- 0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
- 0.2MahāvibhaṅgaThe Great Analysis
- 0.3NissaggiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on relinquishment
- 0.4CīvaravaggaThe subchapter on robes
0.51. KathinasikkhāpadaThe training rule on keeping extra robe-cloth beyond ten days
0.6PTS 3.195Ime kho panāyasmanto tiṁsa nissaggiyā pācittiyā dhammā uddesaṁ āgacchanti.Venerables, these thirty rules on relinquishment and confession come up for recitation.
1.0.1Origin story
1.0.2First substory
1.1Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati gotamake cetiye.At one time when the Buddha was staying at Vesālī at the Gotamaka Shrine,11.2Tena kho pana samayena bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ ticīvaraṁ anuññātaṁ hoti.he allowed the three robes for the monks.1.3Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū—“bhagavatā ticīvaraṁ anuññātan”ti aññeneva ticīvarena gāmaṁ pavisanti, aññena ticīvarena ārāme acchanti, aññena ticīvarena nahānaṁ otaranti.When they heard about this, the monks from the group of six went to the village in one set of three robes, stayed in the monastery in another set, and went to bathe in yet another set.1.4Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—The monks of few desires complained and criticized them,1.5“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atirekacīvaraṁ dhāressantī”ti.“How can the monks from the group of six keep extra robes?”
1.6Atha kho te bhikkhū chabbaggiye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…After rebuking those monks in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:1.7“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, atirekacīvaraṁ dhārethā”ti?“Is it true, monks, that you do this?”
1.8“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”
1.9Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked them …1.10kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, atirekacīvaraṁ dhāressatha.“Foolish men, how can you do this?1.11Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.12evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
1.13.0Preliminary ruling
1.13.1“Yo pana bhikkhu atirekacīvaraṁ dhāreyya, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan”ti.‘If a monk keeps an extra robe, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.’”
1.14Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.
2.1.0Second substory
2.1.1PTS 3.196Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa atirekacīvaraṁ uppannaṁ hoti.Soon afterwards Venerable Ānanda was offered an extra robe.22.2Āyasmā ca ānando taṁ cīvaraṁ āyasmato sāriputtassa dātukāmo hoti.He wanted to give it to Venerable Sāriputta2.3Āyasmā ca sāriputto sākete viharati.who was staying at Sāketa.2.4Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi—Knowing that the Buddha had laid down a rule against having extra robes, Ānanda thought,2.5“bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ—2.6‘na atirekacīvaraṁ dhāretabban’ti.2.7Idañca me atirekacīvaraṁ uppannaṁ.2.8Ahañcimaṁ cīvaraṁ āyasmato sāriputtassa dātukāmo.2.9Āyasmā ca sāriputto sākete viharati.2.10Kathaṁ nu kho mayā paṭipajjitabban”ti?“What should I do now?”2.11Atha kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi.He told the Buddha, who said,2.12“Kīvaciraṁ panānanda, sāriputto āgacchissatī”ti?“How long is it, Ānanda, before Sāriputta returns?”
2.13“Navamaṁ vā, bhagavā, divasaṁ dasamaṁ vā”ti.“Nine or ten days.”
2.14Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:2.15“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dasāhaparamaṁ atirekacīvaraṁ dhāretuṁ.“Monks, you should keep an extra robe for ten days at the most.2.16Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
2.17.0Final ruling
2.17.1“Niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṁ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmiṁ kathine dasāhaparamaṁ atirekacīvaraṁ dhāretabbaṁ. Taṁ atikkāmayato nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan”ti.‘When his robe is finished and the robe season has ended, a monk should keep an extra robe for ten days at the most. If he keeps it longer than that, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.’”
3.1.0Definitions
- 3.1.1NiṭṭhitacīvarasmintiWhen his robe is finished:
- 3.1.2bhikkhuno cīvaraṁ kataṁ vā hoti naṭṭhaṁ vā vinaṭṭhaṁ vā daḍḍhaṁ vā cīvarāsā vā upacchinnā.the monk has made a robe; or the robe-cloth has been lost, destroyed, or burned; or his expectation of receiving further robe-cloth is disappointed.3
- 3.1.3Ubbhatasmiṁ kathinetiThe robe season has ended:
- 3.1.4aṭṭhannaṁ mātikānaṁ aññatarāya mātikāya ubbhataṁ hoti, saṅghena vā antarā ubbhataṁ hoti.it has ended according to one of the eight key phrases or the Sangha has ended it.4
- 3.1.5DasāhaparamantiFor ten days at the most:
- 3.1.6dasāhaparamatā dhāretabbaṁ.it should be kept ten days at a maximum.
- 3.1.7Atirekacīvaraṁ nāmaAn extra robe:
- 3.1.8anadhiṭṭhitaṁ avikappitaṁ.it has not been determined nor assigned to another.5
- 3.1.9Cīvaraṁ nāmaRobe:
- 3.1.10channaṁ cīvarānaṁ aññataraṁ cīvaraṁ, vikappanupagaṁ pacchimaṁ.one of the six kinds of robe-cloth, but not smaller than what can be assigned to another.6
- 3.2.1Taṁ atikkāmayato nissaggiyaṁ hotītiIf he keeps it longer than that, it becomes subject to relinquishment:7
- 3.2.2ekādase aruṇuggamane nissaggiyaṁ hoti.it becomes subject to relinquishment at dawn on the eleventh day.8
3.2.3Nissajjitabbaṁ saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā.The robe-cloth should be relinquished to a sangha, a group, or an individual.3.2.4Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nissajjitabbaṁ.“And, monks, it should be relinquished like this.3.2.5Tena bhikkhunā saṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—After approaching the Sangha, that monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder and pay respect at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say:
3.2.6“idaṁ me, bhante, cīvaraṁ dasāhātikkantaṁ nissaggiyaṁ,‘Venerables, this robe-cloth, which I have kept over ten days, is to be relinquished.3.2.7imāhaṁ saṅghassa nissajjāmī”ti.I relinquish it to the Sangha.’”
3.2.8Nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā.After relinquishing it, he should confess the offense.3.2.9Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena āpatti paṭiggahetabbā.The confession should be received by a competent and capable monk.3.2.10Nissaṭṭhacīvaraṁ dātabbaṁ—The relinquished robe-cloth is then to be given back:
3.2.11“Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.“Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.3.2.12Idaṁ cīvaraṁ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno nissaggiyaṁ saṅghassa nissaṭṭhaṁ.This robe-cloth, which was to be relinquished by monk so-and-so, has been relinquished to the Sangha.3.2.13Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho imaṁ cīvaraṁ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyyā”ti.If the Sangha is ready, it should give this robe-cloth back to monk so-and-so.”
3.2.14PTS 3.197Tena bhikkhunā sambahule bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassu vacanīyā—Or: after approaching several monks, that monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder and pay respect at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say:9
3.2.15“idaṁ me, bhante, cīvaraṁ dasāhātikkantaṁ nissaggiyaṁ.“Venerables, this robe-cloth, which I have kept over ten days, is to be relinquished.3.2.16Imāhaṁ āyasmantānaṁ nissajjāmī”ti.I relinquish it to you.”
3.2.17Nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā.After relinquishing it, he should confess the offense.3.2.18Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena āpatti paṭiggahetabbā.The confession should be received by a competent and capable monk.3.2.19Nissaṭṭhacīvaraṁ dātabbaṁ—The relinquished robe-cloth is then to be given back:
3.2.20“Suṇantu me āyasmantā.“Please, venerables, I ask you to listen.3.2.21Idaṁ cīvaraṁ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno nissaggiyaṁ āyasmantānaṁ nissaṭṭhaṁ.This robe-cloth, which was to be relinquished by monk so-and-so, has been relinquished to you.3.2.22Yadāyasmantānaṁ pattakallaṁ, āyasmantā imaṁ cīvaraṁ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyyun”ti.If the venerables are ready, you should give this robe-cloth back to monk so-and-so.”
3.2.23Tena bhikkhunā ekaṁ bhikkhuṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—Or: after approaching a single monk, that monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder, squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say:
3.2.24“idaṁ me, āvuso, cīvaraṁ dasāhātikkantaṁ nissaggiyaṁ.“This robe-cloth, which I have kept over ten days, is to be relinquished.3.2.25Imāhaṁ āyasmato nissajjāmī”ti.I relinquish it to you.”
3.2.26Nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā.After relinquishing it, he should confess the offense.3.2.27Tena bhikkhunā āpatti paṭiggahetabbā.The confession should be received by that monk.3.2.28Nissaṭṭhacīvaraṁ dātabbaṁ—The relinquished robe-cloth is then to be given back:
3.2.29“imaṁ cīvaraṁ āyasmato dammī”ti.“I give this robe-cloth back to you.”
4.0Permutations
4.1Dasāhātikkante atikkantasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it is more than ten days and he perceives it as more, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.2Dasāhātikkante vematiko, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it is more than ten days, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.3Dasāhātikkante anatikkantasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it is more than ten days, but he perceives it as less, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.
4.4Anadhiṭṭhite adhiṭṭhitasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been determined, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.5Avikappite vikappitasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been assigned to another, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.6Avissajjite vissajjitasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been given away, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.7Anaṭṭhe naṭṭhasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been lost, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.8Avinaṭṭhe vinaṭṭhasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been destroyed, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.9Adaḍḍhe daḍḍhasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been burned, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.4.10Avilutte viluttasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been stolen, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.
4.11Nissaggiyaṁ cīvaraṁ anissajjitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If he uses robe-cloth that should be relinquished without first relinquishing it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.4.12Dasāhānatikkante atikkantasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is less than ten days, but he perceives it as more, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.4.13Dasāhānatikkante vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is less than ten days, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.4.14Dasāhānatikkante anatikkantasaññī, anāpatti.If it is less than ten days and he perceives it as less, there is no offense.
4.15.0Non-offenses
4.15.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:4.16antodasāhaṁ adhiṭṭheti, vikappeti, vissajjeti, nassati, vinassati, ḍayhati, acchinditvā gaṇhanti, vissāsaṁ gaṇhanti,if within ten days it has been determined, assigned to another, given away, lost, destroyed, burned, stolen, or taken on trust;104.17ummattakassa,if he is insane;4.18ādikammikassāti.if he is the first offender.
5.1Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nissaṭṭhacīvaraṁ na denti.Soon afterwards the monks from the group of six did not give back relinquished robe-cloth.5.2Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.They told the Buddha.
5.3(…) “Na, bhikkhave, nissaṭṭhacīvaraṁ na dātabbaṁ.“Monks, relinquished robe-cloth should be given back.5.4Yo na dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.If you don’t give it back, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.”
5.5Kathinasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ paṭhamaṁ.The training rule on keeping extra robe-cloth beyond ten days, the first, is finished.