0.4The first section for recitation

0.51.1 Chasakyapabbajjākathā1. The account of the going forth of the six Sakyans

1.1.1PTS 2.180Tena samayena buddho bhagavā anupiyāyaṁ viharati, anupiyaṁ nāma mallānaṁ nigamo.At one time the Buddha was staying at the Mallian town of Anupiyā.1.1.2Tena kho pana samayena abhiññātā abhiññātā sakyakumārā bhagavantaṁ pabbajitaṁ anupabbajanti.At that time a number of well-known young Sakyans had followed the Buddha in going forth.

1.1.3Tena kho pana samayena mahānāmo ca sakko anuruddho ca sakko dvebhātikā honti.Then there were the brothers Mahānāma and Anuruddha.1.1.4Anuruddho sakko sukhumālo hoti.Anuruddha had been brought up in great comfort.1.1.5Tassa tayo pāsādā honti—He had three stilt houses:¹1.1.6eko hemantiko, eko gimhiko, eko vassiko.one for the winter, one for the summer, and one for the rainy season.1.1.7So vassike pāsāde cattāro māse nippurisehi tūriyehi paricārayamāno na heṭṭhāpāsādaṁ orohati.He spent the four months of the rainy season in the rainy-season house, attended on only by female musicians, never descending from that house.

1.1.8Atha kho mahānāmassa sakkassa etadahosi—Mahānāma thought,1.1.9“etarahi kho abhiññātā abhiññātā sakyakumārā bhagavantaṁ pabbajitaṁ anupabbajanti.“A number of well-known young Sakyans have just followed the Buddha in going forth,1.1.10Amhākañca pana kulā natthi koci agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito.but no one from our household.1.1.11Yannūnāhaṁ vā pabbajeyyaṁ, anuruddho vā”ti.Why doesn’t Anuruddha or I go forth?”1.1.12Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena anuruddho sakko tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā anuruddhaṁ sakkaṁ etadavoca—He then went to Anuruddha and told him what he had thought.1.1.13“etarahi, tāta anuruddha, abhiññātā abhiññātā sakyakumārā bhagavantaṁ pabbajitaṁ anupabbajanti.1.1.14Amhākañca pana kulā natthi koci agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito.1.1.15Tena hi tvaṁ vā pabbaja, ahaṁ vā pabbajissāmī”ti.1.1.16“Ahaṁ kho sukhumālo, nāhaṁ sakkomi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajituṁ.Anuruddha replied, “I’ve been brought up in great comfort. I’m not able to go forth.1.1.17Tvaṁ pabbajāhī”ti.You go forth.”

1.2.1“Ehi kho te, tāta anuruddha, gharāvāsatthaṁ anusāsissāmi.“Come, then, let me teach you how to run the family business.1.2.2Paṭhamaṁ khettaṁ kasāpetabbaṁ.First you must plow the fields,1.2.3Kasāpetvā vapāpetabbaṁ.then sow the seeds,1.2.4Vapāpetvā udakaṁ abhinetabbaṁ.irrigate,1.2.5Udakaṁ abhinetvā udakaṁ ninnetabbaṁ.and drain,1.2.6Udakaṁ ninnetvā niddhāpetabbaṁ.and then weed.1.2.7Niddhāpetvā lavāpetabbaṁ.Next you must cut the harvest,1.2.8Lavāpetvā ubbāhāpetabbaṁ.gather it together,1.2.9Ubbāhāpetvā puñjaṁ kārāpetabbaṁ.and make sheaves.²1.2.10Puñjaṁ kārāpetvā maddāpetabbaṁ.You must then thresh it,1.2.11Maddāpetvā palālāni uddharāpetabbāni.remove the straw1.2.12PTS 2.181Palālāni uddharāpetvā bhusikā uddharāpetabbā.and husk,1.2.13Bhusikaṁ uddharāpetvā opunāpetabbaṁ.and then winnow it1.2.14Opunāpetvā atiharāpetabbaṁ.before you bring it into storage.1.2.15Atiharāpetvā āyatimpi vassaṁ evameva kātabbaṁ, āyatimpi vassaṁ evameva kātabban”ti.And next year you must do the same, and the next.”

1.2.16“Na kammā khīyanti?“But when does the work stop?1.2.17Na kammānaṁ anto paññāyati?I can’t see any end to it.1.2.18Kadā kammā khīyissanti?1.2.19Kadā kammānaṁ anto paññāyissati?1.2.20Kadā mayaṁ appossukkā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricāressāmā”ti?When can you enjoy yourself with worldly pleasures, free from bother?”

1.2.21“Na hi, tāta anuruddha, kammā khīyanti.“The work doesn’t stop1.2.22Na kammānaṁ anto paññāyati.and you won’t see any end to it.1.2.23Akhīṇeva kamme pitaro ca pitāmahā ca kālaṅkatā”ti.While the work was still unfinished, our fathers and grandfathers have all died.”

1.2.24“Tena hi tvaññeva gharāvāsatthena upajānāhi.“Well then, you go ahead and run the family business.³1.2.25Ahaṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissāmī”ti.I’ll go forth into homelessness.”

1.2.26Atha kho anuruddho sakko yena mātā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā mātaraṁ etadavoca—Anuruddha then went to his mother and said,1.2.27“icchāmahaṁ, amma, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajituṁ.“Mom, I wish to go forth into homelessness.1.2.28Anujānāhi maṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti.Please allow me.”1.2.29Evaṁ vutte, anuruddhassa sakkassa mātā anuruddhaṁ sakkaṁ etadavoca—

1.2.30“tumhe kho me, tāta anuruddha, dve puttā piyā manāpā appaṭikūlā.“Both of you, Anuruddha, my two sons, are dear and beloved to me.1.2.31Maraṇenapi vo akāmakā vinā bhavissāmi.Even if you died, I would lose you against my wishes.1.2.32Kiṁ panāhaṁ tumhe jīvante anujānissāmi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti?So how can I allow you to go forth into homelessness while you’re still living?”

1.2.33Dutiyampi kho …pe…A second time Anuruddha asked the same question and got the same reply.1.2.34tatiyampi kho anuruddho sakko mātaraṁ etadavoca—He then asked a third time.1.2.35“icchāmahaṁ, amma, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajituṁ.1.2.36Anujānāhi maṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajjāyā”ti.

1.3.1Tena kho pana samayena bhaddiyo sakyarājā sakyānaṁ rajjaṁ kāreti.At that time the Sakyans were ruled by King Bhaddiya,1.3.2So ca anuruddhassa sakkassa sahāyo hoti.a friend of Anuruddha’s.1.3.3Atha kho anuruddhassa sakkassa mātā—Anuruddha’s mother considered this1.3.4“ayaṁ kho bhaddiyo sakyarājā sakyānaṁ rajjaṁ kāreti;1.3.5anuruddhassa sakkassa sahāyo;1.3.6so na ussahati agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitun”ti—and thought, “Bhaddiya won’t be able to go forth into homelessness.”1.3.7anuruddhaṁ sakkaṁ etadavoca—And she said to Anuruddha,1.3.8“sace, tāta anuruddha, bhaddiyo sakyarājā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, evaṁ tvampi pabbajāhī”ti.“If King Bhaddiya goes forth, you may go forth too.”

1.3.9Atha kho anuruddho sakko yena bhaddiyo sakyarājā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhaddiyaṁ sakyarājānaṁ etadavoca—Anuruddha then went to King Bhaddiya and said,1.3.10“mama kho, samma, pabbajjā tava paṭibaddhā”ti.“My going forth depends on yours.”

1.3.11“Sace te, samma, pabbajjā mama paṭibaddhā vā appaṭibaddhā vā sā hotu, ahaṁ tayā;“Don’t worry about whether your going forth depends on mine or not. I’m with you.1.3.12yathā sukhaṁ pabbajāhī”ti.Just go forth when you like.”

1.3.13“Ehi, samma, ubho agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissāmā”ti.“Come, let’s go forth together.”

1.3.14“Nāhaṁ, samma, sakkomi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitunti.“I’m not able to go forth.1.3.15PTS 2.182Yaṁ te sakkā aññaṁ mayā kātuṁ, kyāhaṁ karissāmi.I’m not able to do what you do. There’s nothing I can do about it.1.3.16Tvaṁ pabbajāhī”ti.You go forth.”

1.3.17“Mātā kho maṁ, samma, evamāha—“My mother told me1.3.18‘sace, tāta anuruddha, bhaddiyo sakyarājā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajati, evaṁ tvampi pabbajāhī’”ti.that I may go forth only if you go forth.1.3.19“Bhāsitā kho pana te, samma, esā vācā.And then you said,1.3.20Sace te, samma, pabbajjā mama paṭibaddhā vā, appaṭibaddhā vā sā hotu, ahaṁ tayā;‘Don’t worry about whether your going forth depends on mine or not. I’m with you.1.3.21yathā sukhaṁ pabbajāhī”ti.Just go forth when you like.’1.3.22“Ehi, samma, ubho agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissāmā”ti.So come, let’s go forth together.”

1.3.23Tena kho pana samayena manussā saccavādino honti, saccapaṭiññā.At that time people spoke the truth,1.3.24Atha kho bhaddiyo sakyarājā anuruddhaṁ sakkaṁ etadavoca—and so Bhaddiya said to Anuruddha,1.3.25“āgamehi, samma, sattavassāni.“Please wait seven years.1.3.26Sattannaṁ vassānaṁ accayena ubho agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissāmā”ti.Then we’ll go forth together.”

1.3.27“Aticiraṁ, samma, sattavassāni.“That’s too long.1.3.28Nāhaṁ sakkomi sattavassāni āgametun”ti.I’m not able to wait for seven years.”

1.3.29“Āgamehi, samma, chavassāni …pe…“Then wait six years …1.3.30pañcavassāni …five years …1.3.31cattāri vassāni …four years …1.3.32tīṇi vassāni …three years …1.3.33dve vassāni …two years …1.3.34ekaṁ vassaṁ.one year,1.3.35Ekassa vassassa accayena ubho agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissāmā”ti.and we’ll go forth together.”

1.3.36“Aticiraṁ, samma, ekavassaṁ.“That’s too long.1.3.37Nāhaṁ sakkomi ekaṁ vassaṁ āgametun”ti.I’m not able to wait for one year.”

1.3.38“Āgamehi, samma, sattamāse.“Then wait seven months,1.3.39Sattannaṁ māsānaṁ accayena ubhopi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissāmā”ti.and we’ll go forth together.”

1.3.40“Aticiraṁ, samma, sattamāsā.“That’s too long.1.3.41Nāhaṁ sakkomi sattamāse āgametun”ti.I’m not able to wait for seven months.”

1.3.42“Āgamehi, samma, cha māse …pe…“Then wait six months …1.3.43pañca māse …five months …1.3.44cattāro māse …four months …1.3.45tayo māse …three months …1.3.46dve māse …two months …1.3.47ekaṁ māsaṁ …one month …1.3.48aḍḍhamāsaṁ.half a month,1.3.49Aḍḍhamāsassa accayena ubhopi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissāmā”ti.and we’ll go forth together.”

1.3.50“Aticiraṁ, samma, aḍḍhamāso.“That’s too long.1.3.51Nāhaṁ sakkomi aḍḍhamāsaṁ āgametun”ti.I’m not able to wait for half a month.”

1.3.52“Āgamehi, samma, sattāhaṁ yāvāhaṁ putte ca bhātaro ca rajjaṁ niyyādemī”ti.“Then wait seven days, while I hand over the rulership to my sons and brothers.”

1.3.53“Na ciraṁ, samma, sattāho, āgamessāmī”ti.“Seven days isn’t long. I’ll wait.”

1.4.1Atha kho bhaddiyo ca sakyarājā anuruddho ca ānando ca bhagu ca kimilo ca devadatto ca, upālikappakena sattamā, yathā pure caturaṅginiyā senāya uyyānabhūmiṁ niyyanti, evameva caturaṅginiyā senāya niyyiṁsu.Soon afterwards King Bhaddiya, Anuruddha, Ānanda, Bhagu, Kimila, and Devadatta, with the barber Upāli as the seventh, went out to the park with the fourfold army, just as they had in the past.1.4.2Te dūraṁ gantvā senaṁ nivattāpetvā paravisayaṁ okkamitvā ābharaṇaṁ omuñcitvā uttarāsaṅgena bhaṇḍikaṁ bandhitvā upāliṁ kappakaṁ etadavocuṁ—After going a good distance, they turned back the army. They then entered a foreign territory, removed their ornaments, bound them into a bundle with an upper robe, and said to Upāli,1.4.3“handa, bhaṇe upāli, nivattassu;“Now turn back, Upāli.1.4.4alaṁ te ettakaṁ jīvikāyā”ti.This is enough for you to live on.”1.4.5Atha kho upālissa kappakassa nivattantassa etadahosi—As Upāli was returning, he thought,1.4.6“caṇḍā kho sākiyā;“The Sakyans are temperamental.1.4.7iminā kumārā nippātitāti ghātāpeyyumpi maṁ.They may think that I’m responsible for the departure of these young men and have me executed.1.4.8Ime hi nāma sakyakumārā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissanti.Now, if these young Sakyans are going forth into homelessness,1.4.9Kimaṅgaṁ panāhan”ti.why shouldn’t I?”

1.4.10PTS 2.183Bhaṇḍikaṁ muñcitvā taṁ bhaṇḍaṁ rukkhe ālaggetvā “yo passati, dinnaṁyeva haratū”ti vatvā yena te sakyakumārā tenupasaṅkami.Undoing the bundle, he hung the goods from a tree, saying, “This is given to whoever sees it. They may take it away.” And he returned to the young Sakyans.

1.4.11Addasāsuṁ kho te sakyakumārā upāliṁ kappakaṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ.Seeing Upāli coming,1.4.12Disvāna upāliṁ kappakaṁ etadavocuṁ—they said to him,1.4.13“kissa, bhaṇe upāli, nivattesī”ti?“Why are you coming back, Upāli?”1.4.14“Idha me, ayyaputtā, nivattantassa etadahosi—And he told what he had done.1.4.15‘caṇḍā kho sākiyā;1.4.16iminā kumārā nippātitāti ghātāpeyyumpi maṁ.1.4.17Ime hi nāma sakyakumārā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajissanti.1.4.18Kimaṅgaṁ panāhan’ti.1.4.19So kho ahaṁ, ayyaputtā, bhaṇḍikaṁ muñcitvā taṁ bhaṇḍaṁ rukkhe ālaggetvā ‘yo passati, dinnaññeva haratū’ti vatvā tatomhi paṭinivatto”ti.1.4.20“Suṭṭhu, bhaṇe upāli, akāsi yampi na nivatto.“You have done the right thing.1.4.21Caṇḍā kho sākiyā;The Sakyans are indeed temperamental.1.4.22iminā kumārā nippātitāti ghātāpeyyumpi tan”ti.They might well have held you responsible for our departure and have had you executed.”

1.4.23Atha kho sakyakumārā upāliṁ kappakaṁ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.The young Sakyans then took Upāli with them and went to the Buddha, where they bowed, sat down,1.4.24Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te sakyakumārā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—and said,1.4.25“mayaṁ, bhante, sākiyā nāma mānassino.“Sir, we Sakyans are proud.1.4.26Ayaṁ, bhante, upāli kappako amhākaṁ dīgharattaṁ paricārako.This barber Upāli has been serving us for a long time.1.4.27Imaṁ bhagavā paṭhamaṁ pabbājetu.Please let him go forth first.1.4.28Imassa mayaṁ abhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammasāmīcikammaṁ karissāma.We’ll then bow down to him, rise up for him, raise our joined palms to him, and do acts of respect toward him.1.4.29Evaṁ amhākaṁ sākiyānaṁ sākiyamāno nimmānāyissatī”ti.In this way our Sakyan pride will be humbled.”1.4.30Atha kho bhagavā upāliṁ kappakaṁ paṭhamaṁ pabbājesi, pacchā te sakyakumāre.And the Buddha had Upāli go forth first, and afterwards the young Sakyans.

1.4.31Atha kho āyasmā bhaddiyo teneva antaravassena tisso vijjā sacchākāsi.During that very rainy season Venerable Bhaddiya realized the three insights,1.4.32Āyasmā anuruddho dibbacakkhuṁ uppādesi.Venerable Anuruddha obtained clairvoyance,1.4.33Āyasmā ānando sotāpattiphalaṁ sacchākāsi.Venerable Ānanda realized streamentry,1.4.34Devadatto pothujjanikaṁ iddhiṁ abhinipphādesi.whereas Devadatta obtained supernormal powers, but no stage of awakening.

1.5.1Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā bhaddiyo araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi abhikkhaṇaṁ udānaṁ udānesi—Then, when Bhaddiya was in the wilderness, at the foot of a tree, or in an empty dwelling, he frequently uttered this heartfelt exclamation:1.5.2“aho sukhaṁ, aho sukhan”ti.“Oh, what happiness! Oh, what happiness!”1.5.3Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.A number of monks went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down,1.5.4Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—and told him what was happening,1.5.5“āyasmā, bhante, bhaddiyo araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi abhikkhaṇaṁ udānaṁ udānesi—1.5.6‘aho sukhaṁ, aho sukhan’ti.1.5.7Nissaṁsayaṁ kho, bhante, āyasmā bhaddiyo anabhiratova brahmacariyaṁ carati.adding, “No doubt Bhaddiya is dissatisfied with the spiritual life.1.5.8Taṁyeva vā purimaṁ rajjasukhaṁ samanussaranto araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi abhikkhaṇaṁ udānaṁ udānesi—He’s saying this because he’s recalling his former happiness as a king.”1.5.9‘aho sukhaṁ, aho sukhan’”ti.

1.5.10Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṁ bhikkhuṁ āmantesi—The Buddha addressed a certain monk:1.5.11“ehi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena bhaddiyaṁ bhikkhuṁ āmantehi—“Go, monk, and in my name say to Bhaddiya,1.5.12‘satthā taṁ, āvuso bhaddiya, āmantetī’”ti.‘Bhaddiya, the Teacher is calling you.’”

1.5.13PTS 2.184“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yenāyasmā bhaddiyo tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ bhaddiyaṁ etadavoca—Saying, “Yes, sir,” he did just that.1.5.14“satthā taṁ, āvuso bhaddiya, āmantetī”ti.1.6.1“Evamāvuso”ti kho āyasmā bhaddiyo tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.Bhaddiya consented. He then went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down.1.6.2Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho āyasmantaṁ bhaddiyaṁ bhagavā etadavoca—The Buddha said to him,1.6.3“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhaddiya, araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi abhikkhaṇaṁ udānaṁ udānesi—“Is it true, Bhaddiya, that when you’re in the wilderness, at the foot of a tree, or in an empty dwelling, you frequently utter this heartfelt exclamation:1.6.4‘aho sukhaṁ, aho sukhan’”ti?‘Oh, what happiness! Oh, what happiness!’?”

1.6.5“Evaṁ, bhante”ti.“Yes, venerable sir.”

1.6.6“Kiṁ pana tvaṁ, bhaddiya, atthavasaṁ sampassamāno araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi abhikkhaṇaṁ udānaṁ udānesi—“But why do you say this?”1.6.7‘aho sukhaṁ, aho sukhan’”ti?

1.6.8“Pubbe me, bhante, rañño satopi antopi antepure rakkhā susaṁvihitā hoti, bahipi antepure rakkhā susaṁvihitā hoti, antopi nagare rakkhā susaṁvihitā hoti, bahipi nagare rakkhā susaṁvihitā hoti, antopi janapade rakkhā susaṁvihitā hoti, bahipi janapade rakkhā susaṁvihitā hoti.“In the past, sir, when I was a king, I was well protected within and outside the royal compound, within and outside of town, and within and outside the country.1.6.9So kho ahaṁ, bhante, evaṁ rakkhitopi gopitopi santo bhīto ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto viharāmi.But although I was protected and guarded in this way, I was fearful, agitated, and distrustful.1.6.10Etarahi kho pana ahaṁ eko, bhante, araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi abhīto anubbiggo anussaṅkī anutrasto appossukko pannalomo paradattavutto migabhūtena cetasā viharāmīti.But now, sir, when I’m in the wilderness, at the foot of a tree, or in an empty dwelling, I’m free from fear, agitation, and distrust. I’m free from bother, relaxed, living on what’s given by others, with a mind as free as a wild animal.1.6.11Imaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, atthavasaṁ sampassamāno araññagatopi rukkhamūlagatopi suññāgāragatopi abhikkhaṇaṁ udānaṁ udānemi—That’s why I say this.”1.6.12‘aho sukhaṁ, aho sukhan’”ti.

1.6.13Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṁ viditvā tāyaṁ velāyaṁ imaṁ udānaṁ udānesi—Seeing the significance of this, on that occasion the Buddha uttered a heartfelt exclamation:

1.6.14“Yassantarato na santi kopā,∥“They who have no anger within,1.6.15Iti bhavābhavatañca vītivatto;Gone beyond any kind of existence,1.6.16Taṁ vigatabhayaṁ sukhiṁ asokaṁ,Happy, free from fear and sorrow—1.6.17Devā nānubhavanti dassanāyā”ti.Even the gods are unable to see them.”⁴

2.1.01.2. Devadattavatthu2. The account of Devadatta

2.1.1Atha kho bhagavā anupiyāyaṁ yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena kosambī tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi.When the Buddha had stayed at Anupiyā for as long as he liked, he set out wandering toward Kosambī.2.1.2Anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena kosambī tadavasari.When he eventually arrived,2.1.3Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā kosambiyaṁ viharati ghositārāme.he stayed in Ghosita’s Monastery.

2.1.4Atha kho devadattassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṁ cetaso parivitakko udapādi—Then, while reflecting in private, Devadatta thought,2.1.5“kaṁ nu kho ahaṁ pasādeyyaṁ, yasmiṁ me pasanne bahulābhasakkāro uppajjeyyā”ti?“Who might I inspire to have confidence in me, so that I’d get much material support and honor?”2.1.6Atha kho devadattassa etadahosi—And it occurred to him,2.1.7PTS 2.185“ayaṁ kho ajātasattu kumāro taruṇo ceva āyatiṁ bhaddo ca.“Prince Ajātasattu is young and has a bright future.2.1.8Yannūnāhaṁ ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ pasādeyyaṁ.Why don’t I inspire him to have confidence in me?2.1.9Tasmiṁ me pasanne bahulābhasakkāro uppajjissatī”ti.Then I’ll get much material support and honor.”

2.1.10Atha kho devadatto senāsanaṁ saṁsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rājagahaṁ tena pakkāmi.He put his dwelling in order, took his bowl and robes, and left for Rājagaha,2.1.11Anupubbena yena rājagahaṁ tadavasari.where he eventually arrived.2.1.12Atha kho devadatto sakavaṇṇaṁ paṭisaṁharitvā kumārakavaṇṇaṁ abhinimminitvā ahimekhalikāya ajātasattussa kumārassa ucchaṅge pāturahosi.He then transformed himself into a boy wearing a snake as a belt and appeared on Prince Ajātasattu’s lap.2.1.13Atha kho ajātasattu kumāro bhīto ahosi, ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto.When Ajātasattu became fearful and agitated,2.1.14Atha kho devadatto ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ etadavoca—Devadatta said to him,2.1.15“bhāyasi maṁ tvaṁ, kumārā”ti?“Are you afraid of me, prince?”

2.1.16“Āma bhāyāmi.“I am.2.1.17Kosi tvan”ti?Who are you?”

2.1.18“Ahaṁ devadatto”ti.“I’m Devadatta.”

2.1.19“Sace kho tvaṁ, bhante, ayyo devadatto, iṅgha sakeneva vaṇṇena pātubhavassū”ti.“If you’re Venerable Devadatta, please appear in your own form.”2.1.20Atha kho devadatto kumārakavaṇṇaṁ paṭisaṁharitvā saṅghāṭipattacīvaradharo ajātasattussa kumārassa purato aṭṭhāsi.Devadatta abandoned the form of a boy and stood in front of Ajātasattu, wearing his robes and carrying his bowl.⁵

2.1.21Atha kho ajātasattu kumāro devadattassa iminā iddhipāṭihāriyena abhippasanno pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṁ pātaṁ upaṭṭhānaṁ gacchati, pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro abhiharīyati.By means of this wonder Devadatta was able to inspire Ajātasattu to have confidence in him. Ajātasattu then attended on him morning and evening, with five hundred carriages and a meal offering of five hundred dishes of food.2.1.22Atha kho devadattassa lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtassa pariyādinnacittassa evarūpaṁ icchāgataṁ uppajji—Overcome by material support, honor, and praise,2.1.23“ahaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ pariharissāmī”ti.Devadatta started desiring to lead the Sangha of monks.2.1.24Saha cittuppādāva devadatto tassā iddhiyā parihāyi.But with the appearance of that thought, his supernormal powers disappeared.

2.5.1Atha kho bhagavā kosambiyaṁ yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena rājagahaṁ tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi.When the Buddha had stayed at Kosambī for as long as he liked, he set out wandering toward Rājagaha.2.5.2Anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena rājagahaṁ tadavasari.When he eventually arrived,2.5.3Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe.he stayed in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrel sanctuary.

2.5.4Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.Then a number of monks went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down,2.5.5Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—and said,2.5.6“devadattassa, bhante, ajātasattu kumāro pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṁ pātaṁ upaṭṭhānaṁ gacchati;“Sir, Prince Ajātasattu attends on Devadatta morning and evening, with five hundred carriages2.5.7pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro abhiharīyatī”ti.and a meal offering of five hundred dishes of food.”

2.5.8“Mā, bhikkhave, devadattassa lābhasakkārasilokaṁ pihayittha.“Monks, don’t envy Devadatta his material support, honor, and praise.2.5.9PTS 2.188Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, devadattassa ajātasattu kumāro pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṁ pātaṁ upaṭṭhānaṁ gamissati, pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro abhiharīyissati, hāniyeva, bhikkhave, devadattassa pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuḍḍhi.So long as Prince Ajātasattu treats him like this, Devadatta can be expected to decline in good qualities.

2.5.10Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, caṇḍassa kukkurassa nāsāya pittaṁ bhindeyyuṁ, evañhi so, bhikkhave, kukkuro bhiyyoso mattāya caṇḍataro assa;Just as a fierce dog would get even fiercer if you break a gall bladder on its nose,2.5.11evameva kho, bhikkhave, yāvakīvañca devadattassa ajātasattu kumāro pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṁ pātaṁ upaṭṭhānaṁ gamissati, pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro abhiharīyissati, hāniyeva, bhikkhave, devadattassa pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuḍḍhi.so too, so long as Prince Ajātasattu treats him like this, Devadatta can be expected to decline in good qualities.

2.5.25Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.The first section for recitation is finished.

3.1.0.1The second section

3.1.0.22.1. Pakāsanīyakamma4. The legal procedure of announcement

3.1.1Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṁ desento nisinno hoti sarājikāya parisāya.Soon afterwards the Buddha was seated giving a teaching surrounded by a large gathering of people, including the king.3.1.2Atha kho devadatto uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—Devadatta then got up from his seat, arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, raised his joined palms, and said,3.1.3“jiṇṇo dāni, bhante, bhagavā vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto.“Sir, you’re now old and close to the end of life.3.1.4Appossukko dāni, bhante, bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṁ anuyutto viharatu, mamaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ nissajjatu.You should live free from bother and enjoy the happiness of meditation. Hand the Sangha of monks over to me.3.1.5Ahaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ pariharissāmī”ti.Let me lead the Sangha.”

3.1.6“Alaṁ, devadatta, mā te rucci bhikkhusaṅghaṁ pariharitun”ti.“Let it be, Devadatta, don’t think of leading the Sangha of monks.”

3.1.7Dutiyampi kho devadatto …pe…A second time Devadatta said the same thing and got the same reply.3.1.8tatiyampi kho devadatto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—He then said it a third time,3.1.9“jiṇṇo dāni, bhante, bhagavā vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto.3.1.10Appossukko dāni, bhante, bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṁ anuyutto viharatu, mamaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ nissajjatu.3.1.11Ahaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ pariharissāmī”ti.and the Buddha replied:

3.1.12“Sāriputtamoggallānānampi kho ahaṁ, devadatta, bhikkhusaṅghaṁ na nissajjeyyaṁ, kiṁ pana tuyhaṁ chavassa kheḷāsakassā”ti.“I wouldn’t even hand the Sangha over to Sāriputta and Mogallāna, so why then to you, a wretched devourer of junk?”⁸

3.1.13Atha kho devadatto—Devadatta thought,3.1.14PTS 2.189sarājikāya maṁ bhagavā parisāya kheḷāsakavādena apasādeti, sāriputtamoggallāneva ukkaṁsatīti—“The Buddha disparages me in front of a gathering that includes the king as a devourer of junk, while praising Sāriputta and Mogallāna,”3.1.15kupito anattamano bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.and he bowed down in anger, circumambulated the Buddha with his right side toward him, and left.3.1.16Ayañcarahi devadattassa bhagavati paṭhamo āghāto ahosi.This was the first time Devadatta had ill will toward the Buddha.

3.2.1Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi—Soon afterwards the Buddha addressed the monks:

3.2.2“tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho devadattassa rājagahe pakāsanīyaṁ kammaṁ karotu—“Well then, the Sangha should do a legal procedure for the purpose of making an announcement about Devadatta in Rājagaha—3.2.3‘pubbe devadattassa aññā pakati ahosi, idāni aññā pakati.‘Devadatta’s character has changed.3.2.4Yaṁ devadatto kareyya kāyena vācāya, na tena buddho vā dhammo vā saṅgho vā daṭṭhabbo, devadattova tena daṭṭhabbo’ti.Whatever Devadatta does by body or speech has nothing to do with the Buddha, the Teaching, or the Sangha, but only with Devadatta.’3.2.5Evañca pana, bhikkhave, kātabbaṁ.And it should be done in this way.3.2.6Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—A competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha:

3.2.24Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ āmantesi—The Buddha then addressed Sāriputta:3.2.25“tena hi tvaṁ, sāriputta, devadattaṁ rājagahe pakāsehī”ti.“Well then, Sāriputta, make that announcement about Devadatta in Rājagaha.”

3.2.26“Pubbe mayā, bhante, devadattassa rājagahe vaṇṇo bhāsito—“In the past, sir, I have praised Devadatta in Rājagaha,3.2.27‘mahiddhiko godhiputto, mahānubhāvo godhiputto’ti.saying, ‘Godhiputta is powerful and mighty.’3.2.28Kathāhaṁ, bhante, devadattaṁ rājagahe pakāsemī”ti?How, then, can I now make this announcement about him?”

3.2.29“Nanu tayā, sāriputta, bhūtoyeva devadattassa rājagahe vaṇṇo bhāsito—“Didn’t you praise him truthfully3.2.30‘mahiddhiko godhiputto, mahānubhāvo godhiputto’”ti?when you said that?”

3.2.31“Evaṁ, bhante”ti.“I did.”

3.2.32“Evameva kho tvaṁ, sāriputta, bhūtaṁyeva devadattaṁ rājagahe pakāsehī”ti.“In the same way, you should make this announcement truthfully.”

3.2.33“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato paccassosi.“Yes, sir.”

3.3.1Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi—The Buddha then addressed the monks:3.3.2“tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho sāriputtaṁ sammannatu devadattaṁ rājagahe pakāsetuṁ—“Well then, the Sangha should appoint Sāriputta to make that announcement about Devadatta in Rājagaha.3.3.3‘pubbe devadattassa aññā pakati ahosi, idāni aññā pakati.3.3.4Yaṁ devadatto kareyya kāyena vācāya, na tena buddho vā dhammo vā saṅgho vā daṭṭhabbo, devadattova tena daṭṭhabbo’ti.3.3.5Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo.And he should be appointed like this.3.3.6Paṭhamaṁ sāriputto yācitabbo.First Sāriputta should be asked,3.3.7Yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha:

3.3.24Sammato ca āyasmā sāriputto sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ rājagahaṁ pavisitvā devadattaṁ rājagahe pakāsesi—When he had been appointed, Sāriputta entered Rājagaha accompanied by a number of monks. He then made that announcement about Devadatta—3.3.25“pubbe devadattassa aññā pakati ahosi, idāni aññā pakati.“Devadatta’s character has changed.3.3.26Yaṁ devadatto kareyya kāyena vācāya, na tena buddho vā dhammo vā saṅgho vā daṭṭhabbo, devadattova tena daṭṭhabbo”ti.Whatever Devadatta does by body or speech has nothing to do with the Buddha, the Teaching, or the Sangha, but only with Devadatta.”3.3.27Tattha ye te manussā assaddhā appasannā dubbuddhino, te evamāhaṁsu—The foolish people there, those with little faith and confidence, said,3.3.28“usūyakā ime samaṇā sakyaputtiyā devadattassa lābhasakkāraṁ usūyantī”ti.“These Sakyan monastics are envious of Devadatta’s material support and honor.”3.3.29Ye pana te manussā saddhā pasannā paṇḍitā byattā buddhimanto, te evamāhaṁsu—But the wise ones, those with faith and confidence, said,3.3.30“na kho idaṁ orakaṁ bhavissati yathā bhagavā devadattaṁ rājagahe pakāsāpetī”ti.“This must be a serious matter, seeing as the Buddha has had an announcement made about Devadatta in Rājagaha.”

3.4.02.2. Ajātasattukumāravatthu5. The account of Prince Ajātasattu

3.4.1Atha kho devadatto yena ajātasattu kumāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ etadavoca—Soon afterwards Devadatta went to Prince Ajātasattu and said,3.4.2“pubbe kho, kumāra, manussā dīghāyukā, etarahi appāyukā.“In the past, prince, people were long-lived, but now they’re short-lived.3.4.3Ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ vijjati yaṁ tvaṁ kumārova samāno kālaṁ kareyyāsi.It’s possible that you might die while still a prince.3.4.4Tena hi tvaṁ, kumāra, pitaraṁ hantvā rājā hohi.So then, kill your father and become the king.3.4.5Ahaṁ bhagavantaṁ hantvā buddho bhavissāmī”ti.And I’ll kill the Buddha and take his place.”

3.4.6Atha kho ajātasattu kumāro—Ajātasattu thought,3.4.7“ayyo kho devadatto mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo, jāneyyāsi ayyo devadatto”ti—“Venerable Devadatta is powerful and mighty. He would know.”3.4.8ūruyā potthanikaṁ bandhitvā divā divassa bhīto ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto sahasā antepuraṁ pāvisi.He then bound a dagger to his thigh, and while fearful and agitated, he hastily entered the royal compound in the middle of the day.⁹3.4.9Addasāsuṁ kho antepure upacārakā mahāmattā ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ divā divassa bhītaṁ ubbiggaṁ ussaṅkiṁ utrastaṁ sahasā antepuraṁ pavisantaṁ;The officials there saw Ajātasattu’s strange behavior3.4.10disvāna aggahesuṁ.and seized him.3.4.11Te vicinantā ūruyā potthanikaṁ baddhaṁ disvāna ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ etadavocuṁ—When they examined him, they found the dagger tied to his thigh. They asked him3.4.12“kiṁ tvaṁ, kumāra, kattukāmosī”ti?what he was up to.

3.4.13“Pitaramhi hantukāmo”ti.“I wish to kill my father.”

3.4.14“Kenāsi ussāhito”ti?“Has anyone encouraged you?”

3.4.15“Ayyena devadattenā”ti.“Venerable Devadatta.”

3.4.16Ekacce mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—Some officials said,3.4.17“kumāro ca hantabbo, devadatto ca, sabbe ca bhikkhū hantabbā”ti.“The prince should be executed, together with Devadatta and all the monks.”3.4.18Ekacce mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—Others said,3.4.19“na bhikkhū hantabbā.“The monks shouldn’t be executed.3.4.20Na bhikkhū kiñci aparajjhanti.They haven’t done anything wrong.3.4.21Kumāro ca hantabbo, devadatto cā”ti.The prince should be executed, together with Devadatta.”3.4.22Ekacce mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—Still others said,3.4.23“na kumāro ca hantabbo, na devadatto.“Neither the prince nor Devadatta3.4.24Na bhikkhū hantabbā.nor the monks should be executed.3.4.25Rañño ārocetabbaṁ.The king should be informed,3.4.26Yathā rājā vakkhati tathā karissāmā”ti.and we should do as he says.”

3.5.1PTS 2.191Atha kho te mahāmattā ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ ādāya yena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā rañño māgadhassa seniyassa bimbisārassa etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.They took Ajātasattu with them and went to King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha to inform him of what had happened.3.5.2“Kathaṁ, bhaṇe, mahāmattehi mati katā”ti?The king said, “What do you all make of this?”3.5.3“Ekacce, deva, mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—They told him their views.3.5.4‘kumāro ca hantabbo, devadatto ca, sabbe ca bhikkhū hantabbā’ti.3.5.5Ekacce mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—3.5.6‘na bhikkhū hantabbā.3.5.7Na bhikkhū kiñci aparajjhanti.3.5.8Kumāro ca hantabbo, devadatto cā’ti.3.5.9Ekacce mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—3.5.10‘na kumāro ca hantabbo, na devadatto.3.5.11Na bhikkhū hantabbā.3.5.12Rañño ārocetabbaṁ.3.5.13Yathā rājā vakkhati tathā karissāmā’”ti.

3.5.14“Kiṁ, bhaṇe, karissati buddho vā dhammo vā saṅgho vā?The king then said, “What’s this got to do with the Buddha, the Teaching, and the Sangha?3.5.15Nanu bhagavatā paṭikacceva devadatto rājagahe pakāsāpito—Didn’t the Buddha have an announcement made in Rājagaha as a warning:3.5.16‘pubbe devadattassa aññā pakati ahosi, idāni aññā pakati.‘Devadatta’s character has changed.3.5.17Yaṁ devadatto kareyya kāyena vācāya, na tena buddho vā dhammo vā saṅgho vā daṭṭhabbo, devadattova tena daṭṭhabbo’”ti?Whatever Devadatta does by body or speech has nothing to do with the Buddha, the Teaching, or the Sangha, but only with Devadatta’?”3.5.18Tattha ye te mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—He then fired those officials who had suggested3.5.19“kumāro ca hantabbo devadatto ca;to execute the prince, Devadatta,3.5.20sabbe ca bhikkhū hantabbā”ti;and the Sangha;3.5.21te aṭṭhāne akāsi.3.5.22Ye te mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—he demoted those who had suggested3.5.23“na bhikkhū hantabbā;3.5.24na bhikkhū kiñci aparajjhanti;3.5.25kumāro ca hantabbo devadatto cā”ti;to execute the prince and Devadatta;3.5.26te nīce ṭhāne ṭhapesi.3.5.27Ye te mahāmattā evaṁ matiṁ akaṁsu—and he promoted those who had suggested3.5.28“na kumāro ca hantabbo, na devadatto;3.5.29na bhikkhū hantabbā;3.5.30rañño ārocetabbaṁ;3.5.31yathā rājā vakkhati tathā karissāmā”ti;to act according to the king’s orders.3.5.32te ucce ṭhāne ṭhapesi.

3.5.33Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ etadavoca—And he said to Ajātasattu,3.5.34“kissa maṁ tvaṁ, kumāra, hantukāmosī”ti?“Why do you want to kill me?”

3.5.35“Rajjenāmhi, deva, atthiko”ti.“I want to rule, sir.”

3.5.36“Sace kho tvaṁ, kumāra, rajjena atthiko, etaṁ te rajjan”ti ajātasattussa kumārassa rajjaṁ niyyādesi.“If you want to rule, the kingdom is yours.” And he handed the rulership over to the prince.

3.6.02.3. Abhimārapesana6. The sending of assassins

3.6.1Atha kho devadatto yena ajātasattu kumāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā ajātasattuṁ kumāraṁ etadavoca—Soon afterwards Devadatta went to Ajātasattu and said,3.6.2“purise, mahārāja, āṇāpehi, ye samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ jīvitā voropessantī”ti.“Great king, please order your men to kill the ascetic Gotama.”3.6.3Atha kho ajātasattu kumāro manusse āṇāpesi—And the king told his men,3.6.4“yathā, bhaṇe, ayyo devadatto āha tathā kareyyāthā”ti.“Do as Venerable Devadatta says.”

3.6.5Atha kho devadatto ekaṁ purisaṁ āṇāpesi—Devadatta then told one man,3.6.6“gacchāvuso, amukasmiṁ okāse samaṇo gotamo viharati.“Go to such and such a place where the ascetic Gotama is staying.3.6.7Taṁ jīvitā voropetvā iminā maggena āgacchā”ti.Kill him and return via that path.”3.6.8Tasmiṁ magge dve purise ṭhapesi—On that path he stationed two men, saying,3.6.9“yo iminā maggena eko puriso āgacchati, taṁ jīvitā voropetvā iminā maggena āgacchathā”ti.“Kill the man who comes along this path and return via that path.”3.6.10Tasmiṁ magge cattāro purise ṭhapesi—On that path he stationed four men, saying,3.6.11“ye iminā maggena dve purisā āgacchanti, te jīvitā voropetvā iminā maggena āgacchathā”ti.“Kill the two men who come along this path and return via that path.”3.6.12Tasmiṁ magge aṭṭha purise ṭhapesi—On that path he stationed eight men, saying,3.6.13PTS 2.192“ye iminā maggena cattāro purisā āgacchanti, te jīvitā voropetvā iminā maggena āgacchathā”ti.“Kill the four men who come along this path and return via that path.”3.6.14Tasmiṁ magge soḷasa purise ṭhapesi—On that path he stationed sixteen men, saying,3.6.15“ye iminā maggena aṭṭha purisā āgacchanti, te jīvitā voropetvā āgacchathā”ti.“Kill the eight men who come along this path and then return.”

3.7.1Atha kho so eko puriso asicammaṁ gahetvā dhanukalāpaṁ sannayhitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato avidūre bhīto ubbiggo ussaṅkī utrasto patthaddhena kāyena aṭṭhāsi.Soon afterwards that one man armed himself with a bow and arrows, as well as a sword and shield, and went to the Buddha. As he got close, he became fearful and agitated, standing rigidly.3.7.2Addasā kho bhagavā taṁ purisaṁ bhītaṁ ubbiggaṁ ussaṅkiṁ utrastaṁ patthaddhena kāyena ṭhitaṁ.The Buddha saw him3.7.3Disvāna taṁ purisaṁ etadavoca—and said,3.7.4“ehāvuso, mā bhāyī”ti.“Come, don’t be afraid.”

3.7.5Atha kho so puriso asicammaṁ ekamantaṁ karitvā dhanukalāpaṁ nikkhipitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—He then placed his sword and shield to one side, put down his bow and arrows, and went up to the Buddha. He bowed down with his head at the Buddha’s feet, and said,3.7.6“accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yohaṁ duṭṭhacitto vadhakacitto idhūpasaṅkanto.“Sir, I’ve made a mistake. I’ve been foolish, confused, and unskillful in coming here with a malicious mind intent on murder.3.7.7Tassa me, bhante, bhagavā accayaṁ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṁ saṁvarāyā”ti.Please forgive me so that I may restrain myself in the future.”

3.7.8“Taggha tvaṁ, āvuso, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yaṁ tvaṁ duṭṭhacitto vadhakacitto idhūpasaṅkanto.“You have certainly made a mistake. You’ve been foolish, confused, and unskillful.3.7.9Yato ca kho tvaṁ, āvuso, accayaṁ accayato disvā yathādhammaṁ paṭikarosi, taṁ te mayaṁ paṭiggaṇhāma.But since you acknowledge your mistake and make proper amends, I forgive you.3.7.10Vuḍḍhi hesā, āvuso, ariyassa vinaye—For this is called growth in the training of the noble ones:3.7.11yo accayaṁ accayato disvā yathādhammaṁ paṭikaroti, āyatiṁ saṁvaraṁ āpajjatī”ti.acknowledging a mistake, making proper amends, and undertaking restraint for the future.”

3.7.12Atha kho bhagavā tassa purisassa anupubbiṁ kathaṁ kathesi, seyyathidaṁ—The Buddha then gave him a progressive talk—3.7.13dānakathaṁ sīlakathaṁ saggakathaṁ, kāmānaṁ ādīnavaṁ okāraṁ saṅkilesaṁ, nekkhamme ānisaṁsaṁ pakāsesi.on generosity, morality, and heaven; on the downside, degradation, and defilement of worldly pleasures; and he revealed the benefits of renunciation.3.7.14Yadā taṁ bhagavā aññāsi kallacittaṁ, muducittaṁ, vinīvaraṇacittaṁ, udaggacittaṁ, pasannacittaṁ, atha yā buddhānaṁ sāmukkaṁsikā dhammadesanā taṁ pakāsesi—When the Buddha knew that his mind was ready, supple, without hindrances, joyful, and confident, he revealed the teaching unique to the Buddhas:3.7.15dukkhaṁ, samudayaṁ, nirodhaṁ, maggaṁ.suffering, its origin, its end, and the path.3.7.16Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṁ vatthaṁ apagatakāḷakaṁ sammadeva rajanaṁ paṭiggaheyya;And just as a clean and stainless cloth absorbs dye properly,3.7.17evameva tassa purisassa tasmiṁyeva āsane virajaṁ vītamalaṁ dhammacakkhuṁ udapādi—so too, while he was sitting right there, he experienced the stainless vision of the Truth:3.7.18“yaṁ kiñci samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ taṁ nirodhadhamman”ti.“Anything that has a beginning has an end.”

3.7.19Atha kho so puriso diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṅkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—He had seen the Truth, had reached, understood, and penetrated it. He had gone beyond doubt and uncertainty, had attained to confidence, and had become independent of others in the Teacher’s instruction. And he said to the Buddha,3.7.20“abhikkantaṁ, bhante, abhikkantaṁ, bhante.“Wonderful, sir, wonderful!3.7.21Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya—Just as one might set upright what’s overturned, or reveal what’s hidden, or show the way to one who’s lost, or bring a lamp into the dark3.7.22‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti—so that one with eyes might see what’s there—3.7.23evamevaṁ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.just so has the Buddha made the Teaching clear in many ways.3.7.24PTS 2.193Esāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavantaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca.I go for refuge to the Buddha, the Teaching, and the Sangha of monks.3.7.25Upāsakaṁ maṁ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gatan”ti.Please accept me as a lay follower who’s gone for refuge for life.”

3.7.26Atha kho bhagavā taṁ purisaṁ etadavoca—The Buddha then said to him,3.7.27“mā kho tvaṁ, āvuso, iminā maggena gaccha, iminā maggena gacchāhī”ti aññena maggena uyyojesi.“Don’t go back along this path, go along that one.” And he sent him down a different path.

3.8.1Atha kho te dve purisā—The two men thought,3.8.2“kiṁ nu kho so eko puriso cirena āgacchatī”ti—“Why is it taking that one man so long to arrive?”3.8.3paṭipathaṁ gacchantā addasāsuṁ bhagavantaṁ aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle nisinnaṁ.As they were walking along that path in the opposite direction, they saw the Buddha seated at the foot of a tree.3.8.4Disvāna yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.They approached him, bowed, and sat down.3.8.5Tesaṁ bhagavā anupubbiṁ kathaṁ kathesi …pe…The Buddha gave them a progressive talk …3.8.6aparappaccayā satthusāsane bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—and they had become independent of others in the Teacher’s instruction. And they said to the Buddha,3.8.7“abhikkantaṁ, bhante …pe…“Wonderful, sir …3.8.8upāsake no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gate”ti.Please accept us as lay followers who have gone for refuge for life.”

3.8.9Atha kho bhagavā te purise etadavoca—The Buddha then said to them,3.8.10“mā kho tumhe, āvuso, iminā maggena gacchittha, iminā maggena gacchathā”ti aññena maggena uyyojesi.“Don’t go back along this path, go along that one.” And he sent them down a different path.

3.8.11Atha kho te cattāro purisā …pe…The four men …3.8.12atha kho te aṭṭha purisā …pe…the eight men …3.8.13atha kho te soḷasa purisā—the sixteen men thought,3.8.14kiṁ nu kho te aṭṭha purisā cirena āgacchantīti—“Why is it taking those eight men so long to arrive?”3.8.15paṭipathaṁ gacchantā addasāsuṁ bhagavantaṁ aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle nisinnaṁ.As they were walking along that path in the opposite direction, they saw the Buddha seated at the foot of a tree.3.8.16Disvāna yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.They approached him, bowed, and sat down.3.8.17Tesaṁ bhagavā anupubbiṁ kathaṁ kathesi, seyyathidaṁ—The Buddha gave them a progressive talk …3.8.18dānakathaṁ …pe…3.8.19aparappaccayā satthusāsane bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—and they had become independent of others in the Teacher’s instruction. And they said to the Buddha,3.8.20“abhikkantaṁ, bhante …pe…“Wonderful, sir …3.8.21upāsake no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gate”ti.Please accept us as lay followers who have gone for refuge for life.”¹⁰

3.8.22Atha kho bhagavā te purise etadavoca—3.8.23“mā kho tumhe, āvuso, iminā maggena gacchittha, iminā maggena gacchathā”ti aññena maggena uyyojesi.

3.9.1Atha kho so eko puriso yena devadatto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā devadattaṁ etadavoca—Soon afterwards that one man went to Devadatta and said,3.9.2“nāhaṁ, bhante, sakkomi taṁ bhagavantaṁ jīvitā voropetuṁ;“I wasn’t able to kill him, sir.3.9.3mahiddhiko so bhagavā mahānubhāvo”ti.He’s powerful and mighty, that Buddha.”

3.9.4“Alaṁ, āvuso;“Never mind.3.9.5mā tvaṁ samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ jīvitā voropesi.There’s no need for you to kill the ascetic Gotama.3.9.6Ahameva samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ jīvitā voropessāmī”ti.I’ll do it myself.”

3.9.7.02.4. Lohituppādakakamma7. Causing the Buddha to bleed

3.9.7.1Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā gijjhakūṭassa pabbatassa chāyāyaṁ caṅkamati.∥Soon afterwards the Buddha was doing walking meditation in the shade of the Vulture Peak.3.9.8Atha kho devadatto gijjhakūṭaṁ pabbataṁ āruhitvā mahatiṁ silaṁ pavijjhi—Devadatta climbed the peak and threw down a large stone, thinking,3.9.9imāya samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ jīvitā voropessāmīti.“With this I’ll kill the ascetic Gotama.”3.9.10Dve pabbatakūṭā samāgantvā taṁ silaṁ sampaṭicchiṁsu.But the stone got stuck in the junction of two outcrops.3.9.11Tato papatikā uppatitvā bhagavato pāde ruhiraṁ uppādesi.A chip flew off, striking the Buddha’s foot and causing him to bleed.3.9.12Atha kho bhagavā uddhaṁ ulloketvā devadattaṁ etadavoca—The Buddha looked up and said to Devadatta,3.9.13“bahuṁ tayā, moghapurisa, apuññaṁ pasutaṁ, yaṁ tvaṁ duṭṭhacitto vadhakacitto tathāgatassa ruhiraṁ uppādesī”ti.“Foolish man, you’ve made much demerit. With a malicious mind intent on murder you’ve made the Buddha bleed.”3.9.14Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi—Soon afterwards the Buddha addressed the monks:

3.9.15“idaṁ, bhikkhave, devadattena paṭhamaṁ ānantariyaṁ kammaṁ upacitaṁ, yaṁ duṭṭhacittena vadhakacittena tathāgatassa ruhiraṁ uppāditan”ti.“With a malicious mind intent on murder Devadatta has made the Buddha bleed. This is his first action with consequences in his very next life.”

3.10.1PTS 2.194Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū—When the monks heard3.10.2“devadattena kira bhagavato vadho payutto”ti.that Devadatta was trying to murder the Buddha,3.10.3Te ca bhikkhū bhagavato vihārassa parito parito caṅkamanti uccāsaddā mahāsaddā sajjhāyaṁ karontā, bhagavato rakkhāvaraṇaguttiyā.they walked back and forth on all sides of the Buddha’s dwelling, trying to protect him by reciting loudly.3.10.4Assosi kho bhagavā uccāsaddaṁ mahāsaddaṁ sajjhāyasaddaṁ.The Buddha heard that loud sound of recitation.3.10.5Sutvāna āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ āmantesi—He asked Ānanda what it was,3.10.6“kiṁ nu kho so, ānanda, uccāsaddo mahāsaddo sajjhāyasaddo”ti?3.10.7“Assosuṁ kho, bhante, bhikkhū—and Ānanda told him.3.10.8‘devadattena kira bhagavato vadho payutto’ti.3.10.9Te ca, bhante, bhikkhū bhagavato vihārassa parito parito caṅkamanti uccāsaddā mahāsaddā sajjhāyaṁ karontā, bhagavato rakkhāvaraṇaguttiyā.3.10.10So eso, bhagavā, uccāsaddo mahāsaddo sajjhāyasaddo”ti.3.10.11“Tena hānanda, mama vacanena te bhikkhū āmantehi—The Buddha said, “Well then, Ānanda, tell those monks in my name3.10.12satthā āyasmante āmantetī”ti.that the Teacher calls them.”

3.10.13“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca—Saying, “Yes, sir,” he did just that.3.10.14“satthā āyasmante āmantetī”ti.3.10.15“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.The monks consented. They then went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down.3.10.16Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca—The Buddha said to them:

3.10.17“Aṭṭhānametaṁ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṁ parūpakkamena tathāgataṁ jīvitā voropeyya.“It’s impossible, monks, for anyone to kill me through an act of violence.3.10.18Anupakkamena, bhikkhave, tathāgatā parinibbāyanti.The Buddha won’t attain final extinguishment through an act of violence.

3.10.50“Aṭṭhānametaṁ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṁ parūpakkamena tathāgataṁ jīvitā voropeyya.It’s impossible for anyone to kill me through an act of violence.3.10.51Anupakkamena, bhikkhave, tathāgatā parinibbāyanti.The Buddha won’t attain final extinguishment through an act of violence.3.10.52Gacchatha tumhe, bhikkhave, yathāvihāraṁ.Go to your dwellings, monks.3.10.53Arakkhiyā, bhikkhave, tathāgatā”ti.I don’t need any protection.”

3.11.02.5. Nāḷāgiripesana8. The letting loose of Nāḷāgiri

3.11.1Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe nāḷāgiri nāma hatthī caṇḍo hoti, manussaghātako.∥At that time in Rājagaha there was a fierce and man-killing elephant called Nāḷāgiri.3.11.2Atha kho devadatto rājagahaṁ pavisitvā hatthisālaṁ gantvā hatthibhaṇḍe etadavoca—Just then Devadatta entered Rājagaha, went to the elephant stables, and said to the elephant keepers,3.11.3“mayaṁ kho, bhaṇe, rājañātakā nāma paṭibalā nīcaṭṭhāniyaṁ uccaṭṭhāne ṭhapetuṁ, bhattampi vetanampi vaḍḍhāpetuṁ.“We who are relatives of the king are capable of having people promoted and getting them a raise.3.11.4Tena hi, bhaṇe, yadā samaṇo gotamo imaṁ racchaṁ paṭipanno hoti, tadā imaṁ nāḷāgiriṁ hatthiṁ muñcetvā imaṁ racchaṁ paṭipādethā”ti.So then, when the ascetic Gotama comes walking along this street, release the elephant Nāḷāgiri down it.”

3.11.5“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te hatthibhaṇḍā devadattassa paccassosuṁ.“Yes, sir.”

3.11.6PTS 2.195Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ rājagahaṁ piṇḍāya pāvisi.Then, one morning, the Buddha robed up, took his bowl and robe, and entered Rājagaha for alms together with a number of monks.3.11.7Atha kho bhagavā taṁ racchaṁ paṭipajji.And the Buddha walked down that very street.3.11.8Addasāsuṁ kho te hatthibhaṇḍā bhagavantaṁ taṁ racchaṁ paṭipannaṁ.When the elephant keepers saw the Buddha coming,3.11.9Disvāna nāḷāgiriṁ hatthiṁ muñcitvā taṁ racchaṁ paṭipādesuṁ.they released Nāḷāgiri down the same street.3.11.10Addasā kho nāḷāgiri hatthī bhagavantaṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ.Nāḷāgiri saw the Buddha coming.3.11.11Disvāna soṇḍaṁ ussāpetvā pahaṭṭhakaṇṇavālo yena bhagavā tena abhidhāvi.He blew his trunk, and with ears and tail bristling, he charged toward the Buddha.3.11.12Addasāsuṁ kho te bhikkhū nāḷāgiriṁ hatthiṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ.When the monks saw Nāḷāgiri coming,3.11.13Disvāna bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—they said to the Buddha,3.11.14“ayaṁ, bhante, nāḷāgiri hatthī caṇḍo manussaghātako imaṁ racchaṁ paṭipanno.“This elephant coming down the street is the fierce, man-killer Nāḷāgiri.3.11.15Paṭikkamatu, bhante, bhagavā;Please retreat, venerable sir.”3.11.16paṭikkamatu sugato”ti.

3.11.17“Āgacchatha, bhikkhave, mā bhāyittha.“Come, don’t be afraid.3.11.18Aṭṭhānametaṁ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṁ parūpakkamena tathāgataṁ jīvitā voropeyya.It’s impossible for anyone to kill the Buddha through an act of violence.3.11.19Anupakkamena, bhikkhave, tathāgatā parinibbāyantī”ti.The Buddha won’t attain final extinguishment through an act of violence.”

3.11.20Dutiyampi kho te bhikkhū …pe…A second time3.11.21tatiyampi kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—and a third time those monks said the same thing to the Buddha,3.11.22“ayaṁ, bhante, nāḷāgiri hatthī caṇḍo manussaghātako imaṁ racchaṁ paṭipanno.3.11.23Paṭikkamatu, bhante, bhagavā;3.11.24paṭikkamatu sugato”ti.3.11.25“Āgacchatha, bhikkhave, mā bhāyittha.each time getting the same reply.3.11.26Aṭṭhānametaṁ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṁ parūpakkamena tathāgataṁ jīvitā voropeyya.3.11.27Anupakkamena, bhikkhave, tathāgatā parinibbāyantī”ti.

3.12.1Tena kho pana samayena manussā pāsādesupi hammiyesupi chadanesupi āruḷhā acchanti.On that occasion people had ascended their stilt houses and even their roofs.3.12.2Tattha ye te manussā assaddhā appasannā dubbuddhino, te evamāhaṁsu—The foolish people with little faith and confidence said,3.12.3“abhirūpo vata, bho, mahāsamaṇo nāgena viheṭhīyissatī”ti.“The elephant will hurt the handsome, great ascetic.”3.12.4Ye pana te manussā saddhā pasannā paṇḍitā byattā buddhimanto, te evamāhaṁsu—But the wise people with faith and confidence said,3.12.5“nacirassaṁ vata, bho, nāgo nāgena saṅgāmessatī”ti.“Soon the great man and the great elephant will meet in battle.”

3.12.6Atha kho bhagavā nāḷāgiriṁ hatthiṁ mettena cittena phari.The Buddha then pervaded Nāḷāgiri with a mind of love.3.12.7Atha kho nāḷāgiri hatthī bhagavato mettena cittena phuṭṭho soṇḍaṁ oropetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato purato aṭṭhāsi.Feeling it, Nāḷāgiri lowered his trunk, went up to the Buddha, and stood in front of him.3.12.8Atha kho bhagavā dakkhiṇena hatthena nāḷāgirissa hatthissa kumbhaṁ parāmasanto nāḷāgiriṁ hatthiṁ imāhi gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi—And while stroking Nāḷāgiri on the forehead with his right hand, the Buddha spoke these verses:

3.12.9“Mā kuñjara nāgamāsado,∥“Do not, elephant, attack a great man;3.12.10Dukkhañhi kuñjara nāgamāsado;Painful it is to attack a great man.3.12.11Na hi nāgahatassa kuñjara,For a killer of a great man,3.12.12Sugati hoti ito paraṁ yato.The next birth is not good.

3.12.13Mā ca mado mā ca pamādo,Don’t be intoxicated or heedless,3.12.14Na hi pamattā sugatiṁ vajanti te;For the heedless are not happily reborn.3.12.15Tvaññeva tathā karissasi,Only do those things3.12.16Yena tvaṁ sugatiṁ gamissasī”ti.That take you to a good destination.”

3.12.17Atha kho nāḷāgiri hatthī soṇḍāya bhagavato pādapaṁsūni gahetvā uparimuddhani ākiritvā paṭikuṭiyova osakki, yāva bhagavantaṁ addakkhi.Nāḷāgiri sucked the dust from the Buddha’s feet with his trunk and scattered it overhead. He then walked backward while looking at the Buddha,3.12.18Atha kho nāḷāgiri hatthī hatthisālaṁ gantvā sake ṭhāne aṭṭhāsi.and returned to his stall in the elephant stables.3.12.19PTS 2.196Tathā danto ca pana nāḷāgiri hatthī ahosi.That is how tame Nāḷāgiri had become.3.12.20Tena kho pana samayena manussā imaṁ gāthaṁ gāyanti—On that occasion people chanted this verse:

3.12.21“Daṇḍeneke damayanti,∥“Some are tamed with sticks,3.12.22aṅkusehi kasāhi ca;And some with goads and whips.3.12.23Adaṇḍena asatthena,Without stick or sword,3.12.24nāgo danto mahesinā”ti.The great sage tamed the elephant.”

3.13.1Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—And people complained and criticized Devadatta,3.13.2“yāva pāpo ayaṁ devadatto, alakkhiko, yatra hi nāma samaṇassa gotamassa evaṁmahiddhikassa evaṁmahānubhāvassa vadhāya parakkamissatī”ti.“How evil and indiscriminate he is, this Devadatta, in trying to kill the ascetic Gotama so powerful and mighty!”¹³3.13.3Devadattassa lābhasakkāro parihāyi.Devadatta’s material support and honor declined,3.13.4Bhagavato ca lābhasakkāro abhivaḍḍhi.whereas those of the Buddha increased.

3.13.5.02.6. Pañcavatthuyācanakathā9. The account of the request for the five points

3.13.5.1Tena kho pana samayena devadatto parihīnalābhasakkāro sapariso kulesu viññāpetvā viññāpetvā bhuñjati.∥Because of his loss of material support and honor, Devadatta and his followers had to ask families repeatedly to get invited to meals.¹⁴3.13.6Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—People complained and criticized them,3.13.7“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā kulesu viññāpetvā viññāpetvā bhuñjissanti.“How can the Sakyan monastics repeatedly ask families to get invited to meals?3.13.8Kassa sampannaṁ na manāpaṁ, kassa sāduṁ na ruccatī”ti.Who doesn’t like nice food? Who doesn’t prefer tasty food?”

3.13.9Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.The monks heard the complaints of those people,3.13.10Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks,3.13.11“kathañhi nāma devadatto sapariso kulesu viññāpetvā viññāpetvā bhuñjissatī”ti.“How can Devadatta and his followers repeatedly ask families to get invited to meals?”3.13.12Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned Devadatta:3.13.13“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, devadatta, sapariso kulesu viññāpetvā viññāpetvā bhuñjasī”ti?“Is it true, Devadatta, that you do this?”3.13.14“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe…“It’s true, sir.” …3.13.15vigarahitvā …pe…After rebuking him …3.13.16dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

3.13.17“tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ kulesu tikabhojanaṁ paññapessāmi tayo atthavase paṭicca—“Well then, for monks eating among families, I’ll lay down a rule against eating in groups of more than three, for these three reasons:3.13.18dummaṅkūnaṁ puggalānaṁ niggahāya;for the restraint of bad people;3.13.19pesalānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ phāsuvihārāya, ‘mā pāpicchā pakkhaṁ nissāya saṅghaṁ bhindeyyun’ti;for the ease of good monks, stopping those with bad desires from creating a faction and then a schism in the Sangha;3.13.20kulānuddayāya ca.and out of compassion for families.3.13.21Gaṇabhojane yathādhammo kāretabbo”ti.Anyone eating in a group is to be dealt with according to the rule.”¹⁵

3.14.1Atha kho devadatto yena kokāliko kaṭamodakatissako khaṇḍadeviyā putto samuddadatto tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā kokālikaṁ kaṭamodakatissakaṁ khaṇḍadeviyā puttaṁ samuddadattaṁ etadavoca—Soon afterwards Devadatta went to Kokālika, Kaṭamodakatissaka, Khaṇḍadeviyāputta, and Samuddadatta. He said to them,3.14.2“etha, mayaṁ, āvuso, samaṇassa gotamassa saṅghabhedaṁ karissāma cakkabhedan”ti.“Let’s cause a schism in the Sangha of the ascetic Gotama. Let’s break its authority.”¹⁶

3.14.3Evaṁ vutte, kokāliko devadattaṁ etadavoca—Kokālika said to Devadatta,3.14.4“samaṇo kho, āvuso, gotamo mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo.“The ascetic Gotama is powerful and mighty.3.14.5Kathaṁ mayaṁ samaṇassa gotamassa saṅghabhedaṁ karissāma cakkabhedan”ti?How can we achieve this?”

3.14.6“Etha, mayaṁ, āvuso, samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ upasaṅkamitvā pañca vatthūni yācissāma—“Well, let’s go to the ascetic Gotama and request five things:3.14.7PTS 2.197‘bhagavā, bhante, anekapariyāyena appicchassa santuṭṭhassa sallekhassa dhutassa pāsādikassa apacayassa vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇavādī.‘In many ways, sir, you praise fewness of wishes, contentment, self-effacement, ascetic practices, being inspiring, the reduction in things, and being energetic.3.14.8Imāni, bhante, pañca vatthūni anekapariyāyena appicchatāya santuṭṭhiyā sallekhāya dhutatāya pāsādikatāya apacayāya vīriyārambhāya saṁvattanti.And there are five things that lead to just that. It would be good, sir:

1. 3.14.9Sādhu, bhante, bhikkhū yāvajīvaṁ āraññikā assu; yo gāmantaṁ osareyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.If the monks stayed in the wilderness for life, and whoever stayed near an inhabited area would commit an offense,¹⁷
2. 3.14.10Yāvajīvaṁ piṇḍapātikā assu; yo nimantanaṁ sādiyeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.if they ate only almsfood for life, and whoever accepted an invitational meal would commit an offense,
3. 3.14.11Yāvajīvaṁ paṁsukūlikā assu; yo gahapaticīvaraṁ sādiyeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.If they wore rag robes for life, and whoever accepted robe-cloth from a householder would commit an offense,
4. 3.14.12Yāvajīvaṁ rukkhamūlikā assu; yo channaṁ upagaccheyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.If they lived at the foot of a tree for life, and whoever took shelter would commit an offense,
5. 3.14.13Yāvajīvaṁ macchamaṁsaṁ na khādeyyuṁ; yo macchamaṁsaṁ khādeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyyā’ti.If they didn’t eat fish or meat for life, and whoever did would commit an offense.’

3.14.14Imāni pañca vatthūni samaṇo gotamo nānujānissati.The ascetic Gotama won’t allow this.3.14.15Te mayaṁ imehi pañcahi vatthūhi janaṁ saññāpessāmā”ti.We’ll then be able to win people over with these five points.”

3.14.16“Sakkā kho, āvuso, imehi pañcahi vatthūhi samaṇassa gotamassa saṅghabhedo kātuṁ cakkabhedo.Kokālika said, “It might be possible to cause a schism in the Sangha with these five points,3.14.17Lūkhappasannā hi, āvuso, manussā”ti.for people have confidence in austerity.”

3.15.1Atha kho devadatto sapariso yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.Devadatta and his followers then went to the Buddha, bowed and sat down,3.15.2Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho devadatto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—and Devadatta made his request.3.15.3“bhagavā, bhante, anekapariyāyena appicchassa santuṭṭhassa sallekhassa dhutassa pāsādikassa apacayassa vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇavādī.3.15.4Imāni, bhante, pañca vatthūni anekapariyāyena appicchatāya santuṭṭhiyā sallekhāya dhutatāya pāsādikatāya apacayāya vīriyārambhāya saṁvattanti.3.15.5Sādhu, bhante, bhikkhū yāvajīvaṁ āraññikā assu; yo gāmantaṁ osareyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.3.15.6Yāvajīvaṁ piṇḍapātikā assu; yo nimantanaṁ sādiyeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.3.15.7Yāvajīvaṁ paṁsukūlikā assu; yo gahapaticīvaraṁ sādiyeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.3.15.8Yāvajīvaṁ rukkhamūlikā assu; yo channaṁ upagaccheyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya.3.15.9Yāvajīvaṁ macchamaṁsaṁ na khādeyyuṁ; yo macchamaṁsaṁ khādeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyyā”ti.3.15.10“Alaṁ, devadatta.The Buddha replied, “No, Devadatta.3.15.11Yo icchati, āraññiko hotu; yo icchati, gāmante viharatu.Those who wish may stay in the wilderness, and those who wish may live near inhabited areas.3.15.12Yo icchati, piṇḍapātiko hotu; yo icchati, nimantanaṁ sādiyatu.Those who wish may eat only almsfood, and those who wish may accept invitational meals.3.15.13Yo icchati, paṁsukūliko hotu; yo icchati, gahapaticīvaraṁ sādiyatu.Those who wish may wear rag robes, and those who wish may accept robe-cloth from householders.3.15.14Aṭṭhamāse kho mayā, devadatta, rukkhamūlasenāsanaṁ anuññātaṁ;I have allowed the foot of a tree as a resting place for eight months of the year,¹⁸3.15.15tikoṭiparisuddhaṁ macchamaṁsaṁ—as well as fish and meat that are pure in three respects:3.15.16adiṭṭhaṁ, assutaṁ, aparisaṅkitan”ti.one hasn’t seen, heard, or suspected that the animal was specifically killed to feed a monastic.”

3.15.17Atha kho devadatto—Devadatta thought,3.15.18“na bhagavā imāni pañca vatthūni anujānātī”ti—“The Buddha doesn’t allow the five points.”3.15.19haṭṭho udaggo sapariso uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.Glad and elated, he got up from his seat, bowed down, circumambulated the Buddha with his right side toward him, and left with his followers.

3.15.20Atha kho devadatto sapariso rājagahaṁ pavisitvā pañcahi vatthūhi janaṁ saññāpesi—Devadatta then entered Rājagaha and won people over with the five points,3.15.21“mayaṁ, āvuso, samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ upasaṅkamitvā pañca vatthūni yācimhā—3.15.22‘bhagavā, bhante, anekapariyāyena appicchassa …pe…3.15.23vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇavādī.3.15.24Imāni, bhante, pañca vatthūni anekapariyāyena appicchatāya …pe…3.15.25vīriyārambhāya saṁvattanti.3.15.26Sādhu, bhante, bhikkhū yāvajīvaṁ āraññikā assu; yo gāmantaṁ osareyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya …pe…3.15.27yāvajīvaṁ macchamaṁsaṁ na khādeyyuṁ; yo macchamaṁsaṁ khādeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyyā’ti.3.15.28Imāni pañca vatthūni samaṇo gotamo nānujānāti.saying, “The ascetic Gotama doesn’t agree to them,3.15.29Te mayaṁ imehi pañcahi vatthūhi samādāya vattāmā”ti.but we practice in accordance with them.”

3.16.1Tattha ye te manussā assaddhā appasannā dubbuddhino, te evamāhaṁsu—The foolish people with little faith and confidence said,3.16.2“ime kho samaṇā sakyaputtiyā dhutā sallekhavuttino.“These Sakyan monastics are practicing asceticism and living with the aim of self-effacement.3.16.3Samaṇo pana gotamo bāhulliko bāhullāya cetetī”ti.But the ascetic Gotama is extravagant and has chosen a life of indulgence.”3.16.4PTS 2.198Ye pana te manussā saddhā pasannā paṇḍitā byattā buddhimanto, te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—But the wise people who had faith and confidence complained and criticized Devadatta,3.16.5“kathañhi nāma devadatto bhagavato saṅghabhedāya parakkamissati cakkabhedāyā”ti.“How can Devadatta pursue schism in the Sangha of the Buddha? How can he break its authority?”

3.16.6Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.The monks heard the criticism of those people,3.16.7Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—and the monks of few desires complained and criticized him in the same way.3.16.8“kathañhi nāma devadatto saṅghabhedāya parakkamissati cakkabhedāyā”ti.

3.16.9Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…They then told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned Devadatta:

3.16.10“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, devadatta, saṅghabhedāya parakkamasi cakkabhedāyā”ti?“Is it true, Devadatta, that you are doing this?”

3.16.11“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”

3.16.12“Alaṁ, devadatta.“Let it be, Devadatta,3.16.13Mā te rucci saṅghabhedo.don’t cause a schism in the Sangha.3.16.14Garuko kho, devadatta, saṅghabhedo.Schism in the Sangha is a serious matter.3.16.15Yo kho, devadatta, samaggaṁ saṅghaṁ bhindati, kappaṭṭhikaṁ kibbisaṁ pasavati, kappaṁ nirayamhi paccati.Whoever causes a schism in a united Sangha does a bad act with effect for an eon. He’s boiled in hell for an eon.3.16.16Yo ca kho, devadatta, bhinnaṁ saṅghaṁ samaggaṁ karoti, brahmaṁ puññaṁ pasavati, kappaṁ saggamhi modati.But whoever unites a divided Sangha generates the supreme merit. He rejoices in heaven for an eon.3.16.17Alaṁ, devadatta.So let it be, Devadatta,3.16.18Mā te rucci saṅghabhedo.don’t cause a schism in the Sangha.3.16.19Garuko kho, devadatta, saṅghabhedo”ti.It’s a serious matter.”

3.17.17Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.The second section for recitation is finished.

4.1.0.1The third section

4.1.0.23.1. Saṅghabhedakathā10. The account of schism in the Sangha

4.1.1PTS 2.199Atha kho devadatto tadahuposathe uṭṭhāyāsanā salākaṁ gāhesi—On the observance day soon afterwards, Devadatta got up from his seat and distributed ballots, saying,4.1.2“mayaṁ, āvuso, samaṇaṁ gotamaṁ upasaṅkamitvā pañca vatthūni yācimhā—“We have gone to the ascetic Gotama and asked for five things:4.1.3‘bhagavā, bhante, anekapariyāyena appicchassa …pe…‘In many ways, sir, you praise fewness of wishes, contentment, self-effacement, ascetic practices, being inspiring, the reduction in things,4.1.4vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇavādī.and being energetic.4.1.5Imāni, bhante, pañca vatthūni anekapariyāyena appicchatāya …pe…And there are five things that lead to just that. It would be good, sir:4.1.6vīriyārambhāya saṁvattanti.

1. 4.1.7.1Sādhu, bhante, bhikkhū yāvajīvaṁ āraññikā assu; yo gāmantaṁ osareyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyya …pe…If the monks stayed in the wilderness for life, and whoever stayed near inhabited areas would commit an offense,
2. 4.1.7.2if they were alms-collectors for life, and whoever accepted an invitation would commit an offense;
3. 4.1.7.3if they were rag-robe wearers for life, and whoever accepted robe-cloth from a householder would commit an offense;
4. 4.1.7.4if they dwelt at the foot of a tree for life, and whoever took shelter would commit an offense;
5. 4.1.8yāvajīvaṁ macchamaṁsaṁ na khādeyyuṁ; yo macchamaṁsaṁ khādeyya, vajjaṁ naṁ phuseyyā’ti.If they didn’t eat fish or meat for life, and whoever did would commit an offense.’

4.1.9Imāni pañca vatthūni samaṇo gotamo nānujānāti.The ascetic Gotama doesn’t agree to them,4.1.10Te mayaṁ imehi pañcahi vatthūhi samādāya vattāma.but we practice in accordance with them.4.1.11Yassāyasmato imāni pañca vatthūni khamanti, so salākaṁ gaṇhātū”ti.Any monk who approves of these five things should vote in favor.”

4.1.12Tena kho pana samayena vesālikā vajjiputtakā pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni navakā ceva honti appakataññuno ca.On that occasion five hundred Vajjian monks from Vesālī, newly ordained and ignorant, were present.4.1.13Te—“ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan”ti salākaṁ gaṇhiṁsu.Thinking, “This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction,” they voted in favor.

4.1.14Atha kho devadatto saṅghaṁ bhinditvā pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni ādāya yena gayāsīsaṁ tena pakkāmi.Then, after causing a schism in the Sangha, Devadatta left for Gayāsīsa together with the five hundred monks.

4.1.15Atha kho sāriputtamoggallānā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.Soon afterwards Sāriputta and Moggallāna went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down,4.1.16Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—and said,4.1.17“devadatto, bhante, saṅghaṁ bhinditvā pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni ādāya yena gayāsīsaṁ tena pakkanto”ti.“Sir, Devadatta has split the Sangha and left for Gayāsīsa together with five hundred monks.”

4.1.18“Na hi nāma tumhākaṁ, sāriputtā, tesu navakesu bhikkhūsu kāruññampi bhavissati?“You have compassion for those five hundred newly ordained monks, don’t you?4.1.19Gacchatha tumhe, sāriputtā, purā te bhikkhū anayabyasanaṁ āpajjantī”ti.Go then, Sāriputta and Moggallāna, before they’re afflicted with misfortune and disaster.”

4.1.20“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho sāriputtamoggallānā bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yena gayāsīsaṁ tenupasaṅkamiṁsu.Saying, “Yes, sir,” they got up from their seats, bowed down, circumambulated the Buddha with their right sides toward him, and went to Gayāsīsa.

4.1.21Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu bhagavato avidūre rodamāno ṭhito hoti.Just then a certain monk who was standing near the Buddha was crying.4.1.22Atha kho bhagavā taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavoca—The Buddha asked him why.4.1.23“kissa tvaṁ, bhikkhu, rodasī”ti?4.1.24“Yepi te, bhante, bhagavato aggasāvakā sāriputtamoggallānā tepi devadattassa santike gacchanti devadattassa dhammaṁ rocentā”ti.He said, “Sir, even Sāriputta and Moggallāna, the Buddha’s chief disciples, are going to Devadatta because they approve of his teaching.”

4.1.25“Aṭṭhānametaṁ, bhikkhu, anavakāso, yaṁ sāriputtamoggallānā devadattassa dhammaṁ roceyyuṁ, api ca te gatā bhikkhūnaṁ saññattiyā”ti.“It’s impossible for Sāriputta and Moggallāna to approve of Devadatta’s teaching. In fact, they’ve gone to win those monks over.”

4.2.1Tena kho pana samayena devadatto mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṁ desento nisinno hoti.At that time Devadatta was seated giving a teaching surrounded by a large gathering.4.2.2Addasā kho devadatto sāriputtamoggallāne dūratova āgacchante.When Devadatta saw Sāriputta and Moggallāna coming,4.2.3Disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi—he said to his monks,4.2.4“passatha, bhikkhave, yāva svākkhāto mayā dhammo, yepi te samaṇassa gotamassa aggasāvakā sāriputtamoggallānā tepi mama santike āgacchanti.“See how well-taught my teaching is, as even Sāriputta and Moggallāna, the ascetic Gotama’s chief disciples, are coming here4.2.5Mama dhammaṁ rocentā”ti.because they approve of it.”

4.2.6Evaṁ vutte, kokāliko devadattaṁ etadavoca—But Kokālika said,4.2.7“mā, āvuso devadatta, sāriputtamoggallāne vissasi.“Don’t trust Sāriputta and Moggallāna.4.2.8PTS 2.200Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gatā”ti.They have bad desires. They’re in the grip of bad desires.”

4.2.9“Alaṁ, āvuso.“Don’t worry.4.2.10Svāgataṁ tesaṁ yato me dhammaṁ rocentī”ti.Anyone who comes to approve of my teaching is welcome.”

4.2.11Atha kho devadatto āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ upaḍḍhāsanena nimantesi—Devadatta invited Venerable Sāriputta4.2.12“ehāvuso sāriputta, idha nisīdāhī”ti.to sit on a seat half the height of his own.4.2.13“Alaṁ, āvuso”ti kho āyasmā sāriputto aññataraṁ āsanaṁ gahetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.Saying, “There’s no need,” Sāriputta took another seat and sat down to one side,4.2.14Āyasmāpi kho mahāmoggallāno aññataraṁ āsanaṁ gahetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.as did Mahāmoggallāna.4.2.15Atha kho devadatto bahudeva rattiṁ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṁsetvā āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ ajjhesi—After spending most of the night instructing, inspiring, and gladdening the monks with a teaching, Devadatta invited Sāriputta, saying4.2.16“vigatathinamiddho kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhusaṅgho.“The Sangha of monks is without dullness and drowsiness.4.2.17Paṭibhātu taṁ, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṁ dhammī kathā, piṭṭhi me āgilāyati, tamahaṁ āyamissāmī”ti.Give a teaching, Sāriputta. My back is aching. I need to stretch it.”

4.2.18“Evamāvuso”ti kho āyasmā sāriputto devadattassa paccassosi.“Yes.”

4.2.19Atha kho devadatto catugguṇaṁ saṅghāṭiṁ paññapetvā dakkhiṇena passena seyyaṁ kappesi.Devadatta then folded his upper robe in four and lay down on his right side.4.2.20Tassa kilamantassa muṭṭhassatissa asampajānassa muhuttakeneva niddā okkami.Because he was tired, absentminded, and heedless, he fell asleep immediately.

4.3.1Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto ādesanāpāṭihāriyānusāsaniyā bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya ovadi anusāsi.Venerable Sāriputta then used the wonder of mind reading to instruct those monks,4.3.2Āyasmā mahāmoggallāno iddhipāṭihāriyānusāsaniyā bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya ovadi anusāsi.and Venerable Mahāmoggallāna used the wonder of supernormal powers to the same effect.4.3.3Atha kho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ āyasmatā sāriputtena ādesanāpāṭihāriyānusāsaniyā āyasmatā ca mahāmoggallānena iddhipāṭihāriyānusāsaniyā ovadiyamānānaṁ anusāsiyamānānaṁ virajaṁ vītamalaṁ dhammacakkhuṁ udapādi—While they were being instructed like this, they experienced the stainless vision of the Truth:4.3.4“yaṁ kiñci samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ taṁ nirodhadhamman”ti.“Anything that has a beginning has an end.”

4.3.5Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi—And Sāriputta addressed them:4.3.6“gacchāma mayaṁ, āvuso, bhagavato santike.“We’re going to the Buddha.4.3.7Yo tassa bhagavato dhammaṁ rocesi so āgacchatū”ti.Whoever approves of the Teaching of the Buddha should come along.”4.3.8Atha kho sāriputtamoggallānā tāni pañcabhikkhusatāni ādāya yena veḷuvanaṁ tenupasaṅkamiṁsu.Sāriputta and Moggallāna then went to the Bamboo Grove accompanied by those five hundred monks.

4.3.9Atha kho kokāliko devadattaṁ uṭṭhāpesi—In the meantime Kokālika woke up Devadatta, saying,4.3.10“uṭṭhehi, āvuso devadatta, nītā te bhikkhū sāriputtamoggallānehi.“Get up, Devadatta, your monks are being led away by Sāriputta and Moggallāna.4.3.11Nanu tvaṁ, āvuso devadatta, mayā vutto—Didn’t I tell you4.3.12‘mā, āvuso devadatta, sāriputtamoggallāne vissāsi.not to trust Sāriputta and Moggallāna?4.3.13Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gatā’”ti?Didn’t I say that they have bad desires, that they are in the grip of bad desires?”4.3.14Atha kho devadattassa tattheva uṇhaṁ lohitaṁ mukhato uggañchi.And Devadatta vomited hot blood right there.

4.4.1Atha kho sāriputtamoggallānā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdisuṁ.Sāriputta and Moggallāna then went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down,4.4.2PTS 2.201Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—and said,4.4.3“sādhu, bhante, bhedakānuvattakā bhikkhū puna upasampajjeyyun”ti.“Sir, may we reordain the monks who supported the schism?”

4.4.4“Alaṁ, sāriputta.“Let it be, Sāriputta,4.4.5Mā te rucci bhedakānuvattakānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ puna upasampadā.don’t think of reordaining the monks who supported the schism.4.4.6Tena hi tvaṁ, sāriputta, bhedakānuvattake bhikkhū thullaccayaṁ desāpehi.Instead, have them confess a serious offense.4.4.7Kathaṁ pana te, sāriputta, devadatto paṭipajjī”ti?And Devadatta, how did he treat you?”

4.4.8“Yatheva, bhante, bhagavā bahudeva rattiṁ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṁsetvā maṁ ajjhesati—“Just as you, sir, spend most of the night instructing, inspiring, and gladdening the monks with a teaching, and then invite me, saying,4.4.9‘vigatathinamiddho kho, sāriputta, bhikkhusaṅgho;‘The Sangha of monks is without dullness and drowsiness.4.4.10paṭibhātu taṁ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṁ dhammī kathā, piṭṭhi me āgilāyati, tamahaṁ āyamissāmī’ti.Give a teaching, Sāriputta. My back is aching. I need to stretch it,’4.4.11Evameva kho, bhante, devadatto paṭipajjī”ti.that’s how Devadatta treated us.”

4.5.1Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi—The Buddha then addressed the monks:

4.5.2“bhūtapubbaṁ, bhikkhave, araññāyatane mahāsarasī.“Once upon a time there was a great lake in a wilderness area4.5.3Taṁ nāgā upanissāya vihariṁsu.with elephants living nearby.4.5.4Te taṁ sarasiṁ ogāhetvā, soṇḍāya bhisamuḷālaṁ abbuhitvā, suvikkhālitaṁ vikkhāletvā, akaddamaṁ saṅkhāditvā ajjhoharanti.After plunging into the lake, they pulled up lotus roots and tubers with their trunks. They gave them a good rinse to remove the mud, before chewing and swallowing them.4.5.5Tesaṁ taṁ vaṇṇāya ceva hoti, balāya ca.That gave them beauty and strength.4.5.6Na ca tatonidānaṁ maraṇaṁ vā nigacchanti, maraṇamattaṁ vā dukkhaṁ.And they didn’t die or experience death-like suffering because of that.

4.5.7Tesaṁyeva kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānāgānaṁ anusikkhamānā taruṇā bhiṅkacchāpā.Then the baby elephants tried to imitate those great elephants.4.5.8Te taṁ sarasiṁ ogāhetvā, soṇḍāya bhisamuḷālaṁ abbuhitvā, na suvikkhālitaṁ vikkhāletvā, sakaddamaṁ saṅkhāditvā, ajjhoharanti.After plunging into the lake, they pulled up lotus roots and tubers with their trunks. But they didn’t give them a good rinse to remove the mud, and so they chewed and swallowed them while muddy.4.5.9Tesaṁ taṁ neva vaṇṇāya hoti, na balāya.That didn’t give them any beauty or strength.4.5.10Tatonidānañca maraṇaṁ vā nigacchanti, maraṇamattaṁ vā dukkhaṁ.And they died or experienced death-like suffering because of that.4.5.11Evameva kho, bhikkhave, devadatto mamānukrubbaṁ kapaṇo marissatīti.Just so, by imitating me, Devadatta will die miserably.

4.5.12Mahāvarāhassa mahiṁ vikrubbato,‘While the great being removes the earth,²⁰4.5.13Bhisaṁ ghasānassa nadīsu jaggato;Eats the tuber, and is alert in the rivers,4.5.14Bhiṅkova paṅkaṁ abhibhakkhayitvā,He’s like a baby elephant that’s eaten mud:4.5.15Mamānukrubbaṁ kapaṇo marissatīti.By imitating me, he’ll die miserably.’

5.1.03.2. Upālipañhā11. Upāli’s questions

5.1.1Atha kho āyasmā upāli yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.On one occasion Upāli went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down,5.1.2Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā upāli bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—and said,5.1.3“saṅgharāji saṅgharājīti, bhante, vuccati.“Sir, we speak of ‘fracture in the Sangha’.5.1.4Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo?But how is there a fracture in the Sangha, yet not a schism in the Sangha?5.1.5Kittāvatā ca pana saṅgharāji ceva hoti saṅghabhedo cā”ti?And how is there both a fracture and a schism in the Sangha?”

• 5.1.6“Ekato, upāli, eko hoti, ekato dve, catuttho anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—“If, Upāli, there is one monk on one side and two on the other, and a fourth makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.1.7‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’²⁷5.1.8Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo.then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha.
• 5.1.9Ekato, upāli, dve honti, ekato dve, pañcamo anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—If there are two monks on one side and two on the other, and a fifth makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.1.10‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’5.1.11Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo.then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha.
• 5.1.12Ekato, upāli, dve honti, ekato tayo, chaṭṭho anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—If there are two monks on one side and three on the other, and a sixth makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.1.13‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’5.1.14Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo.then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha.
• 5.1.15Ekato, upāli, tayo honti, ekato tayo, sattamo anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—If there are three monks on one side and three on the other, and a seventh makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.1.16‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’5.1.17Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo.then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha.
• 5.1.18Ekato, upāli, tayo honti, ekato cattāro, aṭṭhamo anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—If there are three monks on one side and four on the other, and an eighth makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.1.19‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’5.1.20Evampi kho, upāli, saṅgharāji hoti, no ca saṅghabhedo.then this is a fracture in the Sangha, but not a schism in the Sangha.
• 5.1.21PTS 2.204Ekato, upāli, cattāro honti, ekato cattāro, navamo anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—But if there are four monks on one side and four on the other, and a ninth makes the proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.1.22‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this,’5.1.23Evaṁ kho, upāli, saṅgharāji ceva hoti saṅghabhedo ca.then this is both a fracture in the Sangha and also a schism in the Sangha.

• 5.1.24Navannaṁ vā, upāli, atirekanavannaṁ vā saṅgharāji ceva hoti saṅghabhedo ca.If there are nine or more monks, then this is both a fracture in the Sangha and also a schism in the Sangha.

5.1.25Na kho, upāli, bhikkhunī saṅghaṁ bhindati, api ca bhedāya parakkamati, na sikkhamānā saṅghaṁ bhindati …pe…A nun cannot cause a schism in the Sangha, even if she makes an effort to do so. A trainee nun,5.1.26na sāmaṇero saṅghaṁ bhindati, na sāmaṇerī saṅghaṁ bhindati, na upāsako saṅghaṁ bhindati, na upāsikā saṅghaṁ bhindati, api ca bhedāya parakkamati.a novice monk, a novice nun, a male lay follower, or a female lay follower cannot cause a schism in the Sangha, even if she makes an effort to do so.

5.1.27Bhikkhu kho, upāli, pakatatto, samānasaṁvāsako, samānasīmāyaṁ ṭhito, saṅghaṁ bhindatī”ti.Only a monk of regular standing, one who belongs to the same Buddhist sect and is present within the same monastery zone, can cause a schism in the Sangha.”²⁸

5.2.1“Saṅghabhedo saṅghabhedoti, bhante, vuccati.∥“Sir, we speak of ‘schism in the Sangha’.5.2.2Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgho bhinno hotī”ti?But how is there a schism in the Sangha?”

1. 5.2.3“Idhupāli, bhikkhū adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpenti.“Take the case when monks proclaim what’s contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it.
2. 5.2.4Dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it.
3. 5.2.5Avinayaṁ vinayoti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s contrary to the Monastic Law as being in accordance with it.
4. 5.2.6Vinayaṁ avinayoti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s in accordance with the Monastic Law as contrary to it.
5. 5.2.7Abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as spoken by him.
6. 5.2.8Bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s been spoken by the Buddha as not spoken by him.
7. 5.2.9Anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what wasn’t practiced by the Buddha as practiced by him.
8. 5.2.10Āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what was practiced by the Buddha as not practiced by him.
9. 5.2.11Apaññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what wasn’t laid down by the Buddha as laid down by him.
10. 5.2.12Paññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what was laid down by the Buddha as not laid down by him.
11. 5.2.13Anāpattiṁ āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a non-offense as an offense.
12. 5.2.14Āpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim an offense as a non-offense.
13. 5.2.15Lahukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a light offense as heavy.
14. 5.2.16Garukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a heavy offense as light.
15. 5.2.17Sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a curable offense as incurable.
16. 5.2.18Anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim an incurable offense as curable.
17. 5.2.19Duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a grave offense as minor.
18. 5.2.20Aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a minor offense as grave.

5.2.21Te imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi apakassanti, avapakassanti, āveniṁ uposathaṁ karonti, āveniṁ pavāraṇaṁ karonti, āveniṁ saṅghakammaṁ karonti.If, based on any of these eighteen grounds, they pull away and separate, and they do the observance-day ceremony, the invitation ceremony, or legal procedures of the Sangha separately, then there is a schism in the Sangha.”²⁹5.2.22Ettāvatā kho, upāli, saṅgho bhinno hotī”ti.

5.3.1“Saṅghasāmaggī saṅghasāmaggīti, bhante, vuccati.∥“Sir, we speak of ‘unity in the Sangha’.5.3.2Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, saṅgho samaggo hotī”ti?But how is there unity in the Sangha?”

1. 5.3.3“Idhupāli, bhikkhū adhammaṁ adhammoti dīpenti.“Take the case when monks proclaim what’s contrary to the Teaching as such.
2. 5.3.4Dhammaṁ dhammoti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s in accordance with the Teaching as such.
3. 5.3.5Avinayaṁ avinayoti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s contrary to the Monastic Law as such.
4. 5.3.6Vinayaṁ vinayoti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s in accordance with the Monastic Law as such.
5. 5.3.7Abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as such.
6. 5.3.8Bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what’s been spoken by the Buddha as such.
7. 5.3.9Anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what wasn’t practiced by the Buddha as such.
8. 5.3.10Āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what was practiced by the Buddha as such.
9. 5.3.11Apaññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what wasn’t laid down by the Buddha as such.
10. 5.3.12Paññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpenti.They proclaim what was laid down by the Buddha as such.
11. 5.3.13Anāpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a non-offense as such.
12. 5.3.14Āpattiṁ āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim an offense as such.
13. 5.3.15Lahukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a light offense as light.
14. 5.3.16Garukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a heavy offense as heavy.
15. 5.3.17Sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a curable offense as curable.
16. 5.3.18Anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim an incurable offense as incurable.
17. 5.3.19Duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a grave offense as grave.
18. 5.3.20Aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpenti.They proclaim a minor offense as minor.

5.3.21Te imehi aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi na apakassanti, na avapakassanti, na āveniṁ uposathaṁ karonti, na āveniṁ pavāraṇaṁ karonti, na āveniṁ saṅghakammaṁ karonti.If, based on any of these eighteen grounds, they don’t pull away or separate, and they don’t do the observance-day ceremony, the invitation ceremony, or legal procedures of the Sangha separately,5.3.22Ettāvatā kho, upāli, saṅgho samaggo hotī”ti.then there is unity in the Sangha.”

5.5.1“Siyā nu kho, bhante, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho”ti?∥“Might one who causes a schism in the Sangha be irredeemably destined to an eon in hell?”

5.5.2“Siyā, upāli, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho”ti.“He might.”

5.5.3“Siyā pana, bhante, saṅghabhedako na āpāyiko, na nerayiko, na kappaṭṭho, na atekiccho”ti?“Might one who causes a schism in the Sangha not be irredeemably destined to an eon in hell?”

5.5.4“Siyā, upāli, saṅghabhedako na āpāyiko, na nerayiko, na kappaṭṭho, na atekiccho”ti.“He might.”

5.5.5.0Schismatics destined to hell

5.5.5.1“Katamo pana, bhante, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho”ti?“What sort of person who causes a schism in the Sangha is irredeemably destined to an eon in hell?”

5.5.6“Idhupāli, bhikkhu adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti.“In this case a monk proclaims what’s contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it.5.5.7Tasmiṁ adhammadiṭṭhi, bhede adhammadiṭṭhi, vinidhāya diṭṭhiṁ, vinidhāya khantiṁ, vinidhāya ruciṁ, vinidhāya bhāvaṁ, anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—He has the view that what he says is illegitimate and the view that the schism is illegitimate. He misrepresents his view of what’s true, his belief of what’s true, his acceptance of what’s true, or his sentiment of what’s true. He makes a proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.5.8‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this.’5.5.9Ayampi kho, upāli, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho.When such a person causes a schism in the Sangha, he’s irredeemably destined to an eon in hell.

5.5.10Puna caparaṁ, upāli, bhikkhu adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti.Again, a monk proclaims what’s contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it.5.5.11Tasmiṁ adhammadiṭṭhi, bhede dhammadiṭṭhi, vinidhāya diṭṭhiṁ, vinidhāya khantiṁ, vinidhāya ruciṁ, vinidhāya bhāvaṁ, anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—He has the view that what he says is illegitimate, but the view that the schism is legitimate. He misrepresents his view of what’s true, his belief of what’s true, his acceptance of what’s true, or his sentiment of what’s true. He makes a proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.5.12‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this.’5.5.13Ayampi kho, upāli, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho.When such a person causes a schism in the Sangha, he too is irredeemably destined to an eon in hell.

5.5.14Puna caparaṁ, upāli, bhikkhu adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti.Again, a monk proclaims what’s contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it.5.5.15Tasmiṁ adhammadiṭṭhi, bhede vematiko, vinidhāya diṭṭhiṁ, vinidhāya khantiṁ, vinidhāya ruciṁ, vinidhāya bhāvaṁ, anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—He has the view that what he says is illegitimate, but is unsure about the schism. He misrepresents his view of what’s true, his belief of what’s true, his acceptance of what’s true, or his sentiment of what’s true. He makes a proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.5.16‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this.’5.5.17Ayampi kho, upāli, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho.When such a person causes a schism in the Sangha, he too is irredeemably destined to an eon in hell.

5.5.18Puna caparaṁ, upāli, bhikkhu adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti.Again, a monk proclaims what’s contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it.5.5.19Tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi, bhede adhammadiṭṭhi …pe…He has the view that what he says is legitimate, but the view that the schism is illegitimate …³³5.5.20tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi bhede dhammadiṭṭhi.5.5.21Tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi bhede vematiko.He has the view that what he says is legitimate, but is unsure about the schism …5.5.22Tasmiṁ vematiko bhede adhammadiṭṭhi.He is unsure about what he says, but has the view that the schism is illegitimate …5.5.23Tasmiṁ vematiko bhede dhammadiṭṭhi.He is unsure about what he says, but has the view that the schism is legitimate …5.5.24Tasmiṁ vematiko bhede vematiko vinidhāya diṭṭhiṁ, vinidhāya khantiṁ, vinidhāya ruciṁ, vinidhāya bhāvaṁ, anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—He is unsure about what he says and is unsure about the schism. He misrepresents his view of what’s true, his belief of what’s true, his acceptance of what’s true, or his sentiment of what’s true. He makes a proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.5.25‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this.’5.5.26Ayampi kho, upāli, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho.When such a person causes a schism in the Sangha, he too is irredeemably destined to an eon in hell.

5.5.27Puna caparaṁ, upāli, bhikkhu dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti …pe…Again, a monk proclaims what’s in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it,5.5.28avinayaṁ vinayoti dīpeti …what’s contrary to the Monastic Law as being in accordance with it,5.5.29vinayaṁ avinayoti dīpeti …what’s in accordance with the Monastic Law as contrary to it,5.5.30abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatena bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti …what hasn’t been spoken by the Buddha as spoken by him,5.5.31bhāsitaṁ lapitaṁ tathāgatena abhāsitaṁ alapitaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti …what’s been spoken by the Buddha as not spoken by him,5.5.32anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti …what wasn’t practiced by the Buddha as practiced by him,5.5.33āciṇṇaṁ tathāgatena anāciṇṇaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti …what was practiced by the Buddha as not practiced by him,5.5.34apaññattaṁ tathāgatena paññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti …what wasn’t laid down by the Buddha as laid down by him,5.5.35paññattaṁ tathāgatena apaññattaṁ tathāgatenāti dīpeti …what was laid down by the Buddha as not laid down by him,5.5.36anāpattiṁ āpattīti dīpeti …a non-offense as an offense,5.5.37āpattiṁ anāpattīti dīpeti …an offense as a non-offense,5.5.38lahukaṁ āpattiṁ garukā āpattīti dīpeti …a light offense as heavy,5.5.39garukaṁ āpattiṁ lahukā āpattīti dīpeti …a heavy offense as light,5.5.40sāvasesaṁ āpattiṁ anavasesā āpattīti dīpeti …a curable offense as incurable,5.5.41anavasesaṁ āpattiṁ sāvasesā āpattīti dīpeti …an incurable offense as curable,5.5.42duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti …a grave offense as minor,5.5.43aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ duṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti …or a minor offense as grave.5.5.44tasmiṁ adhammadiṭṭhi, bhede adhammadiṭṭhi …pe…He has the view that what he says is illegitimate and the view that the schism is illegitimate. …5.5.45tasmiṁ adhammadiṭṭhi, bhede dhammadiṭṭhi …He has the view that what he says is illegitimate, but the view that the schism is legitimate. …5.5.46tasmiṁ adhammadiṭṭhi, bhede vematiko …He has the view that what he says is illegitimate, but is unsure about the schism. …5.5.47tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi, bhede adhammadiṭṭhi …He has the view that what he says is legitimate, but the view that the schism is illegitimate. …³⁴5.5.48tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi, bhede dhammadiṭṭhi …5.5.49tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi, bhede vematiko …He has the view that what he says is legitimate, but is unsure about the schism. …5.5.50tasmiṁ vematiko, bhede adhammadiṭṭhi …He is unsure about what he says, but has the view that the schism is illegitimate. …5.5.51tasmiṁ vematiko, bhede dhammadiṭṭhi …He is unsure about what he says, but has the view that the schism is legitimate. …5.5.52tasmiṁ vematiko, bhede vematiko, vinidhāya diṭṭhiṁ, vinidhāya khantiṁ, vinidhāya ruciṁ, vinidhāya bhāvaṁ, anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—He is unsure about what he says and unsure about the schism. He misrepresents his view of what’s true, his belief of what’s true, his acceptance of what’s true, or his sentiment of what’s true. He makes a proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.5.53‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this.’5.5.54Ayampi kho, upāli, saṅghabhedako āpāyiko, nerayiko, kappaṭṭho, atekiccho”ti.When such a person causes a schism in the Sangha, he too is irredeemably destined to an eon in hell.”

5.6.0Schismatics not destined to hell

5.6.1PTS 2.206“Katamo pana, bhante, saṅghabhedako na āpāyiko, na nerayiko, na kappaṭṭho, na atekiccho”ti?“What sort of person who causes a schism in the Sangha isn’t irredeemably destined to an eon in hell?”

5.6.2“Idhupāli, bhikkhu adhammaṁ dhammoti dīpeti.“In this case a monk proclaims what’s contrary to the Teaching as being in accordance with it.5.6.3Tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi, bhede dhammadiṭṭhi, avinidhāya diṭṭhiṁ, avinidhāya khantiṁ, avinidhāya ruciṁ, avinidhāya bhāvaṁ, anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—He has the view that what he says is legitimate and the view that the schism is legitimate. He doesn’t misrepresent his view of what’s true, his belief of what’s true, his acceptance of what’s true, or his sentiment of what’s true. He makes a proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.6.4‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this.’5.6.5Ayampi kho, upāli, saṅghabhedako na āpāyiko, na nerayiko, na kappaṭṭho, na atekiccho.When such a person causes a schism in the Sangha, he’s not irredeemably destined to an eon in hell.

5.6.6Puna caparaṁ, upāli, bhikkhu dhammaṁ adhammoti dīpeti …pe…Again, a monk proclaims what’s in accordance with the Teaching as contrary to it …5.6.7duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ aduṭṭhullā āpattīti dīpeti.or a minor offense as grave.³⁵5.6.8Tasmiṁ dhammadiṭṭhi, bhede dhammadiṭṭhi, avinidhāya diṭṭhiṁ, avinidhāya khantiṁ, avinidhāya ruciṁ, avinidhāya bhāvaṁ, anussāveti, salākaṁ gāheti—He has the view that what he says is legitimate and the view that the schism is legitimate. He doesn’t misrepresent his view of what’s true, his belief of what’s true, his acceptance of what’s true, or his sentiment of what’s true. He makes a proclamation and distributes ballots, saying,5.6.9‘ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanaṁ, imaṁ gaṇhatha, imaṁ rocethā’ti.‘This is the Teaching, this is the Monastic Law, this is the Teacher’s instruction; take this, approve of this.’5.6.10Ayampi kho, upāli, saṅghabhedako na āpāyiko, na nerayiko, na kappaṭṭho, na atekiccho”ti.When such a person causes a schism in the Sangha, he too isn’t irredeemably destined to an eon in hell.”

5.6.11Tatiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.The third section for recitation is finished.

5.6.12Saṅghabhedakakkhandhako sattamo.The seventh chapter on schism in the Sangha is finished.

5.6.32Saṅghabhedakakkhandhako niṭṭhito.The chapter on schism in the Sangha is finished.