- 0.1Theravāda VinayaTheravāda Collection on Monastic Law
- 0.2MahāvibhaṅgaThe Great Analysis
- 0.3NissaggiyakaṇḍaThe chapter on relinquishment
- 0.4CīvaravaggaThe subchapter on robes
0.53. TatiyakathinasikkhāpadaKeeping extra robe-cloth beyond a month
1.1.0Origin story
1.1.1PTS 3.203Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,1.1.2Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno akālacīvaraṁ uppannaṁ hoti.a monk had been given robe-cloth outside the robe season.1.1.3Tassa taṁ cīvaraṁ kayiramānaṁ nappahoti.While he was making the robe, he realized there was not enough cloth.1.1.4Atha kho so bhikkhu taṁ cīvaraṁ ussāpetvā punappunaṁ vimajjati.Lifting it up, he smoothed it out again and again.1
1.1.5Addasā kho bhagavā senāsanacārikaṁ āhiṇḍanto taṁ bhikkhuṁ taṁ cīvaraṁ ussāpetvā punappunaṁ vimajjantaṁ.While walking about the dwellings, the Buddha saw that monk acting in this way.1.1.6Disvāna yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavoca—He went up to him and said,1.1.7“kissa tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imaṁ cīvaraṁ ussāpetvā punappunaṁ vimajjasī”ti?“What are you doing, monk?”
1.1.8“Idaṁ me, bhante, akālacīvaraṁ uppannaṁ.“Sir, I’ve been given this out-of-season robe-cloth,1.1.9Kayiramānaṁ nappahoti.but it’s not enough to make a robe.1.1.10Tenāhaṁ imaṁ cīvaraṁ ussāpetvā punappunaṁ vimajjāmī”ti.That’s why I lift it up and smooth it out again and again.”
1.1.11“Atthi pana te, bhikkhu, cīvarapaccāsā”ti?“Are you expecting to receive more cloth?”
1.1.12“Atthi, bhagavā”ti.“I am.”
1.1.13Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā, bhikkhū āmantesi—Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:
1.1.14“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, akālacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā cīvarapaccāsā nikkhipitun”ti.“Monks, I allow you to keep out-of-season robe-cloth if you are expecting to receive more.”
1.2.1Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū—“bhagavatā anuññātaṁ akālacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā cīvarapaccāsā nikkhipitun”ti akālacīvarāni paṭiggahetvā atirekamāsaṁ nikkhipanti.When they heard about this, some monks kept out-of-season robe-cloth for more than a month, 1.2.2Tāni cīvarāni cīvaravaṁse bhaṇḍikābaddhāni tiṭṭhanti.keeping them in bundles on a bamboo robe rack. 1.2.3Addasā kho āyasmā ānando senāsanacārikaṁ āhiṇḍanto tāni cīvarāni cīvaravaṁse bhaṇḍikābaddhāni tiṭṭhante.While walking about the dwellings, Venerable Ānanda saw that robe-cloth, 1.2.4Disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi—and he asked the monks, 1.2.5“kassimāni, āvuso, cīvarāni cīvaravaṁse bhaṇḍikābaddhāni tiṭṭhantī”ti?“Whose cloth is this?”
1.3.1“Amhākaṁ, āvuso, akālacīvarāni cīvarapaccāsā nikkhittānī”ti.“It’s our out-of-season robe-cloth, which we’re keeping because we’re expecting more.”
1.3.2“Kīvaciraṁ panāvuso, imāni cīvarāni nikkhittānī”ti?“But how long have you kept it?”
1.3.3“Atirekamāsaṁ, āvuso”ti.“More than a month.”
1.3.4Āyasmā ānando ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—Venerable Ānanda complained and criticized them,1.3.5“kathañhi nāma bhikkhū akālacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā atirekamāsaṁ nikkhipissantī”ti.“How can these monks keep out-of-season robe-cloth for more than a month?”
1.3.6Atha kho āyasmā ānando te bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi …pe…After rebuking those monks in many ways, Venerable Ānanda told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:1.3.7“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū akālacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā atirekamāsaṁ nikkhipantī”ti?“Is it true, monks, that there are monks who do this?”
1.3.8“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.“It’s true, sir.”
1.3.9Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…The Buddha rebuked them …1.3.10kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā akālacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā atirekamāsaṁ nikkhipissanti.“How can those foolish men keep out-of-season robe-cloth for more than a month?1.3.11Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…This will affect people’s confidence …” …1.3.12evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
1.3.13.0Final ruling
1.3.13.1“Niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṁ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmiṁ kathine bhikkhuno paneva akālacīvaraṁ uppajjeyya, ākaṅkhamānena bhikkhunā paṭiggahetabbaṁ.‘When his robe is finished and the robe season has ended, if out-of-season robe-cloth is offered to a monk, he may receive it if he wishes.1.3.14Paṭiggahetvā khippameva kāretabbaṁ.If he receives it, he should quickly make a robe.1.3.15No cassa pāripūri, māsaparamaṁ tena bhikkhunā taṁ cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ ūnassa pāripūriyā satiyā paccāsāya.If there is not enough cloth, but he is expecting more, he should keep it at most one month to make up the lack.1.3.16Tato ce uttari nikkhipeyya, satiyāpi paccāsāya, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan”ti.If he keeps it longer than that, then even if he expects more cloth, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.’”
2.1.0Definitions
- 2.1.1PTS 3.204NiṭṭhitacīvarasmintiWhen his robe is finished:
- 2.1.2bhikkhuno cīvaraṁ kataṁ vā hoti naṭṭhaṁ vā vinaṭṭhaṁ vā daḍḍhaṁ vā cīvarāsā vā upacchinnā.the monk has made a robe; or the robe-cloth has been lost, destroyed, or burned; or his expectation of receiving further robe-cloth is disappointed.2
- 2.1.3Ubbhatasmiṁ kathinetiThe robe season has ended:
- 2.1.4aṭṭhannaṁ mātikānaṁ aññatarāya mātikāya ubbhataṁ hoti, saṅghena vā antarā ubbhataṁ hoti.it has ended according to one of the eight key phrases or the Sangha has ended it.3
- 2.1.5Akālacīvaraṁ nāmaOut-of-season robe-cloth:
- 2.1.6anatthate kathine ekādasamāse uppannaṁ,for one who has not participated in the robe-making ceremony, it is robe-cloth given during the eleven months.42.1.7atthate kathine sattamāse uppannaṁ,for one who has participated in the robe-making ceremony, it is robe-cloth given during the seven months.52.1.8kālepi ādissa dinnaṁ, etaṁ akālacīvaraṁ nāma.Also, if it is given in the robe season, but the cloth is designated, it is called “out-of-season robe-cloth”.6
- 2.1.9UppajjeyyātiIf it is offered:
- 2.1.10uppajjeyya saṅghato vā gaṇato vā ñātito vā mittato vā paṁsukūlaṁ vā attano vā dhanena.If it is offered by a sangha, by a group, by a relative, or by a friend, or if it is rags, or if he got it by means of his own property.
- 2.1.11ĀkaṅkhamānenātiIf he wishes:
- 2.1.12icchamānena paṭiggahetabbaṁ.if he desires, he may receive it.
- 2.1.13Paṭiggahetvā khippameva kāretabbantiIf he receives it, he should quickly make a robe:
- 2.1.14dasāhā kāretabbaṁ.it should be made within ten days.7
- 2.1.15No cassa pāripūrītiIf there is not enough cloth:
- 2.1.16kayiramānaṁ nappahoti.if there is not enough cloth when the robe is being made.
- 2.1.17Māsaparamaṁ tena bhikkhunā taṁ cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbantiHe should keep it at most one month:
- 2.1.18māsaparamatā nikkhipitabbaṁ.he should keep it one month at a maximum.
- 2.1.19Ūnassa pāripūriyātiTo make up the lack:
- 2.1.20ūnassa pāripūratthāya.for the purpose of making up the lack.
- 2.1.21Satiyā paccāsāyātiBut he is expecting more:
- 2.1.22paccāsā hoti saṅghato vā gaṇato vā ñātito vā mittato vā paṁsukūlaṁ vā attano vā dhanena.he is expecting more from a sangha, from a group, from a relative, or from a friend, or he is expecting to get rags, or he is expecting to get it by means of his own property.
- 2.2.1PTS 3.205Tato ce uttari nikkhipeyya satiyāpi paccāsāyātiIf he keeps it longer than that, then even if he expects more cloth:
2.2.2tadahuppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, dasāhā kāretabbaṁ.if he is given the expected robe-cloth on the same day as he was given the original robe-cloth, it must be made into a robe within ten days.2.2.3Dvīhuppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, dasāhā kāretabbaṁ.If he is given the expected robe-cloth the day after he was given the original robe-cloth, it must be made into a robe within ten days.82.2.4Tīhuppanne mūlacīvare …pe…If he is given the expected robe-cloth two days after …2.2.5catūhuppanne …three days after …2.2.6pañcāhuppanne …2.2.7chāhuppanne …2.2.8sattāhuppanne …2.2.9aṭṭhāhuppanne …2.2.10navāhuppanne …2.2.11dasāhuppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, dasāhā kāretabbaṁ.2.2.12Ekādase uppanne …pe…2.2.13dvādase uppanne …2.2.14terase uppanne …2.2.15cuddase uppanne …2.2.16pannarase uppanne …2.2.17soḷase uppanne …2.2.18sattarase uppanne …2.2.19aṭṭhārase uppanne …2.2.20ekūnavīse uppanne …eighteen days after …2.2.21vīse uppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, dasāhā kāretabbaṁ.nineteen days after he was given the original robe-cloth, it must be made into a robe within ten days.2.2.22Ekavīse uppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, navāhā kāretabbaṁ.If he is given the expected robe-cloth twenty days after he was given the original robe-cloth, it must be made into a robe within nine days.2.2.23Dvāvīse uppanne …pe…If he is given the expected robe-cloth twenty-one days after he was given the original robe-cloth, it must be made into a robe within eight days. …2.2.24tevīse uppanne …twenty-two days after …2.2.25catuvīse uppanne …2.2.26pañcavīse uppanne …2.2.27chabbīse uppanne …2.2.28sattavīse uppanne …2.2.29aṭṭhavīse uppanne …twenty-seven days after …2.2.30ekūnatiṁse uppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, ekāhaṁ kāretabbaṁ …If he is given the expected robe-cloth twenty-eight days after he was given the original robe-cloth, it must be made into a robe within one day.2.2.31tiṁse uppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, tadaheva adhiṭṭhātabbaṁ vikappetabbaṁ vissajjetabbaṁ.If he is given the expected robe-cloth twenty-nine days after he was given the original robe-cloth, it must be determined, assigned to another, or given away on that very day.92.2.32No ce adhiṭṭheyya vā vikappeyya vā vissajjeyya vā, ekatiṁse aruṇuggamane nissaggiyaṁ hoti.If he does not determine it, assign it to another, or give it away, it becomes subject to relinquishment at dawn on the thirtieth day.
2.2.33Nissajjitabbaṁ saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā.The robe-cloth should be relinquished to a sangha, a group, or an individual.2.2.34Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nissajjitabbaṁ.“And, monks, it should be relinquished like this. …”2.2.35…pe…(To be expanded as in <a href='https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-bu-vb-np1#3.2.5'>Bu NP 1:3.2.5</a>–3.2.29, with appropriate substitutions.)
2.2.36idaṁ me, bhante, akālacīvaraṁ māsātikkantaṁ nissaggiyaṁ,“Venerables, this out-of-season robe-cloth, which I have kept for more than a month, is to be relinquished.2.2.37imāhaṁ saṅghassa nissajjāmīti …pe…I relinquish it to the Sangha.” …2.2.38dadeyyāti …pe…“the Sangha should give …”2.2.39dadeyyunti …pe…“you should give …”2.2.40āyasmato dammīti.“I give this robe-cloth back to you.”
2.2.41Visabhāge uppanne mūlacīvare paccāsācīvaraṁ uppajjati, rattiyo ca sesā honti, na akāmā kāretabbaṁ.If he is given the expected robe-cloth, but it is different from the robe-cloth originally given to him, and there are days remaining, he does not have to make a robe if he does not want to.
2.3.0Permutations
2.3.1Māsātikkante atikkantasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it is more than a month and he perceives it as more, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.2.3.2Māsātikkante vematiko nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it is more than a month, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.2.3.3Māsātikkante anatikkantasaññī nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it is more than a month, but he perceives it as less, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.
2.3.4Anadhiṭṭhite adhiṭṭhitasaññī …pe…If it has not been determined, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.2.3.5avikappite vikappitasaññī …If it has not been assigned to another, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.102.3.6avissajjite vissajjitasaññī …If it has not been given away, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.2.3.7anaṭṭhe naṭṭhasaññī …If it has not been lost, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.2.3.8avinaṭṭhe vinaṭṭhasaññī …If it has not been destroyed, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.2.3.9adaḍḍhe daḍḍhasaññī …If it has not been burned, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.2.3.10avilutte viluttasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.If it has not been stolen, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.
2.3.11Nissaggiyaṁ cīvaraṁ anissajjitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If he uses robe-cloth that should be relinquished without first relinquishing it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.3.12Māsānatikkante atikkantasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is less than a month, but he perceives it as more, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.3.13Māsānatikkante vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.If it is less than a month, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.2.3.14Māsānatikkante anatikkantasaññī, anāpatti.If it is less than a month and he perceives it as less, there is no offense.
2.4.0Non-offenses
2.4.1Anāpatti—There is no offense:2.4.2antomāse adhiṭṭheti, vikappeti, vissajjeti, nassati, vinassati, ḍayhati, acchinditvā gaṇhanti, vissāsaṁ gaṇhanti,if within a month it has been determined, assigned to another, given away, lost, destroyed, burned, stolen, or taken on trust;112.4.3ummattakassa,if he is insane;2.4.4ādikammikassāti.if he is the first offender.
2.4.5Tatiyakathinasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ tatiyaṁ.The third training rule on keeping extra robe-cloth beyond a month, the third, is finished.