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SN 6.6PTS (1st ed) SN 1.1462 min read

The Negligent Divinity

Brahmalokasutta

The brahmās Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa note that a fellow-brahmā is living in negligence, overly impressed with his own glory, so they go to shake him from his complacence.

Translated by Bhikkhu Sujato · Pāli: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka · Public domain (CC0) via SuttaCentral

  • 0.1Saṁyutta Nikāya 6.6Linked Discourses 6.6
  • 0.21. Paṭhamavagga1. The Appeal

0.3BrahmalokasuttaThe Negligent Divinity

1.1Sāvatthinidānaṁ.At Sāvatthī.

1.2Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno.Now at that time the Buddha had gone into retreat for the day’s meditation.

1.3Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṁ dvārabāhaṁ upanissāya aṭṭhaṁsu. Atha kho subrahmā paccekabrahmā suddhāvāsaṁ paccekabrahmānaṁ etadavoca:Then the independent divinities Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa went to the Buddha and stationed themselves one by each door-post. But Subrahmā said to Suddhāvāsa,11.4“akālo kho tāva, mārisa, bhagavantaṁ payirupāsituṁ;“Good fellow, it’s the wrong time to pay homage to the Buddha.1.5divāvihāragato bhagavā paṭisallīno ca.He has gone into retreat for the day’s meditation.1.6Asuko ca brahmaloko iddho ceva phīto ca, brahmā ca tatra pamādavihāraṁ viharati.But such-and-such realm of divinity is successful and prosperous, while the divinity living there is negligent.1.7Āyāma, mārisa, yena so brahmaloko tenupasaṅkamissāma; upasaṅkamitvā taṁ brahmānaṁ saṁvejeyyāmā”ti.Come, let’s go to that realm of divinity and inspire awe in that divinity!”

1.8“Evaṁ, mārisā”ti kho suddhāvāso paccekabrahmā subrahmuno paccekabrahmuno paccassosi.“Yes, good fellow,” replied Suddhāvāsa.

2.1Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā—seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso …pe… evameva—bhagavato purato antarahitā tasmiṁ brahmaloke pāturahesuṁ.Then, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, they vanished from in front of the Buddha and appeared in that realm of divinity.

2.2Addasā kho so brahmā te brahmāno dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna te brahmāno etadavoca:That divinity saw those divinities coming off in the distance and said to them,2.3“handa kuto nu tumhe, mārisā, āgacchathā”ti?“Well now, good fellows, where have you come from?”

2.4“Āgatā kho mayaṁ, mārisa, amha tassa bhagavato santikā arahato sammāsambuddhassa.“Good fellow, we’ve come from the presence of the Blessed One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha.2.5Gaccheyyāsi pana tvaṁ, mārisa, tassa bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassā”ti?Shouldn’t you go to attend on that Blessed One?”2

3.1Evaṁ vutto, kho so brahmā taṁ vacanaṁ anadhivāsento sahassakkhattuṁ attānaṁ abhinimminitvā subrahmānaṁ paccekabrahmānaṁ etadavoca:When they had spoken, that divinity refused to accept their advice. He multiplied himself a thousand times and said to Subrahmā,33.2“passasi me no tvaṁ, mārisa, evarūpaṁ iddhānubhāvan”ti?“Good fellow, can’t you see that I have such psychic power?”

3.3“Passāmi kho tyāhaṁ, mārisa, evarūpaṁ iddhānubhāvan”ti.“I see that, good fellow.”

3.4“So khvāhaṁ, mārisa, evaṁmahiddhiko evaṁmahānubhāvo kassa aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā upaṭṭhānaṁ gamissāmī”ti?“Since I have such psychic power and might, what other ascetic or brahmin should I go to and attend upon?”

4.1Atha kho subrahmā paccekabrahmā dvisahassakkhattuṁ attānaṁ abhinimminitvā taṁ brahmānaṁ etadavoca:Then Subrahmā multiplied himself two thousand times and said to that divinity,4.2“passasi me no tvaṁ, mārisa, evarūpaṁ iddhānubhāvan”ti?“Good fellow, can’t you see that I have such psychic power?”

4.3“Passāmi kho tyāhaṁ, mārisa, evarūpaṁ iddhānubhāvan”ti.“I see that, good fellow.”

4.4“Tayā ca kho, mārisa, mayā ca sveva bhagavā mahiddhikataro ceva mahānubhāvataro ca.“That Buddha has even more psychic power and might than you or me.4.5Gaccheyyāsi tvaṁ, mārisa, tassa bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassā”ti?Shouldn’t you go to attend on that Blessed One?”

4.6Atha kho so brahmā subrahmānaṁ paccekabrahmānaṁ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi:Then that divinity addressed Subrahmā in verse:

5.1“Tayo supaṇṇā caturo ca haṁsā,“There are three hundreds of phoenixes, <j>four of swans,45.2Byagghīnisā pañcasatā ca jhāyino;and five of tigerhawks. <j>To he who practiced absorption55.3Tayidaṁ vimānaṁ jalate ca brahme,belongs this palace; it shines, Divinity,65.4Obhāsayaṁ uttarassaṁ disāyan”ti.lighting up the northern quarter!”

6.1“Kiñcāpi te taṁ jalate vimānaṁ,“So what if your palace shines,6.2Obhāsayaṁ uttarassaṁ disāyaṁ;lighting up the northern quarter?6.3Rūpe raṇaṁ disvā sadā pavedhitaṁ,A clever person, seeing the strife in form,6.4Tasmā na rūpe ramatī sumedho”ti.its chronic trembling, takes no pleasure in it.”

7.1Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā taṁ brahmānaṁ saṁvejetvā tatthevantaradhāyiṁsu.Then after inspiring awe in that divinity, the independent divinities Subrahmā and Suddhāvāsa vanished right there.7.2Agamāsi ca kho so brahmā aparena samayena bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassāti.And after some time that divinity went to attend on the Buddha.

Translator’s notes

  1. This pair feature in the next two suttas as well. For Subrahmā, see note on SN 2.17:1.1. The name Suddhāvāsa suggests he was from the Pure Abodes. Perhaps both were, which would explain their devotion to the Buddha and the Dhamma. But the commentary is silent.

    Independent divinities (paccekabrahmā) are without a retinue, although not, it seems, without a friend.

    ↩ sn6.6:1.3
  2. The Pali is ambiguous, but I think this should be a question. Compare the similar syntax at AN 6.62:7.8.

    ↩ sn6.6:2.5
  3. As so often, divinities in Buddhist texts try to distinguish themselves by power, not by wisdom or compassion.

    ↩ sn6.6:3.1
  4. The haṁsa is a swan or goose. Though rarely seen in most of India today, the swan is a fitting image in such elevated contexts.

    The “hundred” of the next line should be distributed to the numbers in this line, too, per the commentary.

    ↩ sn6.6:5.1
  5. Byagghīnisā (“night-tiger”?) appears only here and in another list of birds at Ja 547:420.1 (variant byagghinasā), where the commentary glosses sena, a “raptor”. “Tigerhawk” is not a real name, but it sounds cool.

    ↩ sn6.6:5.2
  6. Jalate (“shines”) here and below is reflexive indicative.

    ↩ sn6.6:5.3