1.1PTS 1.321Evaṁ me sutaṁ—So I have heard.1.2ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā kosambiyaṁ viharati ghositārāme.At one time the Buddha was staying near Kosambī in Ghosita’s monastery.

2.1Tena kho pana samayena kosambiyaṁ bhikkhū bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti.Now at that time the mendicants of Kosambī were fighting, quarreling, and disputing, continually wounding each other with barbed words.¹2.2Te na ceva aññamaññaṁ saññāpenti na ca saññattiṁ upenti, na ca aññamaññaṁ nijjhāpenti, na ca nijjhattiṁ upenti.They couldn’t persuade each other or be persuaded, nor could they convince each other or be convinced.

3.1Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:Then a mendicant went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what was happening.3.2“idha, bhante, kosambiyaṁ bhikkhū bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharanti, te na ceva aññamaññaṁ saññāpenti, na ca saññattiṁ upenti, na ca aññamaññaṁ nijjhāpenti, na ca nijjhattiṁ upentī”ti.

4.1PTS 1.322Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṁ bhikkhuṁ āmantesi:So the Buddha addressed one of the monks,4.2“ehi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena te bhikkhū āmantehi:“Please, monk, in my name tell those mendicants that4.3‘satthā vo āyasmante āmantetī’”ti.the Teacher summons them.”

4.4“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca:“Yes, sir,” that monk replied. He went to those monks and said,4.5“satthā āyasmante āmantetī”ti.“Venerables, the Teacher summons you.”

4.6“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca:“Yes, reverend,” those monks replied. They went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to them,

4.7“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharatha,“Is it really true, mendicants, that you have been fighting, quarreling, and disputing, continually wounding each other with barbed words?4.8te na ceva aññamaññaṁ saññāpetha, na ca saññattiṁ upetha, na ca aññamaññaṁ nijjhāpetha, na ca nijjhattiṁ upethā”ti?And that you can’t persuade each other or be persuaded, nor can you convince each other or be convinced?”

4.9“Evaṁ, bhante”.“Yes, sir,” they said.

5.1“Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave,“What do you think, mendicants?5.2yasmiṁ tumhe samaye bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharatha, api nu tumhākaṁ tasmiṁ samaye mettaṁ kāyakammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca, mettaṁ vacīkammaṁ …pe… mettaṁ manokammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho cā”ti?When you’re fighting, quarreling, and disputing, continually wounding each other with barbed words, are you treating your spiritual companions with kindness by way of body, speech, and mind, both in public and in private?”

5.3“No hetaṁ, bhante”.“No, sir.”

5.4“Iti kira, bhikkhave, yasmiṁ tumhe samaye bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharatha, neva tumhākaṁ tasmiṁ samaye mettaṁ kāyakammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca, na mettaṁ vacīkammaṁ …pe… na mettaṁ manokammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca.“So it seems that when you’re arguing you are not treating each other with kindness.5.5Atha kiñcarahi tumhe, moghapurisā, kiṁ jānantā kiṁ passantā bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharatha, te na ceva aññamaññaṁ saññāpetha, na ca saññattiṁ upetha, na ca aññamaññaṁ nijjhāpetha, na ca nijjhattiṁ upetha?So what then do you know and see, you futile men, that you behave in such a way?5.6Tañhi tumhākaṁ, moghapurisā, bhavissati dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāyā”ti.This will be for your lasting harm and suffering.”

6.1Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:Then the Buddha said to the mendicants:

6.2“chayime, bhikkhave, dhammā sāraṇīyā piyakaraṇā garukaraṇā saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattanti.“Mendicants, these six warm-hearted qualities make for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without quarreling.²6.3Katame cha?What six?6.4Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno mettaṁ kāyakammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca.Firstly, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with bodily kindness, both in public and in private.6.5Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.This warm-hearted quality makes for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without quarreling.

6.6Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno mettaṁ vacīkammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca.Furthermore, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with verbal kindness …6.7Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.

6.8Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno mettaṁ manokammaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti sabrahmacārīsu āvi ceva raho ca.Furthermore, a mendicant consistently treats their spiritual companions with mental kindness …6.9Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.

6.10Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te lābhā dhammikā dhammaladdhā antamaso pattapariyāpannamattampi, tathārūpehi lābhehi appaṭivibhattabhogī hoti sīlavantehi sabrahmacārīhi sādhāraṇabhogī.Furthermore, a mendicant shares without reservation any material things they have gained by legitimate means, even the food placed in the alms-bowl, using them in common with their ethical spiritual companions …6.11Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.

6.12Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāni tāni sīlāni akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṁvattanikāni tathārūpesu sīlesu sīlasāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca.Furthermore, a mendicant lives according to the precepts shared with their spiritual companions, both in public and in private. Those precepts are intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred, liberating, praised by sensible people, not mistaken, and leading to immersion. …6.13Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.

6.14Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yāyaṁ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā diṭṭhisāmaññagato viharati sabrahmacārīhi āvi ceva raho ca.Furthermore, a mendicant lives according to the view shared with their spiritual companions, both in public and in private. That view is noble and emancipating, and delivers one who applies it to the complete ending of suffering.6.15Ayampi dhammo sāraṇīyo piyakaraṇo garukaraṇo saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattati.This warm-hearted quality makes for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without quarreling.

6.16PTS 1.323Ime kho, bhikkhave, cha sāraṇīyā dhammā piyakaraṇā garukaraṇā saṅgahāya avivādāya sāmaggiyā ekībhāvāya saṁvattanti.These six warm-hearted qualities make for fondness and respect, conducing to inclusion, harmony, and unity, without quarreling.

7.1Imesaṁ kho, bhikkhave, channaṁ sāraṇīyānaṁ dhammānaṁ etaṁ aggaṁ etaṁ saṅgāhikaṁ etaṁ saṅghāṭanikaṁ—yadidaṁ yāyaṁ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya.Of these six warm-hearted qualities, the chief is the view that is noble and emancipating, and delivers one who applies it to the complete ending of suffering. It holds and binds everything together.7.2Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kūṭāgārassa etaṁ aggaṁ etaṁ saṅgāhikaṁ etaṁ saṅghāṭanikaṁ yadidaṁ kūṭaṁ;It’s like a bungalow. The roof-peak is the chief point, which holds and binds everything together.7.3evameva kho, bhikkhave, imesaṁ channaṁ sāraṇīyānaṁ dhammānaṁ etaṁ aggaṁ etaṁ saṅgāhikaṁ etaṁ saṅghāṭanikaṁ yadidaṁ yāyaṁ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya.In the same way, of these six warm-hearted qualities, the chief is the view that is noble and emancipating, and delivers one who applies it to the complete ending of suffering. It holds and binds everything together.

8.1Kathañca, bhikkhave, yāyaṁ diṭṭhi ariyā niyyānikā niyyāti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya?And how does the view that is noble and emancipating lead one who practices it to the complete ending of suffering?8.2Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā iti paṭisañcikkhati:It’s when a mendicant has gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut, and reflects like this,8.3‘atthi nu kho me taṁ pariyuṭṭhānaṁ ajjhattaṁ appahīnaṁ, yenāhaṁ pariyuṭṭhānena pariyuṭṭhitacitto yathābhūtaṁ nappajāneyyaṁ na passeyyan’ti?‘Is there anything that I’m overcome with internally and haven’t given up, because of which I might not accurately know and see?’8.4Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhito hoti, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.If a mendicant is overcome with sensual desire, it’s their mind that’s overcome.8.5Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu byāpādapariyuṭṭhito hoti, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.If a mendicant is overcome with ill will,8.6Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhito hoti, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.dullness and drowsiness,8.7Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhito hoti, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.restlessness and remorse,8.8Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhito hoti, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.doubt,8.9Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu idhalokacintāya pasuto hoti, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.pursuing speculation about this world,8.10Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paralokacintāya pasuto hoti, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.pursuing speculation about the next world,8.11Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bhaṇḍanajāto kalahajāto vivādāpanno aññamaññaṁ mukhasattīhi vitudanto viharati, pariyuṭṭhitacittova hoti.or fighting, quarreling, and disputing, continually wounding others with barbed words, it’s their mind that’s overcome.8.12So evaṁ pajānāti:They understand,8.13‘natthi kho me taṁ pariyuṭṭhānaṁ ajjhattaṁ appahīnaṁ, yenāhaṁ pariyuṭṭhānena pariyuṭṭhitacitto yathābhūtaṁ nappajāneyyaṁ na passeyyaṁ.‘There is nothing that I’m overcome with internally and haven’t given up, because of which I might not accurately know and see.8.14Suppaṇihitaṁ me mānasaṁ saccānaṁ bodhāyā’ti.My heart is properly disposed for awakening to the truths.’8.15Idamassa paṭhamaṁ ñāṇaṁ adhigataṁ hoti ariyaṁ lokuttaraṁ asādhāraṇaṁ puthujjanehi.This is the first knowledge they have achieved that is noble and transcendent, and is distinct from that of ordinary people.

9.1Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati:Furthermore, a noble disciple reflects,9.2‘imaṁ nu kho ahaṁ diṭṭhiṁ āsevanto bhāvento bahulīkaronto labhāmi paccattaṁ samathaṁ, labhāmi paccattaṁ nibbutin’ti?‘When I develop, cultivate, and make much of this view, do I personally gain serenity and quenching?’9.3So evaṁ pajānāti:They understand,9.4‘imaṁ kho ahaṁ diṭṭhiṁ āsevanto bhāvento bahulīkaronto labhāmi paccattaṁ samathaṁ, labhāmi paccattaṁ nibbutin’ti.‘When I develop, cultivate, and make much of this view, I personally gain serenity and quenching.’9.5Idamassa dutiyaṁ ñāṇaṁ adhigataṁ hoti ariyaṁ lokuttaraṁ asādhāraṇaṁ puthujjanehi.This is their second knowledge …

10.1PTS 1.324Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati:Furthermore, a noble disciple reflects,10.2‘yathārūpāyāhaṁ diṭṭhiyā samannāgato, atthi nu kho ito bahiddhā añño samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato’ti?‘Are there any ascetics or brahmins outside of the Buddhist community who have the same kind of view that I have?’10.3So evaṁ pajānāti:They understand,10.4‘yathārūpāyāhaṁ diṭṭhiyā samannāgato, natthi ito bahiddhā añño samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā tathārūpāya diṭṭhiyā samannāgato’ti.‘There are no ascetics or brahmins outside of the Buddhist community who have the same kind of view that I have.’10.5Idamassa tatiyaṁ ñāṇaṁ adhigataṁ hoti ariyaṁ lokuttaraṁ asādhāraṇaṁ puthujjanehi.This is their third knowledge …

11.1Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati:Furthermore, a noble disciple reflects,11.2‘yathārūpāya dhammatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya dhammatāya samannāgato’ti.‘Do I have the same nature as an individual accomplished in view?’11.3Kathaṁrūpāya ca, bhikkhave, dhammatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato?And what, mendicants, is the nature of an individual accomplished in view?11.4Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa:This is the nature of an individual accomplished in view.11.5kiñcāpi tathārūpiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjati, yathārūpāya āpattiyā vuṭṭhānaṁ paññāyati, atha kho naṁ khippameva satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu deseti vivarati uttānīkaroti;Though they may fall into a kind of offense for which rehabilitation is possible, they quickly explain, clarify, and disclose it to the Teacher or a sensible spiritual companion.³11.6desetvā vivaritvā uttānīkatvā āyatiṁ saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.And having revealed it they restrain themselves in the future.11.7Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, daharo kumāro mando uttānaseyyako hatthena vā pādena vā aṅgāraṁ akkamitvā khippameva paṭisaṁharati;Suppose there was a little baby boy. If he puts his hand or foot on a burning coal, he quickly pulls it back.11.8evameva kho, bhikkhave, dhammatā esā diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa:In the same way, this is the nature of an individual accomplished in view.11.9kiñcāpi tathārūpiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjati yathārūpāya āpattiyā vuṭṭhānaṁ paññāyati, atha kho naṁ khippameva satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu deseti vivarati uttānīkaroti;Though they may still fall into a kind of offense for which rehabilitation is possible, they quickly disclose it to the Teacher or a sensible spiritual companion.11.10desetvā vivaritvā uttānīkatvā āyatiṁ saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.And having revealed it they restrain themselves in the future.11.11So evaṁ pajānāti:They understand,11.12‘yathārūpāya dhammatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya dhammatāya samannāgato’ti.‘I have the same nature as an individual accomplished in view.’11.13Idamassa catutthaṁ ñāṇaṁ adhigataṁ hoti ariyaṁ lokuttaraṁ asādhāraṇaṁ puthujjanehi.This is their fourth knowledge …

12.1Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati:Furthermore, a noble disciple reflects,12.2‘yathārūpāya dhammatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya dhammatāya samannāgato’ti.‘Do I have the same nature as an individual accomplished in view?’12.3Kathaṁrūpāya ca, bhikkhave, dhammatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato?And what, mendicants, is the nature of an individual accomplished in view?12.4Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa:This is the nature of an individual accomplished in view.12.5kiñcāpi yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṁ uccāvacāni kiṅkaraṇīyāni tattha ussukkaṁ āpanno hoti, atha khvāssa tibbāpekkhā hoti adhisīlasikkhāya adhicittasikkhāya adhipaññāsikkhāya.Though they might manage a diverse spectrum of duties for their spiritual companions, they still feel a keen regard for the training in higher ethics, higher mind, and higher wisdom.12.6Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gāvī taruṇavacchā thambañca ālumpati vacchakañca apacinati;Suppose there was a cow with a baby calf. She watches her calf devotedly as she grazes.⁴12.7evameva kho, bhikkhave, dhammatā esā diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa:In the same way, this is the nature of an individual accomplished in view.12.8kiñcāpi yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṁ uccāvacāni kiṅkaraṇīyāni tattha ussukkaṁ āpanno hoti, atha khvāssa tibbāpekkhā hoti adhisīlasikkhāya adhicittasikkhāya adhipaññāsikkhāya.Though they might manage a diverse spectrum of duties for their spiritual companions, they still feel a keen regard for the training in higher ethics, higher mind, and higher wisdom.12.9So evaṁ pajānāti:They understand,12.10‘yathārūpāya dhammatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya dhammatāya samannāgato’ti.‘I have the same nature as an individual accomplished in view.’12.11Idamassa pañcamaṁ ñāṇaṁ adhigataṁ hoti ariyaṁ lokuttaraṁ asādhāraṇaṁ puthujjanehi.This is their fifth knowledge …

13.1PTS 1.325Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati:Furthermore, a noble disciple reflects,13.2‘yathārūpāya balatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya balatāya samannāgato’ti.‘Do I have the same strength as an individual accomplished in view?’13.3Kathaṁrūpāya ca, bhikkhave, balatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato?And what, mendicants, is the strength of an individual accomplished in view?13.4Balatā esā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa yaṁ tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne aṭṭhiṁ katvā manasikatvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṁ suṇāti.The strength of an individual accomplished in view is that, when the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One are being taught, they pay attention, apply the mind, concentrate wholeheartedly, and actively listen to the teaching.13.5So evaṁ pajānāti:They understand,13.6‘yathārūpāya balatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya balatāya samannāgato’ti.‘I have the same strength as an individual accomplished in view.’13.7Idamassa chaṭṭhaṁ ñāṇaṁ adhigataṁ hoti ariyaṁ lokuttaraṁ asādhāraṇaṁ puthujjanehi.This is their sixth knowledge …

14.1Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati:Furthermore, a noble disciple reflects,14.2‘yathārūpāya balatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya balatāya samannāgato’ti.‘Do I have the same strength as an individual accomplished in view?’14.3Kathaṁrūpāya ca, bhikkhave, balatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato?And what, mendicants, is the strength of an individual accomplished in view?14.4Balatā esā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa yaṁ tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne labhati atthavedaṁ, labhati dhammavedaṁ, labhati dhammūpasaṁhitaṁ pāmojjaṁ.The strength of an individual accomplished in view is that, when the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One are being taught, they find inspiration in the meaning and the teaching, and find joy connected with the teaching.14.5So evaṁ pajānāti:They understand,14.6‘yathārūpāya balatāya diṭṭhisampanno puggalo samannāgato, ahampi tathārūpāya balatāya samannāgato’ti.‘I have the same strength as an individual accomplished in view.’14.7Idamassa sattamaṁ ñāṇaṁ adhigataṁ hoti ariyaṁ lokuttaraṁ asādhāraṇaṁ puthujjanehi.This is the seventh knowledge they have achieved that is noble and transcendent, and is distinct from that of ordinary people.

15.1Evaṁ sattaṅgasamannāgatassa kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa dhammatā susamanniṭṭhā hoti sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya.When a noble disciple has these seven factors, they have properly investigated their nature through the realization of the fruit of stream-entry.⁵15.2Evaṁ sattaṅgasamannāgato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako sotāpattiphalasamannāgato hotī”ti.A noble disciple with these seven factors has the fruit of stream-entry.”

15.3Idamavoca bhagavā.That is what the Buddha said.15.4Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.Satisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said.

15.5Kosambiyasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ aṭṭhamaṁ.