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SN 11.20PTS (1st ed) SN 1.2351 min read

Homage of the Saṅgha

Saṁghavandanāsutta

When Sakka sets out on a pleasure jaunt, he begins by lifting his joined palms to the Saṅgha of mendicants. His charioteer Mātali asks why Sakka venerates smelly mendicants. Sakka replies that he venerates them for their renunciation and peacefulness.

Translated by Bhikkhu Sujato · Pāli: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka · Public domain (CC0) via SuttaCentral

  • 0.1Saṁyutta Nikāya 11.20Linked Discourses 11.20
  • 0.22. DutiyavaggaChapter Two

0.3SaṅghavandanāsuttaHomage of the Saṅgha

1.1Sāvatthiyaṁ jetavane.Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove.1.2Tatra kho …pe… etadavoca:

1.3“bhūtapubbaṁ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātaliṁ saṅgāhakaṁ āmantesi:“Once upon a time, mendicants, Sakka, lord of gods, addressed his chariot handler Mātali,1.4‘yojehi, samma mātali, sahassayuttaṁ ājaññarathaṁ, uyyānabhūmiṁ gacchāma subhūmiṁ dassanāyā’ti.‘My dear Mātali, harness the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds. We will go to a park and see the scenery.’

1.5‘Evaṁ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā, sahassayuttaṁ ājaññarathaṁ yojetvā sakkassa devānamindassa paṭivedesi:‘Yes, lord,’ replied Mātali. He harnessed the chariot and informed Sakka,1.6‘yutto kho te, mārisa, sahassayutto ājaññaratho,‘Good fellow, the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds has been harnessed.1.7yassadāni kālaṁ maññasī’ti.Please go at your convenience.’

1.8Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vejayantapāsādā orohanto añjaliṁ katvā sudaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ namassati.Then Sakka descended from the Palace of Victory, raised his cupped palms, and revered the mendicant Saṅgha.

1.9Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṁ devānamindaṁ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi:So Mātali the chariot handler addressed Sakka in verse:

2.1‘Tañhi ete namasseyyuṁ,‘It’s these who should worship you,2.2pūtidehasayā narā;namely the humans stuck in their putrid bodies,2.3Nimuggā kuṇapamhete,sunk in a carcass,2.4khuppipāsasamappitā.stricken by hunger and thirst.

3.1Kiṁ nu tesaṁ pihayasi,Why then do you envy those3.2anāgārāna vāsava;who are homeless, Vāsava?13.3Ācāraṁ isinaṁ brūhi,Relate the seers’ way of life,3.4taṁ suṇoma vaco tavā’ti.let us hear what you say.’

4.1‘Etaṁ tesaṁ pihayāmi,‘This is why I envy the4.2anāgārāna mātali;homeless, Mātali.4.3Yamhā gāmā pakkamanti,When they leave a village,4.4anapekkhā vajanti te.they proceed without concern.

5.1Na tesaṁ koṭṭhe openti,They hoard no goods in storerooms,5.2na kumbhi na kaḷopiyaṁ;nor in pots or baskets.5.3Paraniṭṭhitamesānā,They seek food prepared by others,25.4tena yāpenti subbatā.and, true to their vows, live on that.

6.1Sumantamantino dhīrā,The attentive, whose words are full of wisdom,6.2tuṇhībhūtā samañcarā;live peacefully and quietly.6.3Devā viruddhā asurehi,Gods fight with titans,6.4puthu maccā ca mātali.and mortals fight each other, Mātali.

7.1Aviruddhā viruddhesu,Not fighting among those who fight,7.2attadaṇḍesu nibbutā;quenched among those who have taken up arms,7.3Sādānesu anādānā,not grasping among those who grasp:7.4te namassāmi mātalī’ti.they’re who I worship, Mātali.’

8.1‘Seṭṭhā hi kira lokasmiṁ,‘Those who you worship8.2ye tvaṁ sakka namassasi;seem to be the best in the world, Sakka.8.3Ahampi te namassāmi,I too will worship8.4ye namassasi vāsavā’”ti.those who you worship, Vāsava.’

9.1Idaṁ vatvāna maghavā,After saying this, Maghavā the chief,9.2devarājā sujampati;king of gods, Sujā’s husband,9.3Bhikkhusaṅghaṁ namassitvā,having worshiped the mendicant Saṅgha,9.4pamukho rathamāruhīti.climbed into his chariot.”

9.5Dutiyo vaggo.

10.0Tassuddānaṁ

10.1Devā pana tayo vuttā,10.2daliddañca rāmaṇeyyakaṁ;10.3Yajamānañca vandanā,10.4tayo sakkanamassanāti.

Translator’s notes

  1. Mātali deploys this epithet very precisely. Vāsava, originally meaning “wealthy one” is interpreted in Pali as the “houser” (SN 11.12:4.1). Both senses draw on Indra’s bounty, which he generously bestows on his acolytes. Mātali implies that, since renunciates have no home, they must have been deficient in their worship. The narrative hinges on the shift from the Vedic religion of prosperity to the Buddhist value of letting go.

    ↩ sn11.20:3.2
  2. “Prepared by others” is paraniṭṭhita. The same phrase is at Thig 13.2:13.3, where it is spelled pari-, but I assume they should both be para (“other”). Mendicants do not cook, but rely on what is cooked by others.

    ↩ sn11.20:5.3