1.1PTS 5.225“Adhammo ca, bhikkhave, veditabbo dhammo ca;“Mendicants, you should know bad principles and good principles.1.2anattho ca veditabbo attho ca.And you should know bad results and good results.1.3Adhammañca viditvā dhammañca, anatthañca viditvā atthañca yathā dhammo yathā attho tathā paṭipajjitabban”ti.Knowing these things, your practice should follow the good principles with good results.”

1.4Idamavoca bhagavā.That is what the Buddha said.1.5Idaṁ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ pāvisi.When he had spoken, the Holy One rose from his seat and entered his dwelling.

2.1Atha kho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi:Soon after the Buddha left, those mendicants considered,2.2“idaṁ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṁ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṁ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ paviṭṭho:“The Buddha gave this brief summary recital, then entered his dwelling without explaining the meaning in detail.2.3‘adhammo ca, bhikkhave, veditabbo dhammo ca;2.4anattho ca veditabbo attho ca.2.5Adhammañca viditvā dhammañca, anatthañca viditvā atthañca yathā dhammo yathā attho tathā paṭipajjitabban’ti.2.6Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṁ vibhajeyyā”ti?Who can explain in detail the meaning of this brief summary recital given by the Buddha?”

3.1Atha kho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi:Then they considered,3.2“ayaṁ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṁvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṁ sabrahmacārīnaṁ.“This Venerable Ānanda is praised by the Buddha and esteemed by his sensible spiritual companions.3.3Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṁ vibhajituṁ.He is capable of explaining in detail the meaning of this brief summary recital given by the Buddha.3.4Yannūna mayaṁ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etamatthaṁ paṭipuccheyyāma.Let’s go to him, and ask him about this matter.3.5Yathā no āyasmā ānando byākarissati tathā naṁ dhāressāmā”ti.As he answers, so we’ll remember it.”

4.1Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu.Then those mendicants went to Ānanda, and exchanged greetings with him.4.2Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavocuṁ:When the greetings and polite conversation were over, they sat down to one side. They told him what had happened, and said,5.1“Idaṁ kho no, āvuso ānanda, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṁ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṁ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ paviṭṭho:5.2‘adhammo ca …pe…5.3tathā paṭipajjitabban’ti.6.1PTS 5.226Tesaṁ no, āvuso, amhākaṁ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi:6.2‘idaṁ kho no, āvuso, bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesaṁ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṁ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ paviṭṭho—6.3adhammo ca …pe…6.4tathā paṭipajjitabbanti.6.5Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṁ vibhajeyyā’ti?7.1Tesaṁ no, āvuso, amhākaṁ etadahosi:7.2‘ayaṁ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṁvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṁ sabrahmacārīnaṁ.7.3Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṁ vibhajituṁ.7.4Yannūna mayaṁ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etamatthaṁ paṭipuccheyyāma.7.5Yathā no āyasmā ānando byākarissati tathā naṁ dhāressāmā’ti.7.6Vibhajatu āyasmā ānando”ti.“May Venerable Ānanda please explain this.”

8.1PTS 5.227“Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva mūlaṁ atikkamma khandhaṁ sākhāpalāse sāraṁ pariyesitabbaṁ maññeyya;“Reverends, suppose there was a person in need of heartwood. And while wandering in search of heartwood he’d come across a large tree standing with heartwood. But he’d pass over the roots and trunk, imagining that the heartwood should be sought in the branches and leaves.8.2evaṁsampadamidaṁ āyasmantānaṁ satthari sammukhībhūte taṁ bhagavantaṁ atisitvā amhe etamatthaṁ paṭipucchitabbaṁ maññatha.Such is the consequence for the venerables. Though you were face to face with the Buddha, you bypassed him, imagining that you should ask me about this matter.8.3So hāvuso, bhagavā jānaṁ jānāti passaṁ passati, cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato.For he is the Buddha, the one who knows and sees. He is vision, he is knowledge, he is the manifestation of principle, he is the manifestation of divinity. He is the preacher, the proclaimer, the elucidator of meaning, the bestower of freedom from death, the lord of truth, the Realized One.8.4So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṁ tumhe bhagavantaṁyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṁ paṭipuccheyyātha.That was the time to approach the Buddha and ask about this matter.8.5Yathā vo bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṁ dhāreyyāthā”ti.You should have remembered it in line with the Buddha’s answer.”

9.1“Addhāvuso ānanda, bhagavā jānaṁ jānāti passaṁ passati cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato.“Certainly he is the Buddha, the one who knows and sees. He is vision, he is knowledge, he is the manifestation of principle, he is the manifestation of divinity. He is the preacher, the proclaimer, the elucidator of meaning, the bestower of freedom from death, the lord of truth, the Realized One.9.2So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṁ mayaṁ bhagavantaṁyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṁ paṭipuccheyyāma,That was the time to approach the Buddha and ask about this matter.9.3yathā no bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṁ dhāreyyāma.We should have remembered it in line with the Buddha’s answer.9.4Api cāyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṁvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṁ sabrahmacārīnaṁ.Still, Venerable Ānanda is praised by the Buddha and esteemed by his sensible spiritual companions.9.5Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṁ vibhajituṁ.You are capable of explaining in detail the meaning of this brief summary recital given by the Buddha.9.6Vibhajatāyasmā ānando agaruṁ katvā”ti.Please explain this, if it’s no trouble.”

10.1“Tenahāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.“Then listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”

10.2“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paccassosuṁ.“Yes, reverend,” they replied.10.3Athāyasmā ānando etadavoca:Ānanda said this:

11.1“Yaṁ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṁ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṁ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ paviṭṭho:“Reverends, the Buddha gave this brief summary recital, then entered his dwelling without explaining the meaning in detail:11.2‘adhammo ca, bhikkhave, veditabbo dhammo ca;‘You should know bad principles and good principles.11.3anattho ca veditabbo attho ca.And you should know bad results and good results.11.4Adhammañca viditvā dhammañca, anatthañca viditvā atthañca yathā dhammo yathā attho tathā paṭipajjitabban’ti.Knowing these things, your practice should follow the good principles with good results.’

12.1Katamo cāvuso, adhammo, katamo ca dhammo, katamo ca anattho, katamo ca attho?So what are bad principles? What are good principles? What are bad results? And what are good results?

13.1Micchādiṭṭhi, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong view is a bad principle.13.2sammādiṭṭhi dhammo;Right view is a good principle.13.3ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, ayaṁ anattho;And the many bad, unskillful qualities produced by wrong view are bad results.13.4sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṁ gacchanti, ayaṁ attho.And the many skillful qualities fully developed because of right view are good results.

14.1PTS 5.228Micchāsaṅkappo, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong purpose is a bad principle.14.2sammāsaṅkappo dhammo …Right purpose is a good principle. …14.3micchāvācā, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong speech is a bad principle.14.4sammāvācā dhammo …Right speech is a good principle. …14.5micchākammanto, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong action is a bad principle.14.6sammākammanto dhammo …Right action is a good principle. …14.7micchāājīvo, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong livelihood is a bad principle.14.8sammāājīvo dhammo …Right livelihood is a good principle. …14.9micchāvāyāmo, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong effort is a bad principle.14.10sammāvāyāmo dhammo …Right effort is a good principle. …14.11micchāsati, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong mindfulness is a bad principle.14.12sammāsati dhammo …Right mindfulness is a good principle. …14.13micchāsamādhi, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong immersion is a bad principle.14.14sammāsamādhi dhammo …Right immersion is a good principle. …14.15micchāñāṇaṁ, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong knowledge is a bad principle.14.16sammāñāṇaṁ dhammo ….Right knowledge is a good principle. …

15.1Micchāvimutti, āvuso, adhammo;Wrong freedom is a bad principle.15.2sammāvimutti dhammo;Right freedom is a good principle.15.3ye ca micchāvimuttipaccayā aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti, ayaṁ anattho;And the many bad, unskillful qualities produced by wrong freedom are bad results.15.4sammāvimuttipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṁ gacchanti, ayaṁ attho.And the many skillful qualities fully developed because of right freedom are good results.

16.1Ayaṁ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṁ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṁ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ paviṭṭho:The Buddha gave this brief summary recital, then entered his dwelling without explaining the meaning in detail:16.2‘adhammo ca, bhikkhave, veditabbo dhammo ca …pe…‘You should know bad principles and good principles …16.3tathā paṭipajjitabban’ti, imassa kho ahaṁ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa evaṁ vitthārena atthaṁ ājānāmi.and practice accordingly.’ And this is how I understand the detailed meaning of this summary recital.16.4Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe, āvuso, bhagavantaṁyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṁ paṭipuccheyyātha.If you wish, you may go to the Buddha and ask him about this.16.5Yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṁ dhāreyyāthā”ti.You should remember it in line with the Buddha’s answer.”

17.1“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:“Yes, reverend,” said those mendicants, approving and agreeing with what Ānanda said. Then they rose from their seats and went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened. Then they said:

18.1“Yaṁ kho no bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṁ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṁ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ paviṭṭho:18.2‘adhammo ca, bhikkhave, veditabbo …pe…18.3tathā paṭipajjitabban’ti.

19.1PTS 5.229Tesaṁ no, bhante, amhākaṁ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi:19.2‘idaṁ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṅkhittena uddesaṁ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṁ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṁ paviṭṭho—19.3adhammo ca, bhikkhave, veditabbo …pe…19.4tathā paṭipajjitabbanti.19.5Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṁ vibhajeyyā’ti?

20.1Tesaṁ no, bhante, amhākaṁ etadahosi:20.2‘ayaṁ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṁvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṁ sabrahmacārīnaṁ.20.3Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṅkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṁ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṁ vibhajituṁ.20.4Yannūna mayaṁ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etamatthaṁ paṭipuccheyyāma.20.5Yathā no āyasmā ānando byākarissati tathā naṁ dhāressāmā’ti.

21.1Atha kho mayaṁ, bhante, yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamimhā; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etamatthaṁ apucchimhā.“Sir, we went to Ānanda and asked him about this matter.21.2Tesaṁ no, bhante, āyasmatā ānandena imehi ākārehi imehi padehi imehi byañjanehi attho suvibhatto”ti.And Ānanda clearly explained the meaning to us in this manner, with these words and phrases.”

22.1“Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave.“Good, good, mendicants!22.2Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, ānando.Ānanda is astute,22.3Mahāpañño, bhikkhave, ānando.he has great wisdom.22.4Mañcepi tumhe, bhikkhave, upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṁ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi cetaṁ evamevaṁ byākareyyaṁ yathā taṁ ānandena byākataṁ.If you came to me and asked this question, I would answer it in exactly the same way as Ānanda.22.5Eso ceva tassa attho evañca naṁ dhāreyyāthā”ti.That is what it means, and that’s how you should remember it.”

22.6Tatiyaṁ.