sangha, for the restraint of bad people, for the ease of good monks, for the restraint of the corruptions relating to the present life, for the restraint of the corruptions relating to future lives, to give rise to confidence in those without it, to increase the confidence of those who have it, for the longevity of the true Teaching, and for supporting the training.1.2.14Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

1.2.15.0Final ruling

1.2.15.1“Yo pana bhikkhu acelakassa vā paribbājakassa vā paribbājikāya vā sahatthā khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā dadeyya, pācittiyan”ti.‘If a monk personally gives fresh or cooked food to a naked ascetic, to a male wanderer, or to a female wanderer, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

2.1.0Definitions

2.1.1Yo panātiA:: 2.1.2yo yādiso …pe…whoever …
2.1.3bhikkhūtiMonk:: 2.1.4…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
2.1.5Acelako nāmaA naked ascetic:: 2.1.6yo koci paribbājakasamāpanno naggo.any wanderer who is naked.
2.1.7Paribbājako nāmaA male wanderer:: 2.1.8bhikkhuñca sāmaṇerañca ṭhapetvā yo koci paribbājakasamāpanno.any male wanderer apart from Buddhist monks and novice monks.
2.1.9Paribbājikā nāmaA female wanderer:: 2.1.10bhikkhuniñca sikkhamānañca sāmaṇeriñca ṭhapetvā yā kāci paribbājikasamāpannā.any female wanderer apart from Buddhist nuns, trainee nuns, and novice nuns.
2.1.11Khādanīyaṁ nāmaFresh food:: 2.1.12pañca bhojanāni—udakadantaponaṁ ṭhapetvā avasesaṁ khādanīyaṁ nāma.apart from the five cooked foods, water, and tooth cleaners, the rest is called “fresh food”.
2.1.13Bhojanīyaṁ nāmaCooked food:: 2.1.14pañca bhojanāni—odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṁsaṁ.there are five kinds of cooked food: cooked grain, porridge, flour products, fish, and meat.
2.1.15DadeyyātiGives:: 2.1.16kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vā deti, āpatti pācittiyassa.if he gives by body or by what is connected to the body or by releasing, he commits an offense entailing confession.

2.2.0Permutations

2.2.1Titthiye titthiyasaññī sahatthā khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā deti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is a monastic of another religion, and he perceives them as such, and he personally gives them fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.2Titthiye vematiko sahatthā khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā deti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is a monastic of another religion, but he is unsure of it, and he personally gives them fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.3Titthiye atitthiyasaññī sahatthā khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā deti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is a monastic of another religion, but he does not perceive them as such, and he personally gives them fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.

2.2.4Udakadantaponaṁ deti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If he gives water or a tooth cleaner, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.5Atitthiye titthiyasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is not a monastic of another religion, but he perceives them as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.6Atitthiye vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is not a monastic of another religion, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.7Atitthiye atitthiyasaññī, anāpatti.If it is not a monastic of another religion, and he does not perceive them as such, there is no offense.

2.3.0Non-offenses

2.3.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.3.2dāpeti na deti,if he does not give, but has it given;2.3.3upanikkhipitvā deti,if he gives by placing it near the person;2.3.4bāhirālepaṁ deti,if he gives ointments for external use;2.3.5ummattakassa,if he is insane;2.3.6ādikammikassāti.if he is the first offender.

2.3.7Acelakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ paṭhamaṁ.The training rule on giving food to non-Buddhist monastics, the first, is finished.