- 0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
- 0.2BhikkhunivibhaṅgaThe Nuns’ Analysis
- 0.3PācittiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing confession
- 0.4ChattupāhanavaggaThe subchapter on sunshades and sandals
0.584. ChattupāhanasikkhāpadaUsing sunshades and sandals
1.1.0.1Origin story
1.1.0.2First substory
1.1.1Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,1.1.2Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṁ dhārenti.the nuns from the group of six used sunshades and sandals.1.1.3Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—People complained and criticized them,1.1.4“kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṁ dhāressanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo”ti.“How can nuns use sunshades and sandals? They’re just like householders who indulge in worldly pleasures!”
1.1.5Assosuṁ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.The nuns heard the complaints of those people.1.1.6Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—The nuns of few desires complained and criticized them,1.1.7“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṁ dhāressantī”ti …pe…“How can the nuns from the group of six use sunshades and sandals?” …1.1.8“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṁ dhārentī”ti?“Is it true, monks, that those nuns do this?”
1.1.9“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”
1.1.10Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked them …1.1.11kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṁ dhāressanti.“How can the nuns from the group of six do this?1.1.12Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.1.13evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
1.1.14.0First preliminary ruling
1.1.14.1“Yā pana bhikkhunī chattupāhanaṁ dhāreyya, pācittiyan”ti.‘If a nun uses a sunshade and sandals, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
1.1.15Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the nuns.
1.2.0Second substory
1.2.1Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī gilānā hoti.Soon afterwards there was a sick nun1.2.2PTS 4.338Tassā vinā chattupāhanaṁ na phāsu hoti …pe…who was not comfortable without a sunshade and sandals. …1.2.3bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…They told the Buddha. The Buddha then had the Sangha gathered and addressed the monks:
1.2.4anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānāya bhikkhuniyā chattupāhanaṁ.“Monks, I allow a sick nun to use a sunshade and sandals.
1.2.5Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—And so, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
1.2.6.0Final ruling
1.2.6.1“Yā pana bhikkhunī agilānā chattupāhanaṁ dhāreyya, pācittiyan”ti.‘If a nun who is not sick uses a sunshade and sandals, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
2.1.0Definitions
- 2.1.1Yā panātiA:
- 2.1.2yā yādisā …pe…whoever …
- 2.1.3bhikkhunītiNun:
- 2.1.4…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
- 2.1.5Agilānā nāmaWho is not sick:
- 2.1.6yassā vinā chattupāhanaṁ phāsu hoti.who is comfortable without a sunshade and sandals.
- 2.1.7Gilānā nāmaWho is sick:
- 2.1.8yassā vinā chattupāhanaṁ na phāsu hoti.who is not comfortable without a sunshade and sandals.
- 2.1.9Chattaṁ nāmaA sunshade:
- 2.1.10tīṇi chattāni— setacchattaṁ, kilañjacchattaṁ, paṇṇacchattaṁ maṇḍalabaddhaṁ salākabaddhaṁ.there are three kinds of sunshades: the white sunshade, the reed sunshade, the leaf sunshade. They are bound at the rim and bound at the ribs.1
- 2.1.11DhāreyyātiUses:
- 2.1.12sakimpi dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.if she uses them even once, she commits an offense entailing confession.
2.2.0Permutations
2.2.1Agilānā agilānasaññā chattupāhanaṁ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If she is not sick, and she does not perceive herself as sick, and she uses a sunshade and sandals, she commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.2Agilānā vematikā chattupāhanaṁ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If she is not sick, but she is unsure of it, and she uses a sunshade and sandals, she commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.3Agilānā gilānasaññā chattupāhanaṁ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.If she is not sick, but she perceives herself as sick, and she uses a sunshade and sandals, she commits an offense entailing confession.
2.2.4Chattaṁ dhāreti na upāhanaṁ, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If she uses a sunshade, but not sandals, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.5Upāhanaṁ dhāreti na chattaṁ, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If she uses sandals, but not a sunshade, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.6Gilānā agilānasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If she is sick, but she does not perceive herself as sick, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.7Gilānā vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If she is sick, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.8Gilānā gilānasaññā, anāpatti.If she is sick, and she perceives herself as sick, there is no offense.
2.3.0Non-offenses
2.3.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.3.2gilānāya,if she is sick; 2.3.3ārāme ārāmūpacāre dhāreti,if she uses them in a monastery or in the vicinity of a monastery; 2.3.4āpadāsu,if there is an emergency; 2.3.5ummattikāya,if she is insane; 2.3.6ādikammikāyāti.if she is the first offender.
2.3.7Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.The first training rule is finished.