- 0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
- 0.2MahāvibhaṅgaThe Great Analysis
- 0.3PācittiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing confession
- 0.4AcelakavaggaThe subchapter on naked ascetics
0.548. UyyuttasenāsikkhāpadaGoing to see a mobilized army
1.0.1Origin story
1.0.2First substory
1.1Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.On one occasion when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,1.2Tena kho pana samayena rājā pasenadi kosalo senāya abbhuyyāto hoti.King Pasenadi of Kosala was marching out with the army,1.3Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya agamaṁsu.and the monks from the group of six went to see it.1.4Addasā kho rājā pasenadi kosalo chabbaggiye bhikkhū dūratova āgacchante.When King Pasenadi saw the monks coming,1.5Disvāna pakkosāpetvā etadavoca—he summoned them and said,1.6“kissa tumhe, bhante, āgatatthā”ti?“Venerables, why have you come here?”
1.7“Mahārājānaṁ mayaṁ daṭṭhukāmā”ti.“We wish to see the great king.”
1.8“Kiṁ, bhante, maṁ diṭṭhena yuddhābhinandinaṁ;“What’s the use of seeing me finding pleasure in battle?1.9nanu bhagavā passitabbo”ti?Shouldn’t you see the Buddha?”
1.10Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—And people complained and criticized them,1.11“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya āgacchissanti.“How can the Sakyan monastics go to see the army?1.12Amhākampi alābhā, amhākampi dulladdhaṁ, ye mayaṁ ājīvassa hetu puttadārassa kāraṇā senāya āgacchāmā”ti.It’s our misfortune that we must go out with the army for the sake of our livelihoods and because of our wives and children.”
1.13Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.The monks heard the complaints of those people,1.14Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks,1.15“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya gacchissantī”ti …pe…“How could the monks from the group of six go to see the army?” …1.16“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya gacchathā”ti?“Is it true, monks, that you did this?”
1.17“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”
1.18Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked them …1.19kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya gacchissatha.“Foolish men, how could you do this?1.20Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.21evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
1.22.0Preliminary ruling
1.22.1“Yo pana bhikkhu uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya gaccheyya, pācittiyan”ti.‘If a monk goes to see an army, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”
1.23Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.
2.0Second substory
2.1PTS 4.105Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno mātulo senāya gilāno hoti.Soon afterwards a certain monk had a sick uncle in the army.2.2So tassa bhikkhuno santike dūtaṁ pāhesi—The uncle sent a message to that monk:2.3“ahañhi senāya gilāno.“I’m with the army and I’m sick.2.4Āgacchatu bhadanto.Please come, venerable.2.5Icchāmi bhadantassa āgatan”ti.I want you to come.”
2.6Atha kho tassa bhikkhuno etadahosi—“bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ—‘na uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya gantabban’ti.Knowing that the Buddha had laid down a rule against going to see an army, that monk thought,2.7Ayañca me mātulo senāya gilāno.“I have a sick uncle in the army.2.8Kathaṁ nu kho mayā paṭipajjitabban”ti?What should I do now?”2.9Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi.And he told the Buddha.2.10Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:
2.11“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tathārūpappaccayā senāya gantuṁ.“Monks, I allow you to go to the army when there’s a suitable reason.
2.12Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
2.13.0Final ruling
2.13.1“Yo pana bhikkhu uyyuttaṁ senaṁ dassanāya gaccheyya, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, pācittiyan”ti.‘If a monk goes to see an army, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”1
3.1.0Definitions
- 3.1.1Yo panātiA:
- 3.1.2yo yādiso …pe…whoever …
- 3.1.3bhikkhūtiMonk:
- 3.1.4…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
- 3.1.5Uyyuttā nāma senāAn army:
- 3.1.6gāmato nikkhamitvā niviṭṭhā vā hoti payātā vā.it has left the inhabited area and is either encamped or marching.
- 3.1.7Senā nāmaAn army:
- 3.1.8hatthī assā rathā pattī.elephants, horses, chariots, infantry.3.1.9Dvādasapuriso hatthī, tipuriso asso, catupuriso ratho, cattāro purisā sarahatthā patti.An elephant has twelve men; a horse has three men; a chariot has four men; an infantry unit has four men with arrows in hand.
3.1.10Dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If he is on his way to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.3.1.11Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense entailing confession.3.1.12Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense entailing confession.
3.2.0Permutations
3.2.1Uyyutte uyyuttasaññī dassanāya gacchati, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is an army, and he perceives it as such, and he goes to see it, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.3.2.2Uyyutte vematiko dassanāya gacchati, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is an army, but he is unsure of it, and he goes to see it, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.3.2.3Uyyutte anuyyuttasaññī dassanāya gacchati, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it is an army, but he does not perceive it as such, and he goes to see it, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.
3.2.4Ekamekaṁ dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If he is on his way to see one division of a fourfold army, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.3.2.5Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.3.2.6Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
3.2.7Anuyyutte uyyuttasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is not an army, but he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.3.2.8Anuyyutte vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is not an army, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.3.2.9Anuyyutte anuyyuttasaññī, anāpatti.If it is not an army, and he does not perceive it as such, there is no offense.
3.3.0Non-offenses
3.3.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:3.3.2ārāme ṭhito passati,if he sees it while standing in a monastery;3.3.3bhikkhussa ṭhitokāsaṁ vā nisinnokāsaṁ vā nipannokāsaṁ vā āgacchati,if the army comes to where the monk is standing, sitting, or lying down;3.3.4paṭipathaṁ gacchanto passati,if he sees it while walking in the opposite direction;3.3.5tathārūpappaccayā,if he has a suitable reason;3.3.6āpadāsu,if there is an emergency;3.3.7ummattakassa,if he is insane;3.3.8ādikammikassāti.if he is the first offender.
3.3.9Uyyuttasenāsikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ aṭṭhamaṁ.The training rule on going to see a mobilized army, the eighth, is finished.