0.31. Ukkoṭanabhedādi1. The subdivision on reopening, etc.

1.1PTS 5.150Cattāri adhikaraṇāni.There are four kinds of legal issues:1.2Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ—legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, legal issues arising from business.1.3imāni cattāri adhikaraṇāni.

2.1Imesaṁ catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ kati ukkoṭā?How many kinds of reopening are there of these four legal issues?2.2Imesaṁ catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ dasa ukkoṭā.Ten.2.3Vivādādhikaraṇassa dve ukkoṭā, anuvādādhikaraṇassa cattāro ukkoṭā, āpattādhikaraṇassa tayo ukkoṭā, kiccādhikaraṇassa eko ukkoṭo—There are two kinds of reopening of legal issues arising from disputes, four of legal issues arising from accusations, three of legal issues arising from offenses, and one of legal issues arising from business.2.4imesaṁ catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ ime dasa ukkoṭā.

3.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?When reopening a legal issue arising from a dispute, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?3.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?When reopening a legal issue arising from an accusation, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?3.3Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?When reopening a legal issue arising from an offense, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?3.4Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?When reopening a legal issue arising from business, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?

4.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento dve samathe ukkoṭeti.When reopening a legal issue arising from a dispute, one reopens two principles for settling it.4.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento cattāro samathe ukkoṭeti.When reopening a legal issue arising from an accusation, one reopens four principles for settling it.4.3Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento tayo samathe ukkoṭeti.When reopening a legal issue arising from an offense, one reopens three principles for settling it.4.4Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento ekaṁ samathaṁ ukkoṭeti.When reopening a legal issue arising from business, one reopens one principle for settling it.

5.1Kati ukkoṭā?How many kinds of reopening are there?5.2Katihākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati?In how many ways does a reopening come about?5.3Katihaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti?How many attributes do people who reopen a legal issue have?5.4Kati puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti?How many kinds of people commit an offense when they reopen a legal issue?

6.1Dvādasa ukkoṭā.There are twelve kinds of reopening.6.2Dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati.A reopening comes about in ten ways.6.3Catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti.People who reopen a legal issue have four attributes.6.4Cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti?There are four kinds of people who commit an offense when they reopen a legal issue.

7.1Katame dvādasa ukkoṭā?What are the twelve kinds of reopening?7.2Akataṁ kammaṁ, dukkaṭaṁ kammaṁ, puna kātabbaṁ kammaṁ, anihataṁ, dunnihataṁ, puna nihanitabbaṁ, avinicchitaṁ, duvinicchitaṁ, puna vinicchitabbaṁ, avūpasantaṁ, duvūpasantaṁ, puna vūpasametabbanti—“The legal procedure hasn’t been done”; “it’s been done badly”; “it should be done again”; “it’s not been settled”; “it’s been badly settled”; “it should be settled again”; “it’s not been decided”; “it’s been badly decided”; “it should be decided again”; “it’s not been disposed of”; “it’s been badly disposed of”; “it should be disposed of again”.7.3ime dvādasa ukkoṭā.

8.1PTS 5.151Katamehi dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati?What are the ten ways that a reopening comes about?8.2Tattha jātakaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, tattha jātakaṁ vūpasantaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, antarāmagge adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, antarāmagge vūpasantaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, tattha gataṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, tattha gataṁ vūpasantaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, sativinayaṁ ukkoṭeti, amūḷhavinayaṁ ukkoṭeti, tassapāpiyasikaṁ ukkoṭeti, tiṇavatthārakaṁ ukkoṭeti—One reopens a legal issue where it arose; one reopens a legal issue where it arose and was resolved; one reopens a legal issue while traveling; one reopens a legal issue that was resolved while traveling; one reopens a legal issue after going there; one reopens a legal issue that was resolved after going there; one reopens a resolution through recollection; one reopens a resolution because of past insanity; one reopens a decision on giving a further penalty; one reopens a decision on covering over as if with grass.8.3imehi dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati.

9.1Katamehi catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti?What are the four attributes of people who reopen a legal issue?9.2Chandāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, dosāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, mohāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, bhayāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti—They reopen a legal issue biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear.9.3imehi catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti.

10.1Katame cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti?Who are the four kinds of people who commit an offense when they reopen a legal issue?10.2Tadahupasampanno ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ, āgantuko ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ, kārako ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ, chandadāyako ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ—If one who was ordained on that very day does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession; if one who has newly arrived does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession; if the original doer does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession; if one who had given their consent does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession.¹10.3ime cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti.

11.02. Adhikaraṇanidānādi2. The sources of the legal issues, etc.

11.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from disputes?11.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from accusations?11.3Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from offenses?11.4Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from business?

12.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ vivādanidānaṁ vivādasamudayaṁ vivādajātikaṁ vivādapabhavaṁ vivādasambhāraṁ vivādasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from disputes have disputes as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.12.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ anuvādanidānaṁ anuvādasamudayaṁ anuvādajātikaṁ anuvādapabhavaṁ anuvādasambhāraṁ anuvādasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from accusations have accusations as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.12.3Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ āpattinidānaṁ āpattisamudayaṁ āpattijātikaṁ āpattipabhavaṁ āpattisambhāraṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from offenses have offenses as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.12.4Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiccayanidānaṁ kiccayasamudayaṁ kiccayajātikaṁ kiccayapabhavaṁ kiccayasambhāraṁ kiccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from business have business as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

13.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from disputes?13.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…… of legal issues arising from accusations?13.3āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…… of legal issues arising from offenses?13.4kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?… of legal issues arising from business?

14.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ hetunidānaṁ, hetusamudayaṁ, hetujātikaṁ, hetupabhavaṁ, hetusambhāraṁ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from disputes have causes as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.²14.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…Legal issues arising from accusations …14.3āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…Legal issues arising from offenses …14.4kiccādhikaraṇaṁ hetunidānaṁ, hetusamudayaṁ, hetujātikaṁ, hetupabhavaṁ, hetusambhāraṁ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from business have causes as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

15.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from disputes?15.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…… of legal issues arising from accusations?15.3āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…… of legal issues arising from offenses?15.4kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?… of legal issues arising from business?

16.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ paccayanidānaṁ, paccayasamudayaṁ, paccayajātikaṁ, paccayapabhavaṁ, paccayasambhāraṁ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from disputes have conditions as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.16.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…Legal issues arising from accusations …16.3āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…Legal issues arising from offenses …16.4kiccādhikaraṇaṁ paccayanidānaṁ, paccayasamudayaṁ, paccayajātikaṁ, paccayapabhavaṁ, paccayasambhāraṁ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Legal issues arising from business have conditions as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

17.03. Adhikaraṇamūlādi3. The roots of legal issues, etc.

17.1Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ kati mūlāni, kati samuṭṭhānā?How many roots do the four kinds of legal issues have, and how many originations?17.2Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ tettiṁsa mūlāni, tettiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.They have thirty-three roots, and thirty-three originations.

18.1Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamāni tettiṁsa mūlāni?What are the thirty-three roots?18.2Vivādādhikaraṇassa dvādasa mūlāni, anuvādādhikaraṇassa cuddasa mūlāni, āpattādhikaraṇassa cha mūlāni, kiccādhikaraṇassa ekaṁ mūlaṁ, saṅgho—Legal issues arising from disputes have twelve roots; legal issues arising from accusations have fourteen roots; legal issues arising from offenses have six roots; legal issues arising from business have one root, the Sangha.18.3catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ imāni tettiṁsa mūlāni.

19.1PTS 5.152Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katame tettiṁsa samuṭṭhānā?What are the thirty-three originations?19.2Vivādādhikaraṇassa aṭṭhārasabhedakaravatthūni samuṭṭhānā, anuvādādhikaraṇassa catasso vipattiyo samuṭṭhānā, āpattādhikaraṇassa sattāpattikkhandhā samuṭṭhānā, kiccādhikaraṇassa cattāri kammāni samuṭṭhānā—Legal issues arising from disputes originate from the eighteen grounds for schism; legal issues arising from accusations originate from the four kinds of failure; legal issues arising from offenses originate from the seven classes of offenses; legal issues arising from business originate from the four kinds of legal procedures.19.3catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ ime tettiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.

20.04. Adhikaraṇapaccayāpatti4. Offenses because of legal issues

20.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?“When it comes to legal issues arising from disputes, are they offenses?”20.2Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ na āpatti.They are not offenses.20.3Kiṁ pana vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?“Is it possible to commit an offense because of legal issues arising from disputes?”20.4Āma, vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.Yes.20.5Vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati?How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from disputes?20.6Vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.Two:20.7Upasampannaṁ omasati, āpatti pācittiyassa;there is an offense entailing confession for abusing one who is fully ordained;20.8anupasampannaṁ omasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa—there is an offense of wrong conduct for abusing one who is not fully ordained.20.9vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā imā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.

21.1Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?21.2Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?21.3Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?21.4Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?21.5Katihi adhikaraṇehi, katisu ṭhānesu, katihi samathehi sammanti?Through how many kinds of legal issues, in how many places, and through how many of the principles for settling legal issues are they settled?

22.1Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ ekaṁ vipattiṁ bhajanti—They belong to one kind of failure:22.2ācāravipattiṁ.failure in conduct.22.3Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.22.4Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—They are found in two classes of offenses:22.5siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.22.6Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ tīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti.They originate in three ways.22.7Ekena adhikaraṇena—They are settled through one kind of legal issue:22.8kiccādhikaraṇena;legal issues arising from business.22.9tīsu ṭhānesu—They are settled in three places:22.10saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike;in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.22.11tīhi samathehi sammanti—They are settled through three principles:22.12siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted; or they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by covering over as if with grass.

23.1Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?“When it comes to legal issues arising from accusations, are they offenses?”23.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ na āpatti.They are not offenses.23.3Kiṁ pana anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?“Is it possible to commit an offense because of legal issues arising from accusations?”23.4Āma, anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.Yes.23.5Anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā, kati āpattiyo āpajjati?How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from accusations?23.6Anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati.Three:23.7Bhikkhuṁ amūlakena pārājikena dhammena anuddhaṁseti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa;there is an offense entailing suspension for groundlessly charging a monk with an offense entailing expulsion;23.8amūlakena saṅghādisesena anuddhaṁseti, āpatti pācittiyassa;there is an offense entailing confession for groundlessly charging someone with an offense entailing suspension;23.9amūlikāya ācāravipattiyā anuddhaṁseti, āpatti dukkaṭassa—there is an offense of wrong conduct for groundlessly charging someone with failure in conduct.23.10anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā imā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati.

24.1Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?24.2Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?24.3Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?24.4Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?24.5Katihi adhikaraṇehi, katisu ṭhānesu, katihi samathehi sammanti?Through how many kinds of legal issues, in how many places, and through how many of the principles for settling legal issues are they settled?

25.1PTS 5.153Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ dve vipattiyo bhajanti—They belong to two kinds of failure:25.2siyā sīlavipattiṁ, siyā ācāravipattiṁ.they may be failure in morality; they may be failure in conduct.25.3Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.25.4Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ tīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—They are found in three classes of offenses:25.5siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.they may be in the class of offenses entailing suspension; they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.25.6Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ tīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti.They originate in three ways.25.7Yā tā āpattiyo garukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—The heavy offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:25.8kiccādhikaraṇena;legal issues arising from business.25.9ekamhi ṭhāne—They are settled in one place:25.10saṅghamajjhe;in the midst of the Sangha.25.11dvīhi samathehi sammanti—They are settled through two principles:25.12sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca.by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted.25.13Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—The light offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:25.14kiccādhikaraṇena;legal issues arising from business.25.15tīsu ṭhānesu—They are settled in three places:25.16saṅghamajjhe gaṇamajjhe puggalassa santike;in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.25.17tīhi samathehi sammanti—They are settled through three principles:25.18siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted; or they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by covering over as if with grass.

26.1Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?“When it comes to legal issues arising from offenses, are they offenses?”26.2Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ āpatti.They are offenses.26.3Kiṁ pana āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?“Is it possible to commit an offense because of legal issues arising from offenses?”26.4Āma, āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.Yes.26.5Āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati?How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from offenses?26.6Āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati.Four:26.7Bhikkhunī jānaṁ pārājikaṁ dhammaṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pārājikassa;there is an offense entailing expulsion for a nun who knowingly conceals an offense entailing expulsion;26.8vematikā paṭicchādeti, āpatti thullaccayassa;there is a serious offense for concealing it if she is unsure;26.9bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pācittiyassa;there is an offense entailing confession for a monk who conceals an offense entailing suspension;26.10ācāravipattiṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa—there is an offense of wrong conduct for concealing a failure in conduct.26.11āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā imā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati.

27.1Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?27.2Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?27.3Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?27.4Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?27.5Katihi adhikaraṇehi, katisu ṭhānesu, katihi samathehi sammanti?Through how many kinds of legal issues, in how many places, and through how many of the principles for settling legal issues are they settled?

28.1Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ dve vipattiyo bhajanti—They belong to two kinds of failure:28.2siyā sīlavipattiṁ siyā ācāravipattiṁ.they may be failure in morality; they may be failure in conduct.28.3Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.28.4Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ catūhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—They are found in four classes of offenses:28.5siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.they may be in the class of offenses entailing expulsion; they may be in the class of serious offenses; they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.28.6Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti—They originate in one way:28.7kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti.from body, speech, and mind.28.8Yā sā āpatti anavasesā sā āpatti na katamena adhikaraṇena, na katamamhi ṭhāne, na katamena samathena sammati.The incurable offense is not settled through any kind of legal issue, in any place, or through any of the principles for settling legal issues.³28.9Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—The light offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:28.10kiccādhikaraṇena;legal issues arising from business.28.11tīsu ṭhānesu—They are settled in three places:28.12saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike;in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.28.13tīhi samathehi sammanti—They are settled through three principles:28.14siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted; or they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by covering over as if with grass.

29.1Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?“When it comes to legal issues arising from business, are they offenses?”29.2Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ na āpatti.They are not offenses.29.3Kiṁ pana kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?“Is it possible to commit an offense because of legal issues arising from business?”29.4Āma, kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.Yes.29.5Kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati?How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from business?29.6Kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.Five:29.7Ukkhittānuvattikā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjati, ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ;there is an offense of wrong conduct after the motion when a nun takes sides with one who has been ejected and does not stop when pressed up to three times;29.8dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā;there is a serious offense after each of the first two announcements;29.9kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti pārājikassa;there is an offense entailing expulsion when the last announcement is finished;29.10bhedakānuvattakā bhikkhū yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa;there is an offense entailing suspension when monks who side with a monk who is pursuing schism do not stop when pressed for the third time;29.11pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa—there is an offense entailing confession when not giving up a bad view after being pressed for the third time.29.12kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā imā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.

30.1Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?30.2Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?30.3Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?30.4Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?30.5Katihi adhikaraṇehi, katisu ṭhānesu, katihi samathehi sammanti?Through how many kinds of legal issues, in how many places, and through how many of the principles for settling legal issues are they settled?

31.1PTS 5.154Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ dve vipattiyo bhajanti—They belong to two kinds of failure:31.2siyā sīlavipattiṁ siyā ācāravipattiṁ.they may be failure in morality; they may be failure in conduct.31.3Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.31.4Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ pañcahi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—They are found in five classes of offenses:31.5siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.they may be in the class of offenses entailing expulsion; they may be in the class of offenses entailing suspension; they may be in the class of serious offenses; they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.31.6Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti—They originate in one way:31.7kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti.from body, speech, and mind.31.8Yā sā āpatti anavasesā sā āpatti na katamena adhikaraṇena, na katamamhi ṭhāne, na katamena samathena sammati.The incurable offense is not settled through any kind of legal issue, in any place, or through any of the principles for settling legal issues.31.9Yā sā āpatti garukā sā āpatti ekena adhikaraṇena—The heavy offense is settled through one kind of legal issue:⁴31.10kiccādhikaraṇena;legal issues arising from business.31.11ekamhi ṭhāne—It is settled in one place:31.12saṅghamajjhe;in the midst of the Sangha.31.13dvīhi samathehi sammati—It is settled through two principles:31.14sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca.by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted.31.15Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—The light offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:31.16kiccādhikaraṇena;legal issues arising from business.31.17tīsu ṭhānesu—They are settled in three places:31.18saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike;in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.31.19tīhi samathehi sammanti—They are settled through three principles:31.20siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted; or they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by covering over as if with grass.

32.05. Adhikaraṇādhippāya5. The difference between legal issues

32.1Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.Is a legal issue arising from a dispute a legal issue arising from an accusation, a legal issue arising from an offense, or a legal issue arising from business?⁵32.2Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ;A legal issue arising from a dispute is neither a legal issue arising from an accusation, nor a legal issue arising from an offense, nor a legal issue arising from business.32.3api ca, vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.Nevertheless, because of legal issues arising from disputes, there are legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, and legal issues arising from business.32.4Yathā kathaṁ viya?How is this?32.5Idha bhikkhū vivadanti—It may be that monks are disputing, saying,32.6dhammoti vā adhammoti vā …pe…“This is the Teaching”, “This is contrary to the Teaching” …32.7duṭṭhullāpattīti vā aduṭṭhullāpattīti vā.“This is a grave offense”, or “This is a minor offense.”32.8Yaṁ tattha bhaṇḍanaṁ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhakaṁ, idaṁ vuccati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.In regard to this, whatever there is of quarreling, arguing, conflict, disputing, variety in opinion, difference in opinion, heated speech, or strife—this is called a legal issue arising from a dispute.32.9Vivādādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.When, during a legal issue arising from a dispute, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.32.10Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.32.11Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.32.12Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.32.13Evaṁ vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.In this way, because of legal issues arising from disputes, there are legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, and legal issues arising from business.

33.1Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.Is a legal issue arising from an accusation a legal issue arising from an offense, a legal issue arising from business, or legal issue arising from a dispute?33.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ;A legal issue arising from an accusation is neither a legal issue arising from an offense, nor a legal issue arising from business, nor a legal issue arising from a dispute.33.3api ca anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.Nevertheless, because of legal issues arising from accusations, there are legal issues arising from offenses, legal issues arising from business, and legal issues arising from disputes.33.4Yathā kathaṁ viya?How is this?33.5Idha bhikkhū bhikkhuṁ anuvadanti sīlavipattiyā vā ācāravipattiyā vā diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ājīvavipattiyā vā.It may be that monks accuse a monk of failure in morality, failure in conduct, failure in view, or failure in livelihood.33.6Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṁ, idaṁ vuccati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.In regard to this, whatever there is of accusations, accusing, allegations, blame, taking sides because of friendship, taking part in the accusation, or supporting the accusation—this is called a legal issue arising from an accusation.33.7Anuvādādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati, vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.When, during a legal issue arising from an accusation, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.33.8Vivadamāno anuvadati, anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.33.9Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.33.10Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.33.11Evaṁ anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.In this way, because of legal issues arising from accusations, there are legal issues arising from offenses, legal issues arising from business, and legal issues arising from disputes.

34.1Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.Is a legal issue arising from an offense a legal issue arising from business, a legal issue arising from a dispute, or a legal issue arising from an accusation?34.2Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ;A legal issue arising from an offense is neither a legal issue arising from business, nor a legal issue arising from a dispute, nor a legal issue arising from an accusation.34.3api ca āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.Nevertheless, because of legal issues arising from offenses, there are legal issues arising from business, legal issues arising from disputes, and legal issues arising from accusations.34.4Yathā kathaṁ viya?How is this?34.5Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, idaṁ vuccati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.There are legal issues arising from offenses because of the five classes of offenses, and there are legal issues arising from offenses because of the seven classes of offenses—these are called legal issues arising from offenses.34.6Āpattādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.When, during a legal issue arising from an offense, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.34.7Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.34.8Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.34.9Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.34.10Evaṁ āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.In this way, because of legal issues arising from offenses, there are legal issues arising from business, legal issues arising from disputes, and legal issues arising from accusations.

35.1Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.Is a legal issue arising from business a legal issue arising from a dispute, a legal issue arising from an accusation, or a legal issue arising from an offense?35.2Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ;A legal issue arising from business is neither a legal issue arising from a dispute, nor a legal issue arising from an accusation, nor a legal issue arising from an offense.35.3api ca kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.Nevertheless, because of legal issues arising from business, there are legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, and legal issues arising from offenses.35.4Yathā kathaṁ viya?How is this?35.5Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā karaṇīyatā apalokanakammaṁ ñattikammaṁ ñattidutiyakammaṁ ñatticatutthakammaṁ, idaṁ vuccati kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.Whatever is the duty or the business of the Sangha—a legal procedure consisting of getting permission, a legal procedure consisting of one motion, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements—this is called a legal issue arising from business.35.6Kiccādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.When, during a legal issue arising from business, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.35.7Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.35.8Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.35.9Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.35.10Evaṁ kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.In this way, because of legal issues arising from business, there are legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, and legal issues arising from offenses.

36.06. Pucchāvāra6. The section on questioning

36.1PTS 5.155Yattha sativinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo?When there is resolution through recollection, is there also resolution face-to-face?36.2Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha sativinayo?When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also resolution through recollection?36.3Yattha amūḷhavinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo?When there is resolution because of past insanity, is there also resolution face-to-face?36.4Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha amūḷhavinayo?When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also resolution because of past insanity?36.5Yattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ tattha sammukhāvinayo?When there is acting according to what has been admitted, is there also resolution face-to-face?36.6Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ?When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also acting according to what has been admitted?36.7Yattha yebhuyyasikā tattha sammukhāvinayo?When there is a majority decision, is there also resolution face-to-face?36.8Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha yebhuyyasikā?When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also a majority decision?36.9Yattha tassapāpiyasikā tattha sammukhāvinayo?When there is a further penalty, is there also resolution face-to-face?36.10Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tassapāpiyasikā?When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also a further penalty?36.11Yattha tiṇavatthārako tattha sammukhāvinayo?When there is covering over as if with grass, is there also resolution face-to-face?36.12Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tiṇavatthārako?When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also covering over as if with grass?

37.07. Vissajjanāvāra7. The section on responding

37.1Yasmiṁ samaye sammukhāvinayena ca sativinayena ca adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati—There may be an occasion when a legal issue is resolved by resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection.37.2yattha sativinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo, yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha sativinayo, na tattha amūḷhavinayo, na tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ, na tattha yebhuyyasikā, na tattha tassapāpiyasikā, na tattha tiṇavatthārako.Then, when there is resolution through recollection there is also resolution face-to-face, and when there is resolution face-to-face there is also resolution through recollection; but there is not resolution because of past insanity, nor acting according to what has been admitted, nor a majority decision, nor a further penalty, nor covering over as if with grass.37.3Yasmiṁ samaye sammukhāvinayena ca amūḷhavinayena ca …pe…There may be an occasion when a legal issue is resolved by resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity. …37.4sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca …pe…by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted …37.5sammukhāvinayena ca yebhuyyasikāya ca …pe…by resolution face-to-face and by a majority decision …37.6sammukhāvinayena ca tassapāpiyasikāya ca …pe…by resolution face-to-face and by a further penalty …37.7sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati—There may be an occasion when a legal issue is resolved by resolution face-to-face and by covering over as if with grass.37.8yattha tiṇavatthārako tattha sammukhāvinayo, yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tiṇavatthārako, na tattha sativinayo, na tattha amūḷhavinayo, na tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ, na tattha yebhuyyasikā, na tattha tassapāpiyasikā.Then, when there is covering over as if with grass there is also resolution face-to-face, and when there is resolution face-to-face there is also covering over as if with grass; but there is not resolution through recollection, nor resolution because of past insanity, nor acting according to what has been admitted, nor a majority decision, nor a further penalty.

38.08. Saṁsaṭṭhavāra8. The section on connected

38.1Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā udāhu visaṁsaṭṭhā?Is a resolution face-to-face and a resolution through recollection connected or disconnected?38.2Labbhā ca panimesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ?Is it possible to completely separate them and point to their difference?38.3Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…Is a resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …38.4sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …Is a resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …38.5sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …Is a resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …38.6sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …Is a resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …38.7sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, udāhu visaṁsaṭṭhā?Is a resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass connected or disconnected?38.8Labbhā ca panimesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ?Is it possible to completely separate them and point to their difference?

39.1Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā—Resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection39.2ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā;are connected, not disconnected,39.3na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ.and it is not possible to completely separate them and point to their difference.39.4Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…Resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …39.5sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …Resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …39.6sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …Resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …39.7sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …Resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …39.8sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—Resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass39.9ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā;are connected, not disconnected,39.10na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ.and it is not possible to completely separate them and point to their difference.

40.09. Sattasamathanidāna9. The sources of the seven principles for settling legal issues

40.1Sammukhāvinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution face-to-face?40.2Sativinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution through recollection?40.3Amūḷhavinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution because of past insanity?40.4Paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of acting according to what has been admitted?40.5Yebhuyyasikā kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā, kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of a majority decision?40.6Tassapāpiyasikā kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā, kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of a further penalty?40.7Tiṇavatthārako kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of covering over as if with grass?

41.1Sammukhāvinayo nidānanidāno, nidānasamudayo, nidānajātiko, nidānapabhavo, nidānasambhāro, nidānasamuṭṭhāno.Resolution face-to-face has sources as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.41.2Sativinayo …pe…Resolution through recollection …41.3amūḷhavinayo …pe…Resolution because of past insanity …41.4paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ nidānanidānaṁ, nidānasamudayaṁ, nidānajātikaṁ, nidānapabhavaṁ, nidānasambhāraṁ, nidānasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Acting according to what has been admitted …41.5Yebhuyyasikā …pe…A majority decision …41.6tassapāpiyasikā nidānanidānā, nidānasamudayā, nidānajātikā, nidānapabhavā, nidānasambhārā, nidānasamuṭṭhānā.A further penalty …41.7Tiṇavatthārako nidānanidāno, nidānasamudayo, nidānajātiko, nidānapabhavo, nidānasambhāro, nidānasamuṭṭhāno.Covering over as if with grass has sources as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

42.1PTS 5.156Sammukhāvinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution face-to-face?42.2Sativinayo …pe…… of resolution through recollection?42.3amūḷhavinayo …pe…… of resolution because of past insanity?42.4paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ …pe…… of acting according to what has been admitted?42.5yebhuyyasikā …pe…… of a majority decision?42.6tassapāpiyasikā …pe…… of a further penalty?42.7tiṇavatthārako kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of covering over as if with grass?

43.1Sammukhāvinayo hetunidāno, hetusamudayo, hetujātiko, hetupabhavo, hetusambhāro, hetusamuṭṭhāno.Resolution face-to-face has causes as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.43.2Sativinayo …pe…Resolution through recollection …43.3amūḷhavinayo …pe…Resolution because of past insanity …43.4paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ hetunidānaṁ, hetusamudayaṁ, hetujātikaṁ, hetupabhavaṁ, hetusambhāraṁ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṁ.Acting according to what has been admitted …43.5Yebhuyyasikā …pe…A majority decision …43.6tassapāpiyasikā hetunidānā, hetusamudayā, hetujātikā, hetupabhavā, hetusambhārā, hetusamuṭṭhānā.A further penalty …43.7Tiṇavatthārako hetunidāno, hetusamudayo, hetujātiko, hetupabhavo, hetusambhāro, hetusamuṭṭhāno.Covering over as if with grass has causes as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

44.1Sammukhāvinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution face-to-face?44.2Sativinayo …pe…… of resolution through recollection?44.3amūḷhavinayo …pe…… of resolution because of past insanity?44.4paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ …pe…… of acting according to what has been admitted?44.5yebhuyyasikā …pe…… of a majority decision?44.6tassapāpiyasikā …pe…… of a further penalty?44.7tiṇavatthārako kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of covering over as if with grass?

44.8Sammukhāvinayo paccayanidāno, paccayasamudayo, paccayajātiko, paccayapabhavo, paccayasambhāro, paccayasamuṭṭhāno.Resolution face-to-face has conditions as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.44.9Sativinayo …pe…Resolution through recollection …44.10amūḷhavinayo …pe…Resolution because of past insanity …44.11paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ paccayanidānaṁ, paccayasamudayaṁ, paccayajātikaṁ, paccayapabhavaṁ, paccayasambhāraṁ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Acting according to what has been admitted …44.12Yebhuyyasikā …pe…A majority decision …44.13tassapāpiyasikā paccayanidānā, paccayasamudayā, paccayajātikā, paccayapabhavā, paccayasambhārā, paccayasamuṭṭhānā.A further penalty …44.14Tiṇavatthārako paccayanidāno, paccayasamudayo, paccayajātiko, paccayapabhavo, paccayasambhāro, paccayasamuṭṭhāno.Covering over as if with grass has conditions as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

45.1Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ kati mūlāni, kati samuṭṭhānā?How many roots do the seven principles for settling legal issues have, and how many originations?45.2Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ chabbīsa mūlāni, chattiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.They have twenty-six roots and thirty-six originations.45.3Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ katamāni chabbīsa mūlāni?What are those twenty-six roots?45.4Sammukhāvinayassa cattāri mūlāni—Resolution face-to-face has four roots:45.5saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā;face-to-face with the Sangha, face-to-face with the Teaching, face-to-face with the Monastic Law, face-to-face with the persons concerned.45.6sativinayassa cattāri mūlāni;Resolution through recollection has four roots.45.7amūḷhavinayassa cattāri mūlāni;Resolution because of past insanity has four roots.45.8paṭiññātakaraṇassa dve mūlāni—Acting according to what has been admitted has two roots:45.9yo ca deseti yassa ca deseti;The one who confesses and the one he confesses to.45.10yebhuyyasikāya cattāri mūlāni;A majority decision has four roots.45.11tassapāpiyasikāya cattāri mūlāni;A further penalty has four roots.45.12tiṇavatthārakassa cattāri mūlāni—Covering over as if with grass has four roots:45.13saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā—face-to-face with the Sangha, face-to-face with the Teaching, face-to-face with the Monastic Law, face-to-face with the persons concerned.45.14sattannaṁ samathānaṁ imāni chabbīsa mūlāni.

46.1Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ katame chattiṁsa samuṭṭhānā?What are those thirty-six originations?46.2Sativinayassa kammassa kiriyā, karaṇaṁ, upagamanaṁ, ajjhupagamanaṁ, adhivāsanā, appaṭikkosanā.The doing of, the performing of, the participation in, the consent to, the agreement to, the non-objection to a legal procedure of resolution through recollection.46.3Amūḷhavinayassa kammassa …pe…… a legal procedure of resolution because of past insanity.46.4paṭiññātakaraṇassa kammassa …… a legal procedure of acting according to what has been admitted.46.5yebhuyyasikāya kammassa …… a legal procedure of majority decision.46.6tassapāpiyasikāya kammassa …… a legal procedure of further penalty.46.7tiṇavatthārakassa kammassa kiriyā, karaṇaṁ, upagamanaṁ, ajjhupagamanaṁ, adhivāsanā, appaṭikkosanā—The doing of, the performing of, the participation in, the consent to, the agreement to, the non-objection to a legal procedure of covering over as if with grass.46.8sattannaṁ samathānaṁ ime chattiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.

47.010. Sattasamathanānatthādi10. The variety in meaning, etc., between the seven principles for settling legal issues

47.1Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṁ?“Are resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection different in meaning and different in wording, or the same in meaning and just different in wording?⁶47.2Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…Are resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …47.3sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …Are resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …47.4sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …Are resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …47.5sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …Are resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …47.6sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṁ?Are resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass different in meaning and different in wording, or the same in meaning and just different in wording?47.7Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca.Resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection are different in meaning and different in wording.47.8Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…Resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …47.9sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …Resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …47.10sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …Resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …47.11sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …Resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …47.12sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca.Resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass are different in meaning and different in wording.

48.1PTS 5.157Vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo, adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca?Are there disputes that are also legal issues arising from a dispute? Are there disputes that are not legal issues? Are there legal issues that are not disputes? Are there legal issues that are also disputes?

48.2Siyā vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.There are disputes that are also legal issues arising from a dispute. There are disputes that are not legal issues. There are legal issues that are not disputes. There are legal issues that are also disputes.

49.1Tattha katamo vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ?How is there a dispute that is also a legal issue arising from a dispute?49.2Idha bhikkhū vivadanti dhammoti vā adhammoti vā …pe…It may be that monks are disputing, saying, ‘This is the Teaching’, ‘This is contrary to the Teaching’ …49.3duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā.‘This is a grave offense’, or ‘This is a minor offense.’49.4Yaṁ tattha bhaṇḍanaṁ, kalaho, viggaho, vivādo, nānāvādo, aññathāvādo, vipaccatāya vohāro, medhakaṁ—In regard to this, whatever there is of quarreling, arguing, conflict, disputing, variety in opinion, difference in opinion, heated speech, or strife—49.5ayaṁ vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.this is a dispute that is also a legal issue arising from a dispute.

50.1Tattha katamo vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ?How is there a dispute that is not a legal issue?50.2Mātāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi mātarā vivadati, pitāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi pitarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhātarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhaginiyā vivadati, bhaginīpi bhātarā vivadati, sahāyopi sahāyena vivadati—A mother disputes with her offspring; an offspring with their mother; a father with his offspring; an offspring with their father; a brother with his brother; a brother with his sister; a sister with her brother; a friend with their friend—50.3ayaṁ vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ.these are disputes that are not legal issues.

51.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo?How is there a legal issue that is not a dispute?51.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ—A legal issue arising from an accusation, a legal issue arising from an offense, a legal issue arising from business—51.3idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo.these are legal issues that are not disputes.

52.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca?How is there a legal issue that is also a dispute?52.2Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.A legal issue arising from a dispute is a legal issue and also a dispute.

53.1Anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo, adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca?Are there accusations that are also legal issues arising from accusations? Are there accusations that are not legal issues? Are there legal issues that are not accusations? Are there legal issues that are also accusations?

53.2Siyā anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.There are accusations that are also legal issues arising from accusations. There are accusations that are not legal issues. There are legal issues that are not accusations. There are legal issues that are also accusations.

54.1Tattha katamo anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ?How is there an accusation that is also a legal issue arising from an accusation?54.2Idha bhikkhū bhikkhuṁ anuvadanti sīlavipattiyā vā ācāravipattiyā vā diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ājīvavipattiyā vā.It may be that monks accuse a monk of failure in morality, conduct, view, or livelihood.54.3Yo tattha anuvādo, anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṁ—In regard to this, whatever there is of accusations, accusing, allegations, blame, taking sides because of friendship, taking part in the accusation, or supporting the accusation—54.4ayaṁ anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.this is an accusation that is also a legal issue arising from an accusation.

55.1Tattha katamo anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ?How is there an accusation that is not a legal issue?55.2Mātāpi puttaṁ anuvadati, puttopi mātaraṁ anuvadati, pitāpi puttaṁ anuvadati, puttopi pitaraṁ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhātaraṁ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhaginiṁ anuvadati, bhaginīpi bhātaraṁ anuvadati, sahāyopi sahāyaṁ anuvadati—A mother accuses her offspring; an offspring their mother; a father his offspring; an offspring their father; a brother his brother; a brother his sister; a sister her brother; a friend their friend—55.3ayaṁ anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ.these are accusations that are not legal issues.

56.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo?How is there a legal issue that is not an accusation?56.2Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ vivādādhikaraṇaṁ—A legal issue arising from an offense, a legal issue arising from business, a legal issue arising from a dispute—56.3idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo.these are legal issues that are not accusations.

57.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca?How is there a legal issue that is also an accusation?57.2Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.A legal issue arising from an accusation is a legal issue and also an accusation.

58.1Āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti, adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca?Are there offenses that are also legal issues arising from an offense? Are there offenses that are not legal issues? Are there legal issues that are not offenses? Are there legal issues that are also offenses?

58.2Siyā āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti, siyā adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca.There are offenses that are also legal issues arising from an offense. There are offenses that are not legal issues. There are legal issues that are not offenses. There are legal issues that are also offenses.

59.1Tattha katamā āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ?How is there an offense that is also a legal issue arising from an offense?59.2Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.There are legal issues arising from offenses because of the five classes of offenses,59.3Sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.and there are legal issues arising from offenses because of the seven classes of offenses—59.4Ayaṁ āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.these are offenses that are also legal issues arising from an offense.

60.1Tattha katamā āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ?How is there an offense that is not a legal issue?60.2Sotāpatti samāpatti—The attainment of streamentry—60.3ayaṁ āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ.this is an offense/attainment that is not a legal issue.⁷

61.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti?How is there a legal issue that is not an offense?61.2Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ vivādādhikaraṇaṁ anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ—A legal issue arising from business, a legal issue arising from a dispute, a legal issue arising from an accusation—61.3idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti.these are legal issues that are not offenses.

62.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca?How is there a legal issue that is also an offense?62.2Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca.A legal issue arising from an offense is a legal issue and also an offense.

63.1Kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ, adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca?Is there business that is also a legal issue arising from business? Is there business that is not a legal issue? Are there legal issues that are not business? Are there legal issues that are also business?

63.2Siyā kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca.There is business that is also a legal issue arising from business. There is business that is not a legal issue. There are legal issues that are not business. There are legal issues that are also business.

64.1Tattha katamaṁ kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ?How is there business that is also a legal issue arising from business?64.2Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā karaṇīyatā apalokanakammaṁ ñattikammaṁ ñattidutiyakammaṁ ñatticatutthakammaṁ—Whatever is the duty or the business of the Sangha—a legal procedure consisting of getting permission, a legal procedure consisting of one motion, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements—64.3idaṁ kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.this is business that is also a legal issue arising from business.

65.1Tattha katamaṁ kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ?How is there business that is not a legal issue?65.2Ācariyakiccaṁ upajjhāyakiccaṁ samānupajjhāyakiccaṁ samānācariyakiccaṁ—The duty to a teacher, the duty to a preceptor, the duty to a co-student, the duty to a co-pupil—65.3idaṁ kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ.these kinds of business are not legal issues.

66.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ?How is there a legal issue that is not business?66.2Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ āpattādhikaraṇaṁ—A legal issue arising from a dispute, a legal issue arising from an accusation, a legal issue arising from an offense—66.3idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ.these are legal issues that are not business.

67.1Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca?How is there a legal issue that is also business?67.2Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva kiccaṁ cāti.A legal issue arising from business is a legal issue and also business.”

68.1Adhikaraṇabhedaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.Various aspects of the four kinds of legal issues are finished.