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SN 3.4PTS (1st ed) SN 1.711 min read

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Piyasutta

Reporting on a reflection that arose while on retreat, Pasenadi says that those who do bad deeds treat themselves as enemy. The Buddha expresses his agreement in verse.

Translated by Bhikkhu Sujato · Pāli: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka · Public domain (CC0) via SuttaCentral

  • 0.1Saṁyutta Nikāya 3.4Linked Discourses 3.4
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0.3PiyasuttaLoved

1.1Sāvatthinidānaṁ.At Sāvatthī.

1.2Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho rājā pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:Seated to one side, King Pasenadi said to the Buddha,1.3“idha mayhaṁ, bhante, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṁ cetaso parivitakko udapādi:“Just now, sir, as I was in private retreat this thought came to mind.11.4‘kesaṁ nu kho piyo attā, kesaṁ appiyo attā’ti?‘Who are those who love themselves? And who are those who don’t love themselves?’

1.5Tassa mayhaṁ, bhante, etadahosi:Then it occurred to me:1.6‘ye ca kho keci kāyena duccaritaṁ caranti, vācāya duccaritaṁ caranti, manasā duccaritaṁ caranti;‘Those who do bad things by way of body, speech, and mind1.7tesaṁ appiyo attā.don’t love themselves.1.8Kiñcāpi te evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:Even though they may say:1.9“piyo no attā”ti, atha kho tesaṁ appiyo attā’.“I love myself”, they don’t really.1.10Taṁ kissa hetu?Why is that?1.11Yañhi appiyo appiyassa kareyya, taṁ te attanāva attano karonti;It’s because they treat themselves like an enemy.1.12tasmā tesaṁ appiyo attā.That’s why they don’t love themselves.

1.13Ye ca kho keci kāyena sucaritaṁ caranti, vācāya sucaritaṁ caranti, manasā sucaritaṁ caranti;Those who do good things by way of body, speech, and mind1.14tesaṁ piyo attā.do love themselves.1.15Kiñcāpi te evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:Even though they may say:1.16‘appiyo no attā’ti; atha kho tesaṁ piyo attā.“I don’t love myself”, they do really.1.17Taṁ kissa hetu?Why is that?1.18Yañhi piyo piyassa kareyya, taṁ te attanāva attano karonti;It’s because they treat themselves like a loved one.1.19tasmā tesaṁ piyo attā”ti.That’s why they do love themselves.’”2

2.1“Evametaṁ, mahārāja, evametaṁ, mahārāja.“That’s so true, Great King! That’s so true!” said the Buddha. And he repeated the king’s statement, adding:2.2Ye hi keci, mahārāja, kāyena duccaritaṁ caranti, vācāya duccaritaṁ caranti, manasā duccaritaṁ caranti;2.3tasmā tesaṁ appiyo attā.2.4Kiñcāpi te evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:2.5‘piyo no attā’ti, atha kho tesaṁ appiyo attā.2.6Taṁ kissa hetu?2.7Yañhi, mahārāja, appiyo appiyassa kareyya, taṁ te attanāva attano karonti;2.8tasmā tesaṁ appiyo attā.2.9Ye ca kho keci, mahārāja, kāyena sucaritaṁ caranti, vācāya sucaritaṁ caranti, manasā sucaritaṁ caranti;2.10tesaṁ piyo attā.2.11Kiñcāpi te evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:2.12‘appiyo no attā’ti;2.13atha kho tesaṁ piyo attā.2.14Taṁ kissa hetu?2.15Yañhi, mahārāja, piyo piyassa kareyya, taṁ te attanāva attano karonti;2.16tasmā tesaṁ piyo attā”ti.

2.17Idamavoca …pe…

3.1“Attānañce piyaṁ jaññā,“If you knew your self as beloved,3.2na naṁ pāpena saṁyuje;you’d not yoke yourself to wickedness.3.3Na hi taṁ sulabhaṁ hoti,For happiness is not easy to find3.4sukhaṁ dukkaṭakārinā.by someone who does bad deeds.

4.1Antakenādhipannassa,When you’re seized by the terminator34.2jahato mānusaṁ bhavaṁ;as you give up your human life,4.3Kiñhi tassa sakaṁ hoti,what can you call your own?4.4kiñca ādāya gacchati;What do you take when you go?4.5Kiñcassa anugaṁ hoti,What goes with you,4.6chāyāva anapāyinī.like a shadow that never leaves?4

5.1Ubho puññañca pāpañca,Both the good and the bad5.2yaṁ macco kurute idha;that a mortal does in this life5.3Tañhi tassa sakaṁ hoti,is what they can call their own.55.4taṁva ādāya gacchati;That’s what they take when they go.5.5Taṁvassa anugaṁ hoti,That’s what goes with them,5.6chāyāva anapāyinī.like a shadow that never leaves.

6.1Tasmā kareyya kalyāṇaṁ,That’s why you should do good,6.2nicayaṁ samparāyikaṁ;investing in the future life.66.3Puññāni paralokasmiṁ,The good deeds of sentient beings6.4patiṭṭhā honti pāṇinan”ti.support them in the next world.”

Translator’s notes

  1. Here again we see a progress in their relationship. Now Pasenadi is reflecting on the Dhamma and bringing his own thoughts to the Buddha. Even though Pasenadi is not said to have attained any of the noble paths, this Sutta reveals an insightful grasp of human psychology.

    ↩ sn3.4:1.3
  2. Action is paramount because it is the cause of feelings and emotions. The path forward starts with recognizing that it is within your power to change how you treat yourself.

    ↩ sn3.4:1.19
  3. The “terminator” (antaka) is death, sometimes personified as Māra (eg. SN 4.1:6.4).

    ↩ sn3.4:4.1
  4. This simile also employed at Dhp 2, Thag 17.3:28.4, and MN 91:8.4.

    ↩ sn3.4:4.6
  5. That deeds (kamma) are one’s own (saka) is a stock reflection (eg. MN 135:4.1, AN 5.57:1.7).

    ↩ sn3.4:5.3
  6. Nicaya (“investing”) is more literally, “piling up”.

    ↩ sn3.4:6.2