0.31. Kathinaatthatādi1. Participated in the robe-making ceremony, etc.

1.1PTS 5.172Kassa kathinaṁ anatthataṁ?Who has not participated in the robe-making ceremony?¹1.2Kassa kathinaṁ atthataṁ?Who has participated in the robe-making ceremony?1.3Kinti kathinaṁ anatthataṁ?How has the robe-making ceremony not been performed?1.4Kinti kathinaṁ atthataṁ?How has the robe-making ceremony been performed?

2.1Kassa kathinaṁ anatthatanti?Who has not participated in the robe-making ceremony?

2.2Dvinnaṁ puggalānaṁ anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ—Two kinds of people:2.3anatthārakassa ca ananumodakassa ca.those who have not performed the robe-making ceremony and those who have not expressed their appreciation.²2.4Imesaṁ dvinnaṁ puggalānaṁ anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.

3.1Kassa kathinaṁ atthatanti?Who has participated the robe-making ceremony?

3.2Dvinnaṁ puggalānaṁ atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ—Two kinds of people:3.3atthārakassa ca anumodakassa ca.those who have performed the robe-making ceremony and those who have expressed their appreciation.3.4Imesaṁ dvinnaṁ puggalānaṁ atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.

4.1Kinti kathinaṁ anatthatanti?How has the robe-making ceremony not been performed?

4.2Catuvīsatiyā ākārehi anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,There are twenty-four ways in which the robe-making ceremony has not been performed:³

4.3na ullikhitamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,The robe-making ceremony has not been performed merely by marking the cloth,4.4na dhovanamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by washing the cloth,4.5na cīvaravicāraṇamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by planning the robe,4.6na chedanamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by cutting the cloth,4.7na bandhanamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by tacking the cloth,4.8na ovaṭṭiyakaraṇamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by sewing a hem,4.9na kaṇḍusakaraṇamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by marking with a strip of cloth,4.10na daḷhīkammakaraṇamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by strengthening,4.11na anuvātakaraṇamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by adding a border lengthwise,4.12na paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by adding a border crosswise,4.13na ovaddheyyakaraṇamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by patching,4.14na kambalamaddanamattena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,merely by partial dyeing;4.15na nimittakatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,nor has it been performed if a monk has made an indication,4.16na parikathākatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,if a monk has given a hint,4.17na kukkukatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,if the robe-cloth has been borrowed,⁴4.18na sannidhikatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,if it has been stored,4.19na nissaggiyena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,if it is to be relinquished,4.20na akappakatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,if it has not been marked,4.21na aññatra saṅghāṭiyā atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,if it is not an outer robe4.22na aññatra uttarāsaṅgena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,or an upper robe4.23na aññatra antaravāsakena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,or a sarong;4.24na aññatra pañcakena vā atirekapañcakena vā tadaheva sañchinnena samaṇḍalīkatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,nor has it been performed if the robe has not been made on that very day with five or more cut sections with panels,4.25na aññatra puggalassa atthārā atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ,if the robe-making ceremony was not performed by an individual,4.26sammā ce atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, tañce nissīmaṭṭho anumodati.or if the robe-making ceremony has been performed correctly but the appreciation for the ceremony was expressed outside the monastery zone.⁵4.27Evampi anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.

5.1Nimittakammaṁ nāma nimittaṁ karoti—Making an indication: one makes an indication, thinking,5.2“iminā dussena kathinaṁ attharissāmī”ti.“I’ll perform the robe-making ceremony with this cloth.”5.3Parikathā nāma parikathaṁ karoti—Hinting: one gives a hint, thinking,5.4“imāya parikathāya kathinadussaṁ nibbattessāmī”ti.“With this hint, I’ll make a cloth for the robe-making ceremony appear.”5.5Kukkukataṁ nāma anādiyadānaṁ vuccati.Borrowed: a gift not to be taken as one’s own is so called.5.6Sannidhi nāma dve sannidhiyo—Stored: there are two kinds of storing:5.7karaṇasannidhi vā nicayasannidhi vā.storing for the purpose of making and storing for the purpose of accumulation.5.8Nissaggiyaṁ nāma kayiramāne aruṇaṁ uṭṭhahati.To be relinquished: dawn arrives while it is being made.5.9Imehi catuvīsatiyā ākārehi anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.

6.1Kinti kathinaṁ atthatanti?How has the robe-making ceremony been performed?

6.2Sattarasahi ākārehi atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.The robe-making ceremony has been performed through seventeen aspects:6.3Ahatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, ahatakappena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, pilotikāya atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, paṁsukūlena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, pāpaṇikena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, animittakatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, aparikathākatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, akukkukatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, asannidhikatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, anissaggiyena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, kappakatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, saṅghāṭiyā atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, uttarāsaṅgena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, antaravāsakena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, pañcakena vā atirekapañcakena vā tadaheva sañchinnena samaṇḍalīkatena atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, puggalassa atthārā atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, sammā ce atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, tañce sīmaṭṭho anumodati, evampi atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.The robe-making ceremony has been performed if the cloth is brand new, if it is nearly new, if it is old, if it is a rag, if it is from a shop; it has been performed if a monk has not made an indication, if a monk has not given a hint, if the robe-cloth has not been borrowed, if it has not been stored, if it is not to be relinquished, if it has been marked, if it is an outer robe or an upper robe or a sarong; it has been performed if the robe has been made on that very day with five or more cut sections with panels, if the robe-making ceremony was performed by an individual, if the robe-making ceremony has been performed correctly and if the appreciation for the ceremony was expressed inside the monastery zone.6.4Imehi sattarasahi ākārehi atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.

7.1Saha kathinassa atthārā kati dhammā jāyanti?How many things are produced together with the participation in the robe-making ceremony?7.2Saha kathinassa atthārā pannarasa dhammā jāyanti—Fifteen things:7.3aṭṭha mātikā, dve palibodhā, pañcānisaṁsā.eight key phrases, two obstacles, and five benefits.7.4Saha kathinassa atthārā ime pannarasa dhammā jāyanti.

8.02. Kathinaanantarapaccayādi2. The proximity condition for the robe-making ceremony, etc.

8.1PTS 5.173Payogassa katame dhammā anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo, purejātapaccayena paccayo, pacchājātapaccayena paccayo, sahajātapaccayena paccayo?Which things are a condition for effort by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, a decisive support condition, a pre-arising condition, a post-arising condition, and a co-arising condition?⁶

8.2Pubbakaraṇassa katame dhammā anantarapaccayena paccayo …pe…Which things are a condition for the prior duties by being a proximity condition …8.3paccuddhārassa katame dhammā …Which things are a condition for relinquishment …⁷8.4adhiṭṭhānassa katame dhammā …Which things are a condition for determining …⁸8.5atthārassa katame dhammā …Which things are a condition for participating in the robe-making ceremony …8.6mātikānañca palibodhānañca katame dhammā …Which things are a condition for the key phrases and the obstacles …8.7vatthussa katame dhammā anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo, purejātapaccayena paccayo, pacchājātapaccayena paccayo, sahajātapaccayena paccayo?Which things are a condition for the object by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, a decisive support condition, a pre-arising condition, a post-arising condition, and a co-arising condition?⁹

9.1PTS 5.174Pubbakaraṇaṁ payogassa anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo.The prior duties are a condition for effort by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, and a decisive support condition.¹⁰9.2Payogo pubbakaraṇassa purejātapaccayena paccayo.Effort is a condition for the prior duties by being a pre-arising condition.9.3Pubbakaraṇaṁ payogassa pacchājātapaccayena paccayo.The prior duties are a condition for effort by being a post-arising condition.9.4Pannarasa dhammā sahajātapaccayena paccayo.The fifteen things are a condition by being a co-arising condition.

9.5Paccuddhāro pubbakaraṇassa anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo.Relinquishment is a condition for the prior duties by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, and a decisive support condition.9.6Pubbakaraṇaṁ paccuddhārassa purejātapaccayena paccayo.The prior duties are a condition for relinquishment by being a pre-arising condition.9.7Paccuddhāro pubbakaraṇassa pacchājātapaccayena paccayo.Relinquishment is a condition for the prior duties by being a post-arising condition.9.8Pannarasa dhammā sahajātapaccayena paccayo.The fifteen things are a condition by being a co-arising condition.

9.9Adhiṭṭhānaṁ paccuddhārassa anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo.Determining is a condition for relinquishment by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, and a decisive support condition.9.10Paccuddhāro adhiṭṭhānassa purejātapaccayena paccayo.Relinquishment is a condition for determining by being a pre-arising condition.9.11Adhiṭṭhānaṁ paccuddhārassa pacchājātapaccayena paccayo.Determining is a condition for relinquishment by being a post-arising condition.9.12Pannarasa dhammā sahajātapaccayena paccayo.The fifteen things are a condition by being a co-arising condition.

9.13Atthāro adhiṭṭhānassa anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo.Performing the robe-making ceremony is a condition for determining by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, and a decisive support condition.9.14Adhiṭṭhānaṁ atthārassa purejātapaccayena paccayo.Determining is a condition for performing the robe-making ceremony by being a pre-arising condition.9.15Atthāro adhiṭṭhānassa pacchājātapaccayena paccayo.Performing the robe-making ceremony is a condition for determining by being a post-arising condition.9.16Pannarasa dhammā sahajātapaccayena paccayo.The fifteen things are a condition by being a co-arising condition.

9.17Mātikā ca palibodhā ca atthārassa anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo.The key phrases and the obstacles are a condition for performing the robe-making ceremony by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, and a decisive support condition.9.18Atthāro mātikānañca palibodhānañca purejātapaccayena paccayo.Performing the robe-making ceremony is a condition for the key phrases and the obstacles by being a pre-arising condition.9.19Mātikā ca palibodhā ca atthārassa pacchājātapaccayena paccayo.The key phrases and the obstacles are a condition for performing the robe-making ceremony by being a post-arising condition.9.20Pannarasa dhammā sahajātapaccayena paccayo.The fifteen things are a condition by being a co-arising condition.

9.21Āsā ca anāsā ca vatthussa anantarapaccayena paccayo, samanantarapaccayena paccayo, nissayapaccayena paccayo, upanissayapaccayena paccayo.Expectation and non-expectation are a condition for the object by being a proximity condition, an immediacy condition, a support condition, and a decisive support condition.9.22Vatthu āsānañca anāsānañca purejātapaccayena paccayo.The object is a condition for expectation and non-expectation by being a pre-arising condition.9.23Āsā ca anāsā ca vatthussa pacchājātapaccayena paccayo.Expectation and non-expectation are a condition for the object by being a post-arising condition.9.24Pannarasa dhammā sahajātapaccayena paccayo.The fifteen things are a condition by being a co-arising condition.

10.03. Pubbakaraṇanidānādivibhāga3. The details on the source of the prior duties, etc.

10.1Pubbakaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of the prior duties?10.2Paccuddhāro kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of relinquishment?10.3Adhiṭṭhānaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of determining?10.4Atthāro kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of performing the robe-making ceremony?10.5Mātikā ca palibodhā ca kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of the key phrases and the obstacles?10.6Āsā ca anāsā ca kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā, kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of expectation and non-expectation?

11.1Pubbakaraṇaṁ payoganidānaṁ, payogasamudayaṁ, payogajātikaṁ, payogapabhavaṁ, payogasambhāraṁ, payogasamuṭṭhānaṁ.The prior duties have effort as their source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.11.2Paccuddhāro pubbakaraṇanidāno, pubbakaraṇasamudayo, pubbakaraṇajātiko, pubbakaraṇapabhavo, pubbakaraṇasambhāro, pubbakaraṇasamuṭṭhāno.Relinquishment has the prior duties as its source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.11.3Adhiṭṭhānaṁ paccuddhāranidānaṁ, paccuddhārasamudayaṁ, paccuddhārajātikaṁ, paccuddhārapabhavaṁ, paccuddhārasambhāraṁ, paccuddhārasamuṭṭhānaṁ.Determining has relinquishment as its source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.11.4Atthāro adhiṭṭhānanidāno, adhiṭṭhānasamudayo, adhiṭṭhānajātiko, adhiṭṭhānapabhavo, adhiṭṭhānasambhāro, adhiṭṭhānasamuṭṭhāno.Performing the robe-making ceremony has determining as its source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.11.5Mātikā ca palibodhā ca atthāranidānā, atthārasamudayā, atthārajātikā, atthārapabhavā, atthārasambhārā, atthārasamuṭṭhānā.The Key Terms and the obstacles have participating in the robe-making ceremony as their source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.11.6Āsā ca anāsā ca vatthunidānā, vatthusamudayā, vatthujātikā, vatthupabhavā, vatthusambhārā, vatthusamuṭṭhānā.Expectation and non-expectation have the key phrases and the obstacles as their source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.

12.1Payogo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno,What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of effort?12.2pubbakaraṇaṁ …pe…… of the prior duties?12.3paccuddhāro …… of relinquishment?12.4adhiṭṭhānaṁ …… of determining?12.5atthāro …… of performing the robe-making ceremony?12.6mātikā ca palibodhā ca …… of the key phrases and the obstacles?12.7vatthu …… of the object?12.8āsā ca anāsā ca kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā, kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of expectation and non-expectation?

13.1Payogo hetunidāno, hetusamudayo, hetujātiko, hetupabhavo, hetusambhāro, hetusamuṭṭhāno.Effort has causes as its source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.13.2Pubbakaraṇaṁ …pe…The prior duties …13.3paccuddhāro …Relinquishment …13.4adhiṭṭhānaṁ …Determining …13.5atthāro …Performing the robe-making ceremony …13.6mātikā ca palibodhā ca …The key phrases and the obstacles …13.7vatthu …The object …13.8āsā ca anāsā ca hetunidānā, hetusamudayā, hetujātikā, hetupabhavā, hetusambhārā, hetusamuṭṭhānā.Expectation and non-expectation have causes as their source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.

14.1Payogo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of effort?14.2Pubbakaraṇaṁ …pe…… of the prior duties?14.3paccuddhāro …… of relinquishment?14.4adhiṭṭhānaṁ …… of determining?14.5atthāro …… of performing the robe-making ceremony?14.6mātikā ca palibodhā ca …… of the key phrases and the obstacles?14.7vatthu …… of the object?14.8āsā ca anāsā ca kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā, kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of expectation and non-expectation?

15.1Payogo paccayanidāno, paccayasamudayo, paccayajātiko, paccayapabhavo, paccayasambhāro, paccayasamuṭṭhāno.Effort has conditions as its source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.15.2Pubbakaraṇaṁ …pe…The prior duties …15.3paccuddhāro …Relinquishment …15.4adhiṭṭhānaṁ …Determining …15.5atthāro …Performing the robe-making ceremony …15.6mātikā ca palibodhā ca …The key phrases and the obstacles …15.7vatthu …The object …15.8āsā ca anāsā ca paccayanidānā, paccayasamudayā, paccayajātikā, paccayapabhavā, paccayasambhārā, paccayasamuṭṭhānā.Expectation and non-expectation have conditions as their source, origin, birth, arising, production, and origination.

16.1Pubbakaraṇaṁ katihi dhammehi saṅgahitaṁ?How many things are grouped with the prior duties?16.2Pubbakaraṇaṁ sattahi dhammehi saṅgahitaṁ.Seven things:16.3Dhovanena, vicāraṇena, chedanena, bandhanena, sibbanena, rajanena, kappakaraṇena—washing, planning, cutting, tacking, sewing, dyeing, and marking.16.4pubbakaraṇaṁ imehi sattahi dhammehi saṅgahitaṁ.

17.1Paccuddhāro katihi dhammehi saṅgahito?How many things are grouped with relinquishment?17.2Paccuddhāro tīhi dhammehi saṅgahito—Three things:17.3saṅghāṭiyā, uttarāsaṅgena, antaravāsakena.the outer robe, the upper robe, and the sarong.

18.1Adhiṭṭhānaṁ katihi dhammehi saṅgahitaṁ?How many things are grouped with determining?18.2Adhiṭṭhānaṁ tīhi dhammehi saṅgahitaṁ—Three things:18.3saṅghāṭiyā, uttarāsaṅgena, antaravāsakena.the outer robe, the upper robe, and the sarong.

19.1Atthāro katihi dhammehi saṅgahito?How many things are grouped with performing the robe-making ceremony?19.2Atthāro ekena dhammena saṅgahito—One thing:19.3vacībhedena.breaking into speech.

20.1PTS 5.175Kathinassa kati mūlāni, kati vatthūni, kati bhūmiyo?How many roots does the robe-making ceremony have, how many objects, and how many grounds?20.2Kathinassa ekaṁ mūlaṁ—The robe-making ceremony has one root:20.3saṅgho;the Sangha.20.4tīṇi vatthūni—It has three objects:20.5saṅghāṭi, uttarāsaṅgo, antaravāsako;the outer robe, the upper robe, and the sarong.20.6cha bhūmiyo—It has six grounds:20.7khomaṁ, kappāsikaṁ, koseyyaṁ, kambalaṁ, sāṇaṁ, bhaṅgaṁ.linen, cotton, silk, wool, sunn hemp, and hemp.

21.1Kathinassa ko ādi, kiṁ majjhe, kiṁ pariyosānaṁ?What is the beginning, the middle, and the end of the robe-making ceremony?21.2Kathinassa pubbakaraṇaṁ ādi, kriyā majjhe, atthāro pariyosānaṁ.The prior duties are the beginning, the performing is the middle, the robe-making ceremony is the end.¹¹

22.1Katihaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo abhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ?What sort of person is unable to perform the robe-making ceremony?22.2Katihaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ?What sort of person is able to perform the robe-making ceremony?22.3Aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo abhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ.A person who has eight qualities is unable to perform the robe-making ceremony.22.4Aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ.A person who has eight qualities is able to perform the robe-making ceremony.

22.5Katamehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo abhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ?What are the eight qualities of a person who is unable to perform the robe-making ceremony?22.6Pubbakaraṇaṁ na jānāti, paccuddhāraṁ na jānāti, adhiṭṭhānaṁ na jānāti, atthāraṁ na jānāti, mātikaṁ na jānāti, palibodhaṁ na jānāti, uddhāraṁ na jānāti, ānisaṁsaṁ na jānāti—They do not know the prior duties, relinquishment, determining, the robe-making ceremony, the key phrases, the obstacles, the ending of the robe season, or the benefits.

22.7imehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo abhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ.22.8Katamehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ?What are the eight qualities of a person who is able to perform the robe-making ceremony?22.9Pubbakaraṇaṁ jānāti, paccuddhāraṁ jānāti, adhiṭṭhānaṁ jānāti, atthāraṁ jānāti, mātikaṁ jānāti, palibodhaṁ jānāti, uddhāraṁ jānāti, ānisaṁsaṁ jānāti—They know the prior duties, relinquishment, determining, the robe-making ceremony, the key phrases, the obstacles, the ending of the robe season, and the benefits.22.10imehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo bhabbo kathinaṁ attharituṁ.

23.1Katinaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā na ruhanti?For how many kinds of people is the robe-making ceremony not effective?23.2Katinaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā ruhanti?For how many kinds of people is the robe-making ceremony effective?23.3Tiṇṇaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā na ruhanti.It is not effective for three kinds of people.23.4Tiṇṇaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā ruhanti.It is effective for three kinds of people.

23.5Katamesaṁ tiṇṇaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā na ruhanti?For which three kinds of people is it not effective?23.6Nissīmaṭṭho anumodati, anumodento na vācaṁ bhindati, vācaṁ bhindanto na paraṁ viññāpeti—For one who expresses their appreciation outside the monastery zone; for one who does not express their appreciation verbally; for one who expresses it verbally, but does not inform anyone.

23.7imesaṁ tiṇṇaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā na ruhanti.23.8Katamesaṁ tiṇṇaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā ruhanti?For which three kinds of people is it effective?23.9Sīmaṭṭho anumodati, anumodento vācaṁ bhindati, vācaṁ bhindanto paraṁ viññāpeti—For one who expresses their appreciation inside the monastery zone; for one who expresses their appreciation verbally; for one who expresses it verbally and informs someone.23.10imesaṁ tiṇṇaṁ puggalānaṁ kathinatthārā ruhanti.

24.1Kati kathinatthārā na ruhanti?How many kinds of robe-making ceremonies are invalid?24.2Kati kathinatthārā ruhanti?How many kinds of robe-making ceremonies are valid?24.3Tayo kathinatthārā na ruhanti.Three kinds of robe-making ceremonies are invalid.24.4Tayo kathinatthārā ruhanti.Three kinds of robe-making ceremonies are valid.24.5Katame tayo kathinatthārā na ruhanti?What are the three kinds of robe-making ceremonies that are invalid?24.6Vatthuvipannañceva hoti, kālavipannañca, karaṇavipannañca—The object fails; the timing fails; the making fails.¹²24.7ime tayo kathinatthārā na ruhanti.24.8Katame tayo kathinatthārā ruhanti?What are the three kinds of robe-making ceremonies that are valid?24.9Vatthusampannañceva hoti, kālasampannañca, karaṇasampannañca—The object succeeds; the timing succeeds; the making succeeds.24.10ime tayo kathinatthārā ruhanti.

25.04. Kathinādijānitabbavibhāga4. The details on what is to be known about the robe-making ceremony, etc.

25.1Kathinaṁ jānitabbaṁ, kathinatthāro jānitabbo, kathinassa atthāramāso jānitabbo, kathinassa atthāravipatti jānitabbā, kathinassa atthārasampatti jānitabbā, nimittakammaṁ jānitabbaṁ, parikathā jānitabbā, kukkukataṁ jānitabbaṁ, sannidhi jānitabbā, nissaggiyaṁ jānitabbaṁ.The robe-making ceremony is to be known. Participation in the robe-making ceremony is to be known. The month of the robe-making ceremony is to be known. Failure of the robe-making ceremony is to be known. Success of the robe-making ceremony is to be known. The giving of an indication is to be known. A hint is to be known. Borrowing is to be known. Storing is to be known. Relinquishment is to be known.

26.1PTS 5.176Kathinaṁ jānitabbantiThe robe-making ceremony is to be known:

26.2tesaññeva dhammānaṁ saṅgaho samavāyo nāmaṁ nāmakammaṁ nāmadheyyaṁ nirutti byañjanaṁ abhilāpo yadidaṁ kathinanti.“the robe-making ceremony” is the grouping and coming together of just those things—their name, appellation, label, terminology, wording, designation.¹³

27.1Kathinassa atthāramāso jānitabbotiThe month of the robe-making ceremony is to be known:

27.2vassānassa pacchimo māso jānitabbo.the last month of the rainy season.

28.1Kathinassa atthāravipatti jānitabbātiFailure of the robe-making ceremony is to be known:

28.2catuvīsatiyā ākārehi kathinassa atthāravipatti jānitabbā.the robe-making ceremony fails in twenty-four ways.¹⁴

29.1Kathinassa atthārasampatti jānitabbātiSuccess of the robe-making ceremony is to be known:

29.2sattarasahi ākārehi kathinassa atthārasampatti jānitabbā.The robe-making ceremony is successful through seventeen aspects.¹⁵

30.1Nimittakammaṁ jānitabbantiThe giving of an indication is to be known:

30.2nimittaṁ karoti iminā dussena kathinaṁ attharissāmīti.one makes an indication, thinking, “I’ll perform the robe-making ceremony with this cloth.”

31.1Parikathā jānitabbātiA hint is to be known:

31.2parikathaṁ karoti imāya parikathāya kathinadussaṁ nibbattessāmīti.one gives a hint, thinking, “With this hint, I’ll make a cloth for the robe-making ceremony appear.”

32.1Kukkukataṁ jānitabbantiBorrowing is to be known:

32.2anādiyadānaṁ jānitabbaṁ.a gift not to be taken as one’s own.

33.1Sannidhi jānitabbātiStoring is to be known:

33.2dve sannidhiyo jānitabbā—karaṇasannidhi vā nicayasannidhi vā.there are two kinds of storing: for the purpose of making and for the purpose of accumulation.

34.1Nissaggiyaṁ jānitabbantiRelinquishment is to be known:

34.2kariyamāne aruṇaṁ uṭṭhahati.dawn arrives while it is being made.

35.1Kathinatthāro jānitabbotiParticipation in the robe-making ceremony is to be known:

35.2sace saṅghassa kathinadussaṁ uppannaṁ hoti, saṅghena kathaṁ paṭipajjitabbaṁ, atthārakena kathaṁ paṭipajjitabbaṁ, anumodakena kathaṁ paṭipajjitabbaṁ.If cloth has been given to the Sangha for the robe-making ceremony, how should the Sangha proceed? How should the one who performs the robe-making ceremony proceed? How should one who expresses their appreciation proceed?

36.1PTS 5.177Saṅghena ñattidutiyena kammena kathinatthārakassa bhikkhuno dātabbaṁ, tena kathinatthārakena bhikkhunā tadaheva dhovitvā vimajjitvā vicāretvā chinditvā sibbetvā rajitvā kappaṁ katvā kathinaṁ attharitabbaṁ.The Sangha should give the cloth, through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, to the monk who is performing the robe-making ceremony. The monk who is performing the robe-making ceremony should wash the cloth, iron it, plan it, cut it, sew it, dye it, mark it, and then perform the robe-making ceremony.36.2Sace saṅghāṭiyā kathinaṁ attharitukāmo hoti, porāṇikā saṅghāṭi paccuddharitabbā, navā saṅghāṭi adhiṭṭhātabbā.If he wishes to perform the robe-making ceremony with an outer robe, he should relinquish his old outer robe and then determine the new one.36.3Imāya saṅghāṭiyā kathinaṁ attharāmīti vācā bhinditabbā.He should then say, “I perform the robe-making ceremony with this outer robe.”36.4Sace uttarāsaṅgena kathinaṁ attharitukāmo hoti, porāṇako uttarāsaṅgo paccuddharitabbo, navo uttarāsaṅgo adhiṭṭhātabbo.If he wishes to perform the robe-making ceremony with an upper robe, he should relinquish his old upper robe and then determine the new one.36.5Iminā uttarāsaṅgena kathinaṁ attharāmīti vācā bhinditabbā.He should then say, “I perform the robe-making ceremony with this upper robe.”36.6Sace antaravāsakena kathinaṁ attharitukāmo hoti, porāṇako antaravāsako paccuddharitabbo, navo antaravāsako adhiṭṭhātabbo.If he wishes to perform the robe-making ceremony with a sarong, he should relinquish his old sarong and then determine the new one.36.7Iminā antaravāsakena kathinaṁ attharāmīti vācā bhinditabbā.He should then say, “I perform the robe-making ceremony with this sarong.”

36.8Tena kathinatthārakena bhikkhunā saṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—After approaching the Sangha, that monk who is performing the robe-making ceremony should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder, raise his joined palms, and say:36.9“atthataṁ, bhante, saṅghassa kathinaṁ, dhammiko kathinatthāro, anumodathā”ti.“Venerable sirs, the Sangha’s robe-making ceremony has been performed. The robe-making ceremony is legitimate. Please express your appreciation.”36.10Tehi anumodakehi bhikkhūhi ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—The monks who are expressing their appreciation should arrange their upper robes over one shoulder, raise their joined palms, and say:36.11“atthataṁ, āvuso, saṅghassa kathinaṁ, dhammiko kathinatthāro, anumodāmā”ti.“The Sangha’s robe-making ceremony has been performed. The robe-making ceremony is legitimate. We express our appreciation.”

36.12Tena kathinatthārakena bhikkhunā sambahule bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassu vacanīyā—Or: after approaching several monks, that monk who is performing the robe-making ceremony should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder, raise his joined palms, and say:¹⁶36.13“atthataṁ, bhante, saṅghassa kathinaṁ, dhammiko kathinatthāro, anumodathā”ti.“Venerable sirs, the Sangha’s robe-making ceremony has been performed. The robe-making ceremony is legitimate. Please express your appreciation.”36.14Tehi anumodakehi bhikkhūhi ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—The monks who are expressing their appreciation should arrange their upper robes over one shoulder, raise their joined palms, and say:36.15“atthataṁ, āvuso, saṅghassa kathinaṁ, dhammiko kathinatthāro anumodāmā”ti.“The Sangha’s robe-making ceremony has been performed. The robe-making ceremony is legitimate. We express our appreciation.”

36.16Tena kathinatthārakena bhikkhunā ekaṁ bhikkhuṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—Or: after approaching a single monk, that monk who is performing the robe-making ceremony should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder, raise his joined palms, and say:36.17“atthataṁ, āvuso, saṅghassa kathinaṁ, dhammiko kathinatthāro, anumodāhī”ti.“The Sangha’s robe-making ceremony has been performed. The robe-making ceremony is legitimate. Please express your appreciation.”36.18Tena anumodakena bhikkhunā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—The monk who is expressing his appreciation should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder, raise his joined palms, and say:36.19“atthataṁ, āvuso, saṅghassa kathinaṁ, dhammiko kathinatthāro, anumodāmī”ti.“The Sangha’s robe-making ceremony has been performed. The robe-making ceremony is legitimate. I express my appreciation.”

37.05. Puggalassevakathinatthāra5. The robe-making ceremony for an individual

37.1Saṅgho kathinaṁ attharati, gaṇo kathinaṁ attharati, puggalo kathinaṁ attharatīti?“Does the Sangha perform the robe-making ceremony? Does a group perform the robe-making ceremony? Does an individual perform the robe-making ceremony?”37.2Na saṅgho kathinaṁ attharati, na gaṇo kathinaṁ attharati, puggalo kathinaṁ attharatīti.“The Sangha does not perform the robe-making ceremony, nor does a group, but an individual does.”37.3Hañci na saṅgho kathinaṁ attharati, na gaṇo kathinaṁ attharati, puggalo kathinaṁ attharati.If the Sangha does not perform the robe-making ceremony, nor a group, but an individual does, then37.4Saṅghassa anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, gaṇassa anatthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, puggalassa atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ.the Sangha has not performed the robe-making ceremony, nor has a group, but an individual has.

37.5Saṅgho pātimokkhaṁ uddisati gaṇo pātimokkhaṁ uddisati puggalo pātimokkhaṁ uddisatīti?“Does the Sangha recite the Monastic Code? Does a group recite the Monastic Code? Does an individual recite the Monastic Code?”37.6Na saṅgho pātimokkhaṁ uddisati, na gaṇo pātimokkhaṁ uddisati, puggalo pātimokkhaṁ uddisatīti.“The Sangha does not recite the Monastic Code, nor does a group, but an individual does.”37.7Hañci na saṅgho pātimokkhaṁ uddisati, na gaṇo pātimokkhaṁ uddisati, puggalo pātimokkhaṁ uddisati.If the Sangha does not recite the Monastic Code, nor a group, but an individual does, then37.8Saṅghassa anuddiṭṭhaṁ hoti pātimokkhaṁ, gaṇassa anuddiṭṭhaṁ hoti pātimokkhaṁ, puggalassa uddiṭṭhaṁ hoti pātimokkhaṁ.the Sangha has not recited the Monastic Code, nor has a group, but an individual has.

37.9Saṅghassa sāmaggiyā gaṇassa sāmaggiyā puggalassa uddesā saṅghassa uddiṭṭhaṁ hoti pātimokkhaṁ, gaṇassa uddiṭṭhaṁ hoti pātimokkhaṁ, puggalassa uddiṭṭhaṁ hoti pātimokkhaṁ.“Yet when an individual recites to unite the Sangha, to unite the group, then the Monastic Code has been recited by the Sangha, by the group, and by the individual.37.10Evameva na saṅgho kathinaṁ attharati, na gaṇo kathinaṁ attharati, puggalo kathinaṁ attharati.It is in this way that the Sangha does not perform the robe-making ceremony, nor does a group, but an individual does.37.11Saṅghassa anumodanāya gaṇassa anumodanāya puggalassa atthārā saṅghassa atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, gaṇassa atthataṁ hoti kathinaṁ, puggalassa atthataṁ hoti kathinanti.Yet when an individual performs the robe-making ceremony, and the Sangha expresses its appreciation, the group expresses its appreciation, then the robe-making ceremony has been performed by the Sangha, by the group, and by the individual.”

38.06. Palibodhapañhābyākaraṇa6. Questions and answers regarding the obstacles

38.1Pakkamanantiko kathinuddhāro,“The robe season ends <j>when one departs from the monastery.38.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.38.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:38.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

39.1PTS 5.178Pakkamanantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends <j>when one departs from the monastery.39.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.39.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:39.4Cīvarapalibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati;The robe obstacle is removed first.39.5Tassa saha bahisīmagamanā,The monastery obstacle is removed <j>when one goes outside the monastery zone.39.6Āvāsapalibodho chijjati.

40.1Niṭṭhānantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends when the robe is finished.40.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.40.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:40.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

41.1Niṭṭhānantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends when the robe is finished.41.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.41.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:41.4Āvāsapalibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati;The monastery obstacle is removed first.41.5Cīvare niṭṭhite cīvarapalibodho chijjati.The robe obstacle is removed <j>when the robe is finished.

42.1Sanniṭṭhānantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends when he makes that decision.42.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.42.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:42.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

43.1Sanniṭṭhānantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends when he makes that decision.43.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.43.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:43.4Dve palibodhā apubbaṁ acarimaṁ chijjanti.The two obstacles are removed simultaneously.

44.1Nāsanantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends when the robe-cloth is lost.44.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.44.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:44.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

45.1Nāsanantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends when the robe-cloth is lost.45.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.45.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:45.4Āvāsapalibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati;The monastery obstacle is removed first.45.5Cīvare naṭṭhe cīvarapalibodho chijjati.The robe obstacle is removed <j>when the robe-cloth is lost.

46.1Savanantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends <j>when he hears about the end of the robe season.46.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.46.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:46.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

47.1Savanantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends <j>when he hears about the end of the robe season.47.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.47.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:47.4Cīvarapalibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati;The robe obstacle is removed first.47.5Tassa saha savanena,The monastery obstacle is removed <j>when one hears about the end of the robe season.47.6Āvāsapalibodho chijjati.

48.1Āsāvacchediko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends <j>when the expectation is disappointed.48.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.48.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:48.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

49.1Āsāvacchediko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends <j>when the expectation is disappointed.49.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.49.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:49.4Āvāsapalibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati;The monastery obstacle is removed first.49.5Cīvarāsāya upacchinnāya cīvarapalibodho chijjati.The robe obstacle is removed <j>when the expectation of more robe-cloth is disappointed.

50.1Sīmātikkamanantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends <j>while he is outside the monastery zone.50.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.50.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:50.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

51.1Sīmātikkamanantiko kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends <j>while he is outside the monastery zone.51.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.51.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:51.4Cīvarapalibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati;The robe obstacle is removed first.51.5Tassa bahisīme āvāsapalibodho chijjati.The monastery obstacle is removed <j>when one is outside the monastery zone.

52.1Sahubbhāro kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends together.52.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.52.3Etañca tāhaṁ pucchāmi,And about this I ask you:52.4Katamo palibodho paṭhamaṁ chijjati.Which obstacle is removed first?

53.1Sahubbhāro kathinuddhāro,The robe season ends together.53.2Vutto ādiccabandhunā;So said the Kinsman of the Sun.53.3Etañca tāhaṁ vissajjissaṁ,And about this I answer you:53.4Dve palibodhā apubbaṁ acarimaṁ chijjantīti.The two obstacles are removed simultaneously.”

54.1PTS 5.179Kati kathinuddhārā saṅghādhīnā?“How many kinds of endings of the robe season depend on the Sangha?54.2Kati kathinuddhārā puggalādhīnā?How many kinds of endings of the robe season depend on an individual?54.3Kati kathinuddhārā neva saṅghādhīnā na puggalādhīnā?How many kinds of endings of the robe season depend neither on the Sangha nor on an individual?

54.4Eko kathinuddhāro saṅghādhīno—One kind of ending of the robe season depends on the Sangha:54.5antarubbhāro.when the robe season ends midway.¹⁷54.6Cattāro kathinuddhārā puggalādhīnā—Four kinds of endings of the robe season depend on an individual:54.7pakkamanantiko, niṭṭhānantiko, sanniṭṭhānantiko, sīmātikkamanantiko.when one departs from the monastery, when the robe is finished, when one makes a decision, and when one is outside the monastery zone.54.8Cattāro kathinuddhārā neva saṅghādhīnā na puggalādhīnā—Four kinds of endings of the robe season depend neither on the Sangha nor on an individual:54.9nāsanantiko, savanantiko, āsāvacchediko, sahubbhāro.when the robe-cloth is lost, when one hears about the end of the robe season, when an expectation of more robe-cloth is disappointed, and when the robe season ends together.

54.10Kati kathinuddhārā antosīmāya uddhariyyanti?How many kinds of endings of the robe season happen inside the monastery zone?54.11Kati kathinuddhārā bahisīmāya uddhariyyanti?How many kinds of endings of the robe season happen outside the monastery zone?54.12Kati kathinuddhārā siyā antosīmāya uddhariyyanti siyā bahisīmāya uddhariyyanti?How many kinds of endings of the robe season may happen either inside or outside the monastery zone?

54.13Dve kathinuddhārā antosīmāya uddhariyyanti—Two kinds of endings of the robe season happen inside the monastery zone:54.14antarubbhāro, sahubbhāro.when the robe season ends midway, and when the robe season ends together.54.15Tayo kathinuddhārā bahisīmāya uddhariyyanti—Three kinds of endings of the robe season happen outside the monastery zone:54.16pakkamanantiko, savanantiko, sīmātikkamanantiko.when one departs from the monastery, when one hears about the end of the robe season, and when one is outside the monastery zone.54.17Cattāro kathinuddhārā siyā antosīmāya uddhariyyanti siyā bahisīmāya uddhariyyanti—Four kinds of endings of the robe season may happen inside or outside the monastery zone:54.18niṭṭhānantiko, sanniṭṭhānantiko, nāsanantiko, āsāvacchediko.when the robe is finished, when one makes a decision, when the robe-cloth is lost, and when an expectation of more robe-cloth is disappointed.

55.1Kati kathinuddhārā ekuppādā ekanirodhā?How many kinds of endings of the robe season arise together and end together?55.2Kati kathinuddhārā ekuppādā nānānirodhā?How many kinds of endings of the robe season arise together and end separately?

55.3Dve kathinuddhārā ekuppādā ekanirodhā—Two kinds of endings of the robe season arise together and end together:55.4antarubbhāro, sahubbhāro.when the robe season ends midway, and when the robe season ends together.55.5Avasesā kathinuddhārā ekuppādā nānānirodhāti.The rest of the endings of the robe season arise together but end separately.”

56.1Kathinabhedo niṭṭhito.The robe-making ceremony is finished.