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MN 29PTS MN 1.1926 min read

The Longer Simile of the Heartwood

Mahāsāropamasutta

Following the incident with Devadatta, the Buddha cautions the mendicants against becoming complacent with superficial benefits of spiritual life and points to liberation as the true heart of the teaching.

Translated by Bhikkhu Sujato · Pāli: Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka · Public domain (CC0) via SuttaCentral

  • 0.1Majjhima Nikāya 29Middle Discourses 29

0.2MahāsāropamasuttaThe Longer Simile of the Heartwood

1.1PTS 1.192Evaṁ me sutaṁ—So I have heard.1.2ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte.At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain, not long after Devadatta had left.11.3Tatra kho bhagavā devadattaṁ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi:There the Buddha spoke to the mendicants about Devadatta:

2.1“Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:“Mendicants, take the case of a gentleman who has gone forth out of faith from the lay life to homelessness, thinking,2.2‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,‘I’m swamped by rebirth, old age, and death; by sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. I’m swamped by suffering, mired in suffering.2.3appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.Hopefully I can make an end to this entire mass of suffering.’2.4So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.When they’ve gone forth they generate possessions, honor, and popularity.2.5So tena lābhasakkārasilokena attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re happy with that, and they’ve got all they wished for.2.6So tena lābhasakkārasilokena attānukkaṁseti paraṁ vambheti:And they glorify themselves and put others down because of that:2.7‘ahamasmi lābhasakkārasilokavā, ime panaññe bhikkhū appaññātā appesakkhā’ti.‘I’m the one with possessions, honor, and popularity. These other mendicants are obscure and insignificant.’2.8So tena lābhasakkārasilokena majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.And so they become indulgent and fall into negligence on account of those possessions, honor, and popularity. And being negligent they live in suffering.2

2.9Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ atikkamma phegguṁ atikkamma tacaṁ atikkamma papaṭikaṁ, sākhāpalāsaṁ chetvā ādāya pakkameyya ‘sāran’ti maññamāno.Suppose there was a person in need of heartwood. And while wandering in search of heartwood he’d come across a large tree standing with heartwood. But, passing over the heartwood, softwood, bark, and shoots, he’d cut off the branches and leaves and leave imagining they were heartwood.32.10Tamenaṁ cakkhumā puriso disvā evaṁ vadeyya:If a person with clear eyes saw him they’d say,2.11‘na vatāyaṁ bhavaṁ puriso aññāsi sāraṁ, na aññāsi phegguṁ, na aññāsi tacaṁ, na aññāsi papaṭikaṁ, na aññāsi sākhāpalāsaṁ.‘This gentleman doesn’t know what heartwood, softwood, bark, shoots, or branches and leaves are.2.12Tathā hayaṁ bhavaṁ puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ atikkamma phegguṁ atikkamma tacaṁ atikkamma papaṭikaṁ, sākhāpalāsaṁ chetvā ādāya pakkanto “sāran”ti maññamāno.That’s why he passed them over, cut off the branches and leaves, and left imagining they were heartwood.2.13Yañcassa sārena sārakaraṇīyaṁ tañcassa atthaṁ nānubhavissatī’ti.Whatever he needs to make from heartwood, he won’t succeed.’ …

2.14Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:2.15‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,2.16appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.2.17So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.2.18So tena lābhasakkārasilokena attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.2.19So tena lābhasakkārasilokena attānukkaṁseti, paraṁ vambheti ‘ahamasmi lābhasakkārasilokavā, ime panaññe bhikkhū appaññātā appesakkhā’ti.2.20PTS 1.193So tena lābhasakkārasilokena majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.2.21Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sākhāpalāsaṁ aggahesi brahmacariyassa;This is called a mendicant who has grabbed the branches and leaves of the spiritual life2.22tena ca vosānaṁ āpādi.and stopped short with that.

3.1Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:Next, take a gentleman who has gone forth out of faith from the lay life to homelessness …3.2‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,3.3appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.3.4So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.When they’ve gone forth they generate possessions, honor, and popularity.3.5So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re not happy with that, and haven’t got all they wished for.3.6So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.They don’t glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.3.7So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati.Nor do they become indulgent and fall into negligence on account of those possessions, honor, and popularity.3.8Appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.Being diligent, they achieve accomplishment in ethics.3.9So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re happy with that, and they’ve got all they wished for.3.10So tāya sīlasampadāya attānukkaṁseti, paraṁ vambheti:And they glorify themselves and put others down on account of that:3.11‘ahamasmi sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, ime panaññe bhikkhū dussīlā pāpadhammā’ti.‘I’m the one who is ethical, of good character. These other mendicants are unethical, of bad character.’3.12So tāya sīlasampadāya majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.And so they become indulgent and fall into negligence regarding their accomplishment in ethics. And being negligent they live in suffering.

3.13Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ atikkamma phegguṁ atikkamma tacaṁ, papaṭikaṁ chetvā ādāya pakkameyya ‘sāran’ti maññamāno.Suppose there was a person in need of heartwood. And while wandering in search of heartwood he’d come across a large tree standing with heartwood. But, passing over the heartwood, softwood, and bark, he’d cut off the shoots and leave imagining they were heartwood.3.14Tamenaṁ cakkhumā puriso disvā evaṁ vadeyya:If a person with clear eyes saw him they’d say,3.15‘na vatāyaṁ bhavaṁ puriso aññāsi sāraṁ, na aññāsi phegguṁ, na aññāsi tacaṁ, na aññāsi papaṭikaṁ, na aññāsi sākhāpalāsaṁ.‘This gentleman doesn’t know what heartwood, softwood, bark, shoots, or branches and leaves are.3.16Tathā hayaṁ bhavaṁ puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ atikkamma phegguṁ atikkamma tacaṁ, papaṭikaṁ chetvā ādāya pakkanto “sāran”ti maññamāno;That’s why he passed them over, cut off the shoots, and left imagining they were heartwood.3.17yañcassa sārena sārakaraṇīyaṁ tañcassa atthaṁ nānubhavissatī’ti.Whatever he needs to make from heartwood, he won’t succeed.’ …

4.1Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:4.2‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,4.3appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.4.4So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.4.5So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.4.6So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.4.7So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati.4.8Appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.4.9So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.4.10So tāya sīlasampadāya attānukkaṁseti, paraṁ vambheti:4.11‘ahamasmi sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo, ime panaññe bhikkhū dussīlā pāpadhammā’ti.4.12So tāya sīlasampadāya majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.4.13PTS 1.194Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu papaṭikaṁ aggahesi brahmacariyassa;This is called a mendicant who has grabbed the shoots of the spiritual life4.14tena ca vosānaṁ āpādi.and stopped short with that.

4.15Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:Next, take a gentleman who has gone forth out of faith from the lay life to homelessness …4.16‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,4.17appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.4.18So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.When they’ve gone forth they generate possessions, honor, and popularity. …4.19So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.4.20So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.4.21So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.4.22So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.4.23So tāya sīlasampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.4.24So tāya sīlasampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati.4.25Appamatto samāno samādhisampadaṁ ārādheti.Being diligent, they achieve accomplishment in immersion.4.26So tāya samādhisampadāya attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re happy with that, and they’ve got all they wished for.4.27So tāya samādhisampadāya attānukkaṁseti, paraṁ vambheti:And they glorify themselves and put others down on account of that:4.28‘ahamasmi samāhito ekaggacitto, ime panaññe bhikkhū asamāhitā vibbhantacittā’ti.‘I’m the one with immersion and unified mind. These other mendicants lack immersion, they have straying minds.’4.29So tāya samādhisampadāya majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.And so they become indulgent and fall into negligence regarding that accomplishment in immersion. And being negligent they live in suffering.

4.30Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ atikkamma phegguṁ tacaṁ chetvā ādāya pakkameyya ‘sāran’ti maññamāno.Suppose there was a person in need of heartwood. And while wandering in search of heartwood he’d come across a large tree standing with heartwood. But, passing over the heartwood and softwood, he’d cut off the bark and leave imagining it was heartwood.4.31Tamenaṁ cakkhumā puriso disvā evaṁ vadeyya ‘na vatāyaṁ bhavaṁ puriso aññāsi sāraṁ, na aññāsi phegguṁ, na aññāsi tacaṁ, na aññāsi papaṭikaṁ, na aññāsi sākhāpalāsaṁ.If a person with clear eyes saw him they’d say: ‘This gentleman doesn’t know what heartwood, softwood, bark, shoots, or branches and leaves are.4.32Tathā hayaṁ bhavaṁ puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ atikkamma phegguṁ tacaṁ chetvā ādāya pakkanto “sāran”ti maññamāno.That’s why he passed them over, cut off the bark, and left imagining it was heartwood.4.33Yañcassa sārena sārakaraṇīyaṁ tañcassa atthaṁ nānubhavissatī’ti.Whatever he needs to make from heartwood, he won’t succeed.’ …

4.34PTS 1.195Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:4.35‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,4.36appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.4.37So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.4.38So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.4.39So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.4.40So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.4.41So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.4.42So tāya sīlasampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.4.43So tāya sīlasampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno samādhisampadaṁ ārādheti.4.44So tāya samādhisampadāya attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.4.45So tāya samādhisampadāya attānukkaṁseti, paraṁ vambheti:4.46‘ahamasmi samāhito ekaggacitto, ime panaññe bhikkhū asamāhitā vibbhantacittā’ti.4.47So tāya samādhisampadāya majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.4.48Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tacaṁ aggahesi brahmacariyassa;This is called a mendicant who has grabbed the bark of the spiritual life4.49tena ca vosānaṁ āpādi.and stopped short with that.

5.1Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:Next, take a gentleman who has gone forth out of faith from the lay life to homelessness …5.2‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,5.3appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.5.4So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.When they’ve gone forth they generate possessions, honor, and popularity. …5.5So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.5.6So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.5.7So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati.5.8Appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.5.9So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.5.10So tāya sīlasampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.5.11So tāya sīlasampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno samādhisampadaṁ ārādheti.5.12So tāya samādhisampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.5.13So tāya samādhisampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.5.14So tāya samādhisampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati appamatto samāno ñāṇadassanaṁ ārādheti.Being diligent, they achieve knowledge and vision.45.15So tena ñāṇadassanena attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re happy with that, and they’ve got all they wished for.5.16So tena ñāṇadassanena attānukkaṁseti, paraṁ vambheti:And they glorify themselves and put others down on account of that,5.17‘ahamasmi jānaṁ passaṁ viharāmi.‘I’m the one who meditates knowing and seeing.5.18Ime panaññe bhikkhū ajānaṁ apassaṁ viharantī’ti.These other mendicants meditate without knowing and seeing.’5.19So tena ñāṇadassanena majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.And so they become indulgent and fall into negligence regarding that knowledge and vision. And being negligent they live in suffering.

5.20Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ phegguṁ chetvā ādāya pakkameyya ‘sāran’ti maññamāno.Suppose there was a person in need of heartwood. And while wandering in search of heartwood he’d come across a large tree standing with heartwood. But, passing over the heartwood, he’d cut out the softwood and leave imagining it was heartwood.5.21Tamenaṁ cakkhumā puriso disvā evaṁ vadeyya:If a person with clear eyes saw him they’d say,5.22‘na vatāyaṁ bhavaṁ puriso aññāsi sāraṁ na aññāsi phegguṁ na aññāsi tacaṁ na aññāsi papaṭikaṁ na aññāsi sākhāpalāsaṁ.‘This gentleman doesn’t know what heartwood, softwood, bark, shoots, or branches and leaves are.5.23Tathā hayaṁ bhavaṁ puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva sāraṁ phegguṁ chetvā ādāya pakkanto “sāran”ti maññamāno.That’s why he passed them over, cut out the softwood, and left imagining it was heartwood.5.24Yañcassa sārena sārakaraṇīyaṁ tañcassa atthaṁ nānubhavissatī’ti.Whatever he needs to make from heartwood, he won’t succeed.’ …

5.25PTS 1.196Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:5.26‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,5.27appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.5.28So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.5.29So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.5.30So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.5.31So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.5.32So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.5.33So tāya sīlasampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.5.34So tāya sīlasampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno samādhisampadaṁ ārādheti.5.35So tāya samādhisampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.5.36So tāya samādhisampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.5.37So tāya samādhisampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno ñāṇadassanaṁ ārādheti.5.38So tena ñāṇadassanena attamano hoti paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.5.39So tena ñāṇadassanena attānukkaṁseti, paraṁ vambheti:5.40‘ahamasmi jānaṁ passaṁ viharāmi, ime panaññe bhikkhū ajānaṁ apassaṁ viharantī’ti.5.41So tena ñāṇadassanena majjati pamajjati pamādaṁ āpajjati, pamatto samāno dukkhaṁ viharati.5.42Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu phegguṁ aggahesi brahmacariyassa;This is called a mendicant who has grabbed the softwood of the spiritual life5.43tena ca vosānaṁ āpādi.and stopped short with that.

6.1Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:Next, take a gentleman who has gone forth out of faith from the lay life to homelessness, thinking,6.2‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,‘I’m swamped by rebirth, old age, and death; by sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. I’m swamped by suffering, mired in suffering.6.3appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.Hopefully I can make an end to this entire mass of suffering.’6.4So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.When they’ve gone forth they generate possessions, honor, and popularity.6.5So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti, na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re not happy with that, and haven’t got all they wished for.6.6So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.They don’t glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.6.7So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.Nor do they become indulgent and fall into negligence on account of those possessions, honor, and popularity. Being diligent, they achieve accomplishment in ethics.6.8So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re happy with that, but they haven’t got all they wished for.6.9So tāya sīlasampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.They don’t glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.6.10So tāya sīlasampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno samādhisampadaṁ ārādheti.Nor do they become indulgent and fall into negligence regarding that accomplishment in ethics. Being diligent, they achieve accomplishment in immersion.6.11So tāya samādhisampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re happy with that, but they haven’t got all they wished for.6.12So tāya samādhisampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.They don’t glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.6.13So tāya samādhisampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno ñāṇadassanaṁ ārādheti.Nor do they become indulgent and fall into negligence regarding that accomplishment in immersion. Being diligent, they achieve knowledge and vision.6.14So tena ñāṇadassanena attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.They’re happy with that, but they haven’t got all they wished for.6.15So tena ñāṇadassanena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.They don’t glorify themselves and put others down on account of that.6.16So tena ñāṇadassanena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno asamayavimokkhaṁ ārādheti.Nor do they become indulgent and fall into negligence regarding that knowledge and vision. Being diligent, they achieve irreversible freedom.56.17Aṭṭhānametaṁ, bhikkhave, anavakāso yaṁ so bhikkhu tāya asamayavimuttiyā parihāyetha.And it’s impossible for that mendicant to fall away from that irreversible freedom.

6.18PTS 1.197Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato sāraññeva chetvā ādāya pakkameyya ‘sāran’ti jānamāno.Suppose there was a person in need of heartwood. And while wandering in search of heartwood he’d come across a large tree standing with heartwood. He’d cut out just the heartwood and leave knowing it was heartwood.6.19Tamenaṁ cakkhumā puriso disvā evaṁ vadeyya:If a person with clear eyes saw him they’d say,6.20‘aññāsi vatāyaṁ bhavaṁ puriso sāraṁ, aññāsi phegguṁ, aññāsi tacaṁ, aññāsi papaṭikaṁ, aññāsi sākhāpalāsaṁ.‘This gentleman knows what heartwood, softwood, bark, shoots, and branches and leaves are.6.21Tathā hayaṁ bhavaṁ puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṁ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato sāraññeva chetvā ādāya pakkanto “sāran”ti jānamāno.That’s why he cut out just the heartwood and left knowing it was heartwood.6.22Yañcassa sārena sārakaraṇīyaṁ tañcassa atthaṁ anubhavissatī’ti.Whatever he needs to make from heartwood, he will succeed.’ …

6.23Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti:6.24‘otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto,6.25appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.6.26So evaṁ pabbajito samāno lābhasakkārasilokaṁ abhinibbatteti.6.27So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attamano hoti, na paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.6.28So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.6.29So tena lābhasakkārasilokena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno sīlasampadaṁ ārādheti.6.30So tāya sīlasampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.6.31So tāya sīlasampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.6.32So tāya sīlasampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno samādhisampadaṁ ārādheti.6.33So tāya samādhisampadāya attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.6.34So tāya samādhisampadāya na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.6.35So tāya samādhisampadāya na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno ñāṇadassanaṁ ārādheti.6.36So tena ñāṇadassanena attamano hoti, no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappo.6.37So tena ñāṇadassanena na attānukkaṁseti, na paraṁ vambheti.6.38So tena ñāṇadassanena na majjati nappamajjati na pamādaṁ āpajjati, appamatto samāno asamayavimokkhaṁ ārādheti.6.39Aṭṭhānametaṁ, bhikkhave, anavakāso yaṁ so bhikkhu tāya asamayavimuttiyā parihāyetha.It’s impossible for that mendicant to fall away from that irreversible freedom.

7.1Iti kho, bhikkhave, nayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ lābhasakkārasilokānisaṁsaṁ, na sīlasampadānisaṁsaṁ, na samādhisampadānisaṁsaṁ, na ñāṇadassanānisaṁsaṁ.And so, mendicants, this spiritual life is not lived for the sake of possessions, honor, and popularity, or for accomplishment in ethics, or for accomplishment in immersion, or for knowledge and vision.7.2Yā ca kho ayaṁ, bhikkhave, akuppā cetovimutti—It is this unshakable freedom of heart67.3etadatthamidaṁ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṁ, etaṁ sāraṁ etaṁ pariyosānan”ti.that is the goal of the spiritual life, the core and the final end.”

7.4Idamavoca bhagavā.That is what the Buddha said.7.5Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.Satisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said.

7.6Mahāsāropamasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.

Translator’s notes

  1. Devadatta was the Buddha’s cousin and nemesis. After going forth together with several other relatives of the Buddha (Kd 17:1.4.1), his initial success in meditation was corrupted by his desire for gains and fame (SN 17.35). He tried to take over the Saṅgha but was denounced by the Buddha. His attempt to create a schismatic faction failed and he died in disgrace.

    ↩ mn29:1.2
  2. The Chinese parallel at EA 43.4 says that this discourse was given during the time he was being lavishly supported by Prince Ajātasattu (SN 17.36, Kd 17:2.1.1).

    ↩ mn29:2.8
  3. Compare the “noble quest” on MN 26 and the search for a “bull elephant” in MN 27. In each case the metaphor emphasizes the specific and uncompromising nature of the goal. The moral is to not stop until the journey is truly complete.

    ↩ mn29:2.9
  4. While “knowledge and vision” (ñāṇadassana) that is “in accordance with reality” (yathābhūta) refers to the vision of the four noble truths at stream-entry, “knowledge and vision” by itself does not have a well established technical meaning. At DN 2:83.1 it is said to be a vision of the body with its consciousness, although this passage is rare and in MN 77:29.11 is not described as “knowledge and vision”. Elsewhere it is used in a variety of senses for a kind of clear and enhanced spiritual understanding.

    ↩ mn29:5.14
  5. The “irreversible freedom” (asamaya, literally “not temporary”) is that of arahantship, as opposed to the “temporary freedom” of samādhi, from which one can fall away due to bad conduct (AN 5.149), like Devadatta.

    Text inconsistently has vimokkha (“liberation”) here and vimutti (“freedom”) in the next line, although elsewhere the suttas always read vimutti. It seems that when these attainments came to be included in the Vimokkha Chapter of the Paṭisambhidāmagga (a late canonical Abhidhamma-style text), they were renamed vimokkha to fit the context (Ps 1.5:2.10). The commentary then cited that passage here using vimokkha, but the commentarial gloss must have contaminated the text. I translate under the assumption that the correct reading is vimutti, although it makes no practical difference.

    ↩ mn29:6.16
  6. This links the “irreversible” freedom with the “unshakable” freedom of arahantship; the two are equated at MN 122:4.1.

    ↩ mn29:7.2