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SN 36.4PTS SN 4.2061 min read

The Abyss

Pātālasutta

Ordinary people think the ocean is a bottomless abyss; but really, it is the three feelings.

Translated by Bhikkhu Sujato · Pāli: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka · Public domain (CC0) via SuttaCentral

  • 0.1Saṁyutta Nikāya 36.4Linked Discourses 36.4
  • 0.21. Sagāthāvagga1. With Verses

0.3PātālasuttaThe Abyss

1.1“Assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano yaṁ vācaṁ bhāsati:“Mendicants, when an unlearned ordinary person says that1.2‘atthi mahāsamudde pātālo’ti.there’s an abyss under the ocean,11.3Taṁ kho panetaṁ, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano asantaṁ avijjamānaṁ evaṁ vācaṁ bhāsati:they’re speaking of something that doesn’t exist.1.4‘atthi mahāsamudde pātālo’ti.

1.5Sārīrikānaṁ kho etaṁ, bhikkhave, dukkhānaṁ vedanānaṁ adhivacanaṁ yadidaṁ ‘pātālo’ti.‘Abyss’ is a term for painful physical feelings.

1.6Assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano sārīrikāya dukkhāya vedanāya phuṭṭho samāno socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṁ kandati sammohaṁ āpajjati.When an unlearned ordinary person experiences painful physical feelings they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.1.7Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ‘assutavā puthujjano pātāle na paccuṭṭhāsi, gādhañca nājjhagā’.They’re called an unlearned ordinary person who hasn’t stood up in the abyss and has found no footing.

1.8Sutavā ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako sārīrikāya dukkhāya vedanāya phuṭṭho samāno neva socati, na kilamati, na paridevati, na urattāḷiṁ kandati, na sammohaṁ āpajjati.When a learned noble disciple experiences painful physical feelings they don’t sorrow or wail or lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.1.9Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ‘sutavā ariyasāvako pātāle paccuṭṭhāsi, gādhañca ajjhagā’ti.They’re called a learned noble disciple who has stood up in the abyss and found a footing.

2.1Yo etā nādhivāseti,If you can’t abide2.2uppannā vedanā dukhā;those painful physical feelings2.3Sārīrikā pāṇaharā,that arise and sap your vitality;2.4yāhi phuṭṭho pavedhati.if you tremble at their touch,

3.1Akkandati parodati,weeping and wailing,3.2dubbalo appathāmako;a weakling lacking strength—3.3Na so pātāle paccuṭṭhāsi,you won’t stand up in the abyss3.4atho gādhampi nājjhagā.and find a footing.

4.1PTS 4.207Yo cetā adhivāseti,If you can endure4.2uppannā vedanā dukhā;those painful physical feelings4.3Sārīrikā pāṇaharā,that arise and sap your vitality;4.4yāhi phuṭṭho na vedhati;if you don’t tremble at their touch—4.5Sa ve pātāle paccuṭṭhāsi,you stand up in the abyss4.6atho gādhampi ajjhagā”ti.and find a footing.”

4.7Catutthaṁ.

Translator’s notes

  1. While the Buddha routinely spoke of various heavenly or lower realms, he only uses the term pātāla (“abyss”) in metaphorical senses (SN 9.1:3.3, SN 1.44:1.4). Tālapuṭa refers to it as a place, but this is in a line of poetry referring to mythical dangers of the oceans (Thag 19.1:14.2). The “Abyss” in the Purāṇas is said to be the lowest of the seven nether realms, but it is no hell. Rather, it is the glorious, jewel-festooned city of the dragons, beneath which Viṣṇu dwells, and whose glories exceed even the heavens (Śiva Purāṇa 5.15; Agni Purāṇa 120.2; Nārada Purāṇa 1.3.38). Perhaps the Buddha rejected such a notion as incompatible with his cosmology.

    ↩ sn36.4:1.2