1.1PTS 5.162Ekaṁ samayaṁ āyasmā mahākassapo rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe.At one time Venerable Mahākassapa was staying near Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground.1.2Tatra kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū āmantesi:There he addressed the mendicants:1.3“āvuso bhikkhave”ti.“Reverends, mendicants!”

1.4“Āvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahākassapassa paccassosuṁ.“Reverend,” they replied.1.5Āyasmā mahākassapo etadavoca:Venerable Mahākassapa said this:

2.1“Idhāvuso, bhikkhu aññaṁ byākaroti:“Take a mendicant who declares enlightenment:2.2‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti.‘I understand: “Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.”’2.3Tamenaṁ tathāgato vā tathāgatasāvako vā jhāyī samāpattikusalo paracittakusalo paracittapariyāyakusalo samanuyuñjati samanuggāhati samanubhāsati.They’re pursued, pressed, and grilled by the Realized One, or by one of his disciples who has the absorptions, and is skilled in attainments, in the minds of others, and in encompassing another’s mind.2.4So tathāgatena vā tathāgatasāvakena vā jhāyinā samāpattikusalena paracittakusalena paracittapariyāyakusalena samanuyuñjiyamāno samanuggāhiyamāno samanubhāsiyamāno irīṇaṁ āpajjati vicinaṁ āpajjati anayaṁ āpajjati byasanaṁ āpajjati anayabyasanaṁ āpajjati.Grilled in this way they get stuck or lose their way. They fall to ruin and disaster.

3.1Tamenaṁ tathāgato vā tathāgatasāvako vā jhāyī samāpattikusalo paracittakusalo paracittapariyāyakusalo evaṁ cetasā ceto paricca manasi karoti:The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasses their mind and investigates:3.2‘kiṁ nu kho ayamāyasmā aññaṁ byākaroti—‘Why does this venerable declare enlightenment, saying,3.3khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti.“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place’”?’

4.1Tamenaṁ tathāgato vā tathāgatasāvako vā jhāyī samāpattikusalo paracittakusalo paracittapariyāyakusalo evaṁ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti:They understand,5.1‘Adhimāniko kho ayamāyasmā adhimānasacco, appatte pattasaññī, akate katasaññī, anadhigate adhigatasaññī.‘This venerable overestimates themselves and takes that to be the truth. They perceive that they’ve attained what they haven’t attained, done what they haven’t done, and achieved what they haven’t achieved.5.2Adhimānena aññaṁ byākaroti—And they declare enlightenment out of overestimation:

5.3khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti.“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’”’

6.1PTS 5.163Tamenaṁ tathāgato vā tathāgatasāvako vā jhāyī samāpattikusalo paracittakusalo paracittapariyāyakusalo evaṁ cetasā ceto paricca manasi karoti:The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasses their mind and investigates:6.2‘kiṁ nu kho ayamāyasmā nissāya adhimāniko adhimānasacco, appatte pattasaññī, akate katasaññī, anadhigate adhigatasaññī.‘Why does this venerable overestimate themselves and take that to be the truth? Why do they perceive that they’ve attained what they haven’t attained, done what they haven’t done, and achieved what they haven’t achieved?6.3Adhimānena aññaṁ byākaroti—And why do they declare enlightenment out of overestimation:

6.4khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti.“I understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’”’

7.1Tamenaṁ tathāgato vā tathāgatasāvako vā jhāyī samāpattikusalo paracittakusalo paracittapariyāyakusalo evaṁ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti:They understand,8.1‘Bahussuto kho pana ayamāyasmā sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā.‘This venerable is very learned, remembering and keeping what they’ve learned. These teachings are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased, describing a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. They are very learned in such teachings, remembering them, rehearsing them, mentally scrutinizing them, and penetrating them theoretically.8.2Tasmā ayamāyasmā adhimāniko adhimānasacco, appatte pattasaññī, akate katasaññī, anadhigate adhigatasaññī.Therefore this venerable overestimates themselves and takes that to be the truth. …’8.3Adhimānena aññaṁ byākaroti—8.4khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti.

9.1Tamenaṁ tathāgato vā tathāgatasāvako vā jhāyī samāpattikusalo paracittakusalo paracittapariyāyakusalo evaṁ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti:They understand,10.1‘Abhijjhālu kho pana ayamāyasmā;‘This venerable is covetous,10.2abhijjhāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā bahulaṁ viharati.and often lives with a heart full of covetousness.10.3Abhijjhāpariyuṭṭhānaṁ kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.But being full of covetousness means decline in the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One.

11.1Byāpanno kho pana ayamāyasmā;This venerable has ill will …11.2byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā bahulaṁ viharati.11.3Byāpādapariyuṭṭhānaṁ kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

12.1Thinamiddho kho pana ayamāyasmā;dullness and drowsiness …12.2thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā bahulaṁ viharati.12.3Thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhānaṁ kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

13.1Uddhato kho pana ayamāyasmā;restlessness …13.2uddhaccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā bahulaṁ viharati.13.3Uddhaccapariyuṭṭhānaṁ kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

14.1Vicikiccho kho pana ayamāyasmā;doubt …14.2vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā bahulaṁ viharati.14.3Vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhānaṁ kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

15.1PTS 5.164Kammārāmo kho pana ayamāyasmā kammarato kammārāmataṁ anuyutto.This venerable relishes work. They love it and like to relish it …15.2Kammārāmatā kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

16.1Bhassārāmo kho pana ayamāyasmā bhassarato bhassārāmataṁ anuyutto.This venerable relishes talk …16.2Bhassārāmatā kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

17.1Niddārāmo kho pana ayamāyasmā niddārato niddārāmataṁ anuyutto.sleep …17.2Niddārāmatā kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

18.1Saṅgaṇikārāmo kho pana ayamāyasmā saṅgaṇikarato saṅgaṇikārāmataṁ anuyutto.company …18.2Saṅgaṇikārāmatā kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ.

19.1Sati kho pana ayamāyasmā uttari karaṇīye oramattakena visesādhigamena antarā vosānaṁ āpanno.When there is still more to be done, this venerable stopped half-way after achieving some trifling distinction.19.2Antarā vosānagamanaṁ kho pana tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye parihānametaṁ’.But stopping half-way means decline in the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One.’

20.1So vatāvuso, bhikkhu ‘ime dasa dhamme appahāya imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjissatī’ti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.It is quite impossible for a mendicant to achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training without giving up these ten qualities.20.2So vatāvuso, bhikkhu ‘ime dasa dhamme pahāya imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjissatī’ti ṭhānametaṁ vijjatī”ti.It is quite possible for a mendicant to achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training after giving up these ten qualities.”

20.3Chaṭṭhaṁ.