0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
0.2MahāvibhaṅgaThe Great Analysis
0.3PācittiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on offenses entailing confession
0.4BhojanavaggaThe subchapter on eating

0.538. SannidhikārakasikkhāpadaEating stored food

1.0Origin story

1.1Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.1.2Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa upajjhāyo āyasmā belaṭṭhasīso araññe viharati.At that time Venerable Belaṭṭhasīsa, Venerable Ānanda’s preceptor, was staying in the wilderness.1.3So piṇḍāya caritvā sukkhakuraṁ ārāmaṁ haritvā sukkhāpetvā nikkhipati.After walking for alms, he brought plain cooked rice back to the monastery where he dried and stored it.1.4Yadā āhārena attho hoti, tadā udakena temetvā temetvā bhuñjati, cirena gāmaṁ piṇḍāya pavisati.Whenever he got hungry, he moistened and ate it. As a result, he only went the village for alms after a long time.

1.5Bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ belaṭṭhasīsaṁ etadavocuṁ—The monks asked him,1.6“kissa tvaṁ, āvuso, cirena gāmaṁ piṇḍāya pavisasī”ti?“Why do you only go for alms after such a long time?”1.7Atha kho āyasmā belaṭṭhasīso bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi.And he told them.

1.8“Kiṁ pana tvaṁ, āvuso, sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjasī”ti?“But do you eat food that you’ve stored?”

1.9“Evamāvuso”ti.“Yes.”

1.10Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—The monks of few desires complained and criticized him,1.11“kathañhi nāma āyasmā belaṭṭhasīso sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjissatī”ti …pe…“How can Venerable Belaṭṭhasīsa eat food that he has stored?” …1.12“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, belaṭṭhasīsa, sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjasī”ti?“Is it true, Belaṭṭhasīsa, that you do this?”

1.13“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”

1.14Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked him …1.15kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, belaṭṭhasīsa, sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjissasi.“Belaṭṭhasīsa, how can you do this?1.16Netaṁ, belaṭṭhasīsa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.17evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

1.18.0Final ruling

1.18.1PTS 4.87“Yo pana bhikkhu sannidhikārakaṁ khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.‘If a monk eats fresh or cooked food that he has stored, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

2.1.0Definitions

2.1.1Yo panātiA:: 2.1.2yo yādiso …pe…whoever …
2.1.3bhikkhūtiMonk:: 2.1.4…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
2.1.5Sannidhikārakaṁ nāmaThat he has stored:: 2.1.6ajja paṭiggahitaṁ aparajju khāditaṁ hoti.received today and eaten on the following day.
2.1.7Khādanīyaṁ nāmaFresh food:: 2.1.8pañca bhojanāni—yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ ṭhapetvā avasesaṁ khādanīyaṁ nāma.apart from the five cooked foods, the post-midday tonics, the seven-day tonics, and the lifetime tonics, the rest is called “fresh food”.
2.1.9Bhojanīyaṁ nāmaCooked food:: 2.1.10pañca bhojanāni—odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṁsaṁ.there are five kinds of cooked food: cooked grain, porridge, flour products, fish, and meat.

2.1.11“Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If he receives fresh or cooked food with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.1.12Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense entailing confession.

2.2.0Permutations

2.2.1Sannidhikārake sannidhikārakasaññī khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it has been stored, and he perceives that it has, and he eats the fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.2Sannidhikārake vematiko khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it has been stored, but he is unsure of it, and he eats the fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.2.2.3Sannidhikārake asannidhikārakasaññī khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.If it has been stored, but he does not perceive that it has, and he eats the fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession.

2.2.4Yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If he receives post-midday tonics, seven-day tonics, or lifetime tonics for the purpose of food, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.5Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa.For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

2.2.6Asannidhikārake sannidhikārakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it has not been stored, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.7Asannidhikārake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it has not been stored, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.2.8Asannidhikārake asannidhikārakasaññī, anāpatti.If it has not been stored, and he does not perceive that it has, there is no offense.

2.3.0Non-offenses

2.3.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.3.2yāvakālikaṁ yāvakāle nidahitvā bhuñjati,if he both stores and eats it during the right time;2.3.3yāmakālikaṁ yāme nidahitvā bhuñjati,if he both stores and eats post-midday tonics during the remainder of the day;2.3.4sattāhakālikaṁ sattāhaṁ nidahitvā bhuñjati,if he both stores and eats seven-day tonics during the seven-day period;2.3.5yāvajīvikaṁ sati paccaye paribhuñjati,if he uses lifetime tonics when there is a reason;2.3.6ummattakassa,if he is insane;2.3.7ādikammikassāti.if he is the first offender.

2.3.8Sannidhikārakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ aṭṭhamaṁ.The training rule on eating stored food, the eighth, is finished.